FK-1000 / FB-10
The FB-10 ground-to-air short-range air defense missile weapon system can provide effective air defense cover for troop maneuvering, concentration and deployment. The FB-10 missile adopts an infrared imaging guidance system, which is ignored after launch, and has strong anti-jamming and multi-target interception capabilities.
According to "Jane's Defense Weekly" of 24 April 2014, the China National Precision Machinery Import and Export Corporation released new details about its FK-1000 surface-to-air missile/cannonball integrated air defense system. The weapon system is integrated into an 8×8 wheeled off-road control chassis, and the launch tower is installed at the rear of the vehicle. The main firepower of the system includes 12 FK-1000 two-stage solid-propellant surface-to-air missiles (six on each side of the launch tower), and two 23mm automatic cannons installed in front of and behind these surface-to-air missiles. It can be seen that the FK-1000 air defense system and the missiles it uses are actually quite similar to the 96K6 "Armor"-S1 air defense system of the Russian KBP Design Bureau. Although the Chinese system uses a different chassis and replaces the Pantsir system's 30mm cannon with a 23mm cannon. The FK-1000's sensing equipment includes a surveillance radar installed behind the vehicle and a tracking radar located in front of the vehicle. The Janes report quoted China Precision Machinery Import and Export Corporation as saying that the system can engage two targets at the same time, and the performance of its missiles allows them to achieve an oblique range of 1,200 meters to 22,000 meters (altitude from 20 meters to 10,000 meters). The two cannons in the system are claimed to be able to achieve an oblique range of 20 meters to 2800 meters (height from 0 to 2300 meters), so that they have a certain air defense capability, and highlight the main role of the cannon as a relatively close self Defense and strike against ground targets. The China National Precision Machinery Import and Export Corporation said the air defense system can engage targets ranging from fast-flying jets and cruise missiles to individual air-to-surface firepower, with single-shot hit probabilities for aircraft and smaller missile targets respectively For 85% and 65%, the system response time is 4 to 6 seconds. A typical FK-1000 anti-aircraft artillery squadron would include a control vehicle, six launch vehicles, three transport and loading vehicles (for an additional 72 surface-to-air missiles), and a test and spare parts vehicle, the report said. Such artillery squadrons are usually organized into a larger air defense network, but each launch vehicle of the squadron can be deployed as an individual air defense system. According to reports, in addition to the FK-1000 system, China Precision Machinery Import and Export Corporation is also promoting its TH-S711 portable anti-aircraft missile combat command system. The system consists of a command vehicle with surveillance radar mounted on the roof. When the target is confirmed to be hostile, the attack task will be issued to a man-portable surface-to-air missile launcher, such as the FN-6 missile launcher. The missile operator will wear a helmet-mounted display to obtain targeting information, and the launcher can also be equipped with night vision equipment. The FB-10A short-range air defense missile is an extended-range improved version of the previous FB-10 air defense missile, which uses a circular launcher. The early FB-10 short-range air defense missile that appeared in 2014 adopted a canard aerodynamic layout. During the development, it overcame the problem of the rotating projectile interfering with infrared guidance. It is equipped with an infrared imaging seeker, and there are 4 pieces in the front of the projectile. Foldable tipped triangular rudder surface, behind the rudder surface is a circle of windows for laser proximity fuzes, and 4 foldable trapezoidal tail fins are installed on the rear of the projectile, all of which are in an X-shaped layout, with an effective range of 1-10 kilometers and a high shooting height of 15-5000 meters.
The kill probability (SSKP) of a single missile against aircraft or helicopters is 80%, and against cruise missiles is 70%, but its short range is its shortcoming. The FB-10A thickened the rear body, extending the interception distance to 18 kilometers, thus forming the short-range interception means of the system. This time, the FB-10A air defense system installed on the warrior chassis also appeared. Imaging guidance system, no matter after launch, anti-jamming and multi-target interception capabilities are also very strong. With the cooperation of the two missiles, the LY-70 air defense system has a kill probability of 90%, the probability of hitting aircraft is 0.9, and the probability of ammunition is 0.85. According to online news, the system is also equipped with jamming equipment specially designed to deal with UAV targets such as "swarms", interfering with its command communication link and satellite positioning system, causing it to crash out of control.
