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Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD)


January 1999

  • TRANSCRIPT: KUWAIT'S AL-QABAS INTERVIEWS INDYK, RICCIARDONE 31 January 1999 -- The Iraq Liberation Act, which became law this past fall, has brought about a change in U.S. policy, Assistant Secretary of State Martin Indyk said.
  • TRANSCRIPT: INDYK INTERVIEW WITH KUWAIT TELEVISION 31 January 1999 -- Martin S. Indyk, Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs, said that the United States is now working toward the day when "the Iraqi people could enjoy a different government in Iraq. One that was more representative of their aspirations. A government that we could work with to reintegrate Iraq into the international community."
  • COALITION AIRCRAFT RESPOND TO IRAQI AGGRESSION United States Central Command Release Number: 9901-04 -- January 31, 1999 -- At approximately 2:20 a.m. Eastern Standard Time today, coalition air forces flying an Operation Southern Watch mission struck two Iraqi military sites, one near Al Amarah and another near Talil, in response to Iraqi provocations.
  • Coalition aircraft targeted Operation Northern Watch 31 January 1999 -- At approximately 3:20 p.m., Iraqi time, today, a U.S. Air Force F-16J Fighting Falcon, acting in self defense, launched a high-speed antiradiation missile (HARM) at a radar system north of Mosul.
  • More Coalition aircraft targeted Operation Northern Watch 31 January 1999 -- Operation Northern Watch coalition aircraft, while conducting routine enforcement of the Northern no-fly zone, were again targeted several times by Iraqi radars and anti-aircraft artillery near Mosul.
  • IRAQ / U-N Voice of America 31 January 1999 -- U-S WARPLANES HAVE AGAIN FIRED AT AIR DEFENSE INSTALLATIONS IN IRAQ. THIS COMES AS THE IRAQI GOVERNMENT REJECTS A U-N SECURITY COUNCIL DECISION TO REVIEW INTERNATIONAL POLICY TOWARD IRAQ.
  • SECURITY COUNCIL PRESIDENT'S NOTE ON IRAQ January 30, 1999 -- The Security Council set up three panels to review Iraq's compliance with the Gulf War cease-fire demands and make recommendations to the Council on how to proceed.
  • U-N / IRAQ REVIEW Voice of America 30 January 1999 -- THE U-N SECURITY COUNCIL HAS (SATURDAY) AGREED ON A FIRST STEP TOWARD RESOLVING DIVISIONS OVER HOW TO MOVE FORWARD ON ISSUES CONCERNING IRAQ.
  • U.S. aircraft attack Iraqi air defense sites Operation Northern Watch -- On January 30 at approximately 3 p.m. Iraqi time, coalition aircraft were targeted by Iraqi radars near Mosul.
  • US /IRAQ SATURDAY UPDATE Voice of America 30 January 1999 -- U-S OFFICIALS SAY AMERICAN WARPLANES ATTACKED IRAQI AIR DEFENSES AT LEAST HALF-A-DOZEN TIMES SATURDAY, LAUNCHING MISSILES AND BOMBS IN THE NORTHERN PART OF THE COUNTRY.
  • RFE/RL Iraq Report, Volume 2, Number 4 Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 29 January 1999 -- IRAQ WALKS OUT OF FOREIGN