PCL 191 In 2019 during China's National Day Parade Type PCL-191 was shown off to the world but its name was only disclosed a few months after by Chinese military magazine Modern Ships. The ‘mystery’ hardware that appeared without a name at the National Day parade in October is the PLA’s most powerful MLRS ever, experts say It is based on the Norinco AR-3 MRL. In 2010, the AR-3 went on sale. In contrast to other rocket systems in the parade, the PHL-16 was unlabeled. A report in the latest issue of Modern Ships also gave the new hardware a name – the Type PCL191 – saying it was a modular launcher based on the AR3 system developed by China for the export market.\nUnlike other weapon systems on display in Beijing, which had their names emblazoned along their sides, the Type PCL191 rumbled through the streets of Beijing on the back of heavy-duty trucks with almost complete anonymity.\n\n\nA commentator for state broadcaster CCTV described it simply as a “self-propelled rocket launcher with precision strike capability”.\nModern Ships went further, saying the modular rocket system can carry eight 370mm (14½ inch) rockets – each with a range of 350km (220 miles) – or two 750mm Fire Dragon 480 tactical ballistic missiles – each capable of flying up to 500km.\nWhile it is not known how many PCL191 units China has, a report by PLA Daily – the mouthpiece of the People’s Liberation Army – said that an MLRS brigade was stationed with the 72nd Group Army in Huzhou, Zhejiang province.\nBased on China’s eastern seaboard, the 72nd is one of three active group armies under the Eastern Theatre Command and has priority status in terms of readiness, strength and equipment.\ System capable of firing eight 370mm rockets 350km or two 750mm ballistic missiles 500km the PCL-191 type. The launcher of this complex is capable of carrying eight 370 mm missiles with a range of 350 km or two tactical ballistic missiles of 750 mm caliber with a range of up to 500 km. A powerful battery powers the vehicles used for launchers. The system is also capable of operating on its own. A battery includes six launcher vehicles, many reloading vehicles, a command post vehicle, a vehicle for conducting meteorological surveys, and various service support vehicles. The novelty today is that in addition to rockets with a range of 350 kilometres, the system could now carry so-called ” Fire Dragon ” ballistic missiles, capable of striking at 500 kilometres. A rocket launching system with a 500 km range means that it can hit any Indian military base from the territory under Chinese control. China has already conducted practice firing of various MLRS in areas close to the contact line and India is well aware of this. The deployment of the new system should be a warning to the Indian military in the event of an escalation of hostilities. According to the media, the conflict on the border between China and India cannot be resolved at the level of the commanders of the groupings; this requires a meeting of the leaders of the two countries, which is not even planned for now. Therefore, the conflict will continue for a long time and may develop into a more global one. Do not forget that both countries are "nuclear powers". The AR-3 rocket launcher is an improved version developed on the basis of the AR-2 rocket launcher. It is one of the AR series of long-range multiple rocket launchers in China. It has two calibers of 370 mm and 300 mm. The AR3 is a Chinese artillery rocket system, developed specially for export. It was first revealed in 2011. The AR3 is one of the the most powerful multiple launch artillery rocket systems in the world. The AR-3 long-range rocket launcher system was developed and designed by China North Industries Corporation, a subsidiary of China North Industries Group. It can be said to be the new star of China's long-range rocket launcher system family and bears the hopes of the family. This type of system is developed by AR- 2 The rocket launcher system is improved, and the UAE is the overseas customer of this type of system. In addition to exporting, China has also equipped this type of rocket launcher system named PHL-16. The AR-3 long-range rocket launcher system made its debut at the 2015 UAE Abu Dhabi Defense Exhibition. The whole system adopts an 8×8 wheeled tractor chassis design, and the combat weight is 45 tons without refueling. The maximum driving distance can reach 650 kilometers, the speed can reach 60 kilometers per hour, and the maneuverability is relatively good. In addition, the vehicle is equipped with a weather system, a communication information system, a combat command system, and a logistics support system. This makes the rocket launcher system highly informatized, requiring only three people to complete Operation, endowed with excellent operability and system automation, the system can be used for fire support with battalion-level combat units or can operate independently. The weapon is equipped with guided rockets of two calibers, 300 mm and 370 mm, which are BRC3/4 series 370 mm and BRE2/3/6/8 series 300 mm. The corresponding range can be Up to 70-130 130-220 and 300 kilometers, the use of inertial + GPS/Beidou navigation composite guidance improves the accuracy of hitting (CEP) as much as the tactical surface missile with the same range, but considering the volume of the rocket and the battle it can carry The quality of the missiles and the accuracy of the rockets have been improved, but the tactical surface-to-surface missiles still have an advantage over guided rockets in terms of their killing and damage effects. This shows that the AR-3 long-range rocket launcher system is favored by users at home and abroad due to its excellent firepower, mobility and operability. Take the BRC3 guided rocket as an example. This type of rocket adopts more than 600 cluster warheads designed to carry out anti-runway missions or destroy armored clusters easily. Some rockets are designed with high-explosive fragmentation warheads to perform fire support tasks, while the use of delayed penetrating concrete blasting warheads can perform strikes on concrete shelters. In theory, a BRC3 guided rocket can handle 96,000 square meters. For targets within range, the AR-3 long-range rocket system for export can only fire 280 kilometers, while the PHL-16 for personal use can reach a range of 360 kilometers. Another major feature of the AR-3 long-range rocket launcher system is modularity. The modular design of storage, transportation, and launching of ammunition boxes shortens the time for replacement and replenishment of ammunition and improves firepower continuity. In addition to being able to hit 300/370mm In addition to guided rockets, surface-to-surface missiles and anti-ship missiles can also be launched, which increases the firepower diversity of AR-3 In previous defense exhibitions, the AR-3 rocket launcher was mainly equipped with "Fire Dragon" 140 300 mm rockets and "Fire Dragon" 220/280 370 mm rockets. The "Fire Dragon" series of rockets adopt inertial navigation + GPS guidance, which has high accuracy and has the ability to hit moving targets to a certain extent. Coupled with the semi-armor-piercing warhead, it has the ability to deal with various ground and water targets. These three types of large-caliber rockets not only have a long range, but also have excellent strike accuracy, which is not inferior to tactical surface-to-surface ballistic missiles with the same range. However, tactical surface-to-surface ballistic missiles also have their own advantages. When the range and strike accuracy are the same, the mass and size of the warhead carried by them are larger than those of large-caliber rockets such as 300 mm and 370 mm. There are advantages. This means that the warhead mass and size space that tactical surface-to-ground ballistic missiles can carry are larger than 300 mm and 370 mm rockets, so the damage power will be doubled. If it carries a carrier warhead or a cluster warhead, its strike coverage will also be much expanded. At the same time, the AR-3 rocket launcher itself also has the ability to be equipped with tactical surface-to-surface ballistic missiles, thus forming a mode of co-launching missiles and arrows. This will play a great role in improving and enriching the combat capabilities of the AR-3 rocket launcher. The 750mm "Fire Dragon" 480 tactical ballistic missile was born under this background requirement. The "Fire Dragon" 480 tactical ballistic missile was independently developed by a group owned by Norinco. From the appearance point of view, the "Fire Dragon" 480 has a certain similarity with the Russian "Iskander"-M tactical surface-to-surface ballistic missile. It is reported that the "Fire Dragon" 480 has excellent power, accuracy and penetration capabilities, with a range of 290,000 meters, the warhead weighs 480 kilograms and uses inertial navigation + GPS guidance. If customers need, they can also choose millimeter wave/laser/TV/infrared imaging and other terminal guidance. The missile body does not separate during the attack on the target and can maneuver longitudinally, making it difficult for the opponent to intercept. The tactical ground used by AR-3 The missile is the "Fire Dragon" huolóng-480, which was unveiled at the 2016 Abu Dhabi Defense Exhibition in the United Arab Emirates. From the appearance, the missile is cylindrical, and the head design uses the same double as the Iskander M tactical surface-to-surface missile. Cone design, this design is conducive to reducing resistance and improving missile penetration performance and hit accuracy. This type of missile can also be longitudinally S maneuvered to greatly increase the difficulty of interception. The diameter of the projectile is 0.75 meters, and it uses a 480 kg high-explosive combat. The missile has a range of 290 kilometers and is designed without separation. The guidance adopts a laser gyroscope + GPS/Beidou composite guidance system. According to customer needs, additional TV guidance and terminal infrared imaging guidance and terminal active millimeter wave radar guidance can be installed. To further improve the accuracy of missile hits, considering that the International Arms Commodity Exchange stipulated by the Missile and Control Technology Organization prohibits the sale of tactical surface-to-surface missiles with a range of up to 300 kilometers, the effective range of 290 kilometers is only to circumvent the relevant regulations. If the 480 kg high explosive is The weight of the warhead is reduced, and the warhead is changed to 450 or 400 kilograms. Then this type of missile can easily achieve a maximum range of 290 kilometers and a maximum range of 300 kilometers. The TL- The 7B anti-ship missile is a foreign trade model of the Eagle Strike-8 series of anti-ship missiles used by China. It has a range of 185 kilometers and a diameter of 0.38 meters. The appearance adopts the X-shaped wing rudder design. It is a very good subsonic anti-ship missile. The AR-3 rocket launcher exhibited at the 2018 Zhuhai Air Show has new ammunition TL-7B anti-ship missiles In fact, in addition to the "Fire Dragon" 480 tactical ballistic missile, a 380mm TL-7B anti-ship missile was also exhibited at the 2018 Zhuhai Air Show. TL-7B is my country’s new foreign trade anti-ship missile, so it is also likely to appear at the Abu Dhabi Defense Exhibition. There are three models of this missile, of which the TL-7B is the shore-based model. This missile is improved from my country's YJ-8 series missiles. It may use a more powerful warhead and have a longer range, estimated to reach 180 kilometers. It can use enemy warships to attack the sea/air Searching for radar blind spots to implement penetration is in line with the positioning of the AR-3 as a shore defense system, and is very suitable for use by some small countries as a shore-based defense weapon. It can easily become a shore-based anti-ship missile launching system and a tactical surface-to-surface missile launching system. The flexibility of the multi-purpose system is self-evident. It can easily deal with airports, armored clusters, command facilities, air defense missile launch positions and logistics. For targets such as supply bases, the launch module has improved operational flexibility and intensity and firepower diversity, shortened the time for replenishment and replacement of ammunition, improved firepower continuity, and became a sharp edge for third world countries. Specification Country of origin: China Crew: 5 Dimensions and weight Weight: 44 t Length: 12 m Width: 3 m Height: 3 m Armament Caliber: 370 mm / 300 mm Number of tubes: 8 / 10 Rocket weight: 840 kg Warhead weight: 200 kg Firing range: 100 - 220 km / 20 - 130 km Full salvo duration: 60 s Reloading time: 20 minutes Mobility Engine: diesel Engine power: 500 hp Maximum road speed: 60 km/h Range: 650 km Maneuverability Gradient: 60% Side slope: 30% Vertical step: 0.6 m Trench: 2 m Fording: 1 m
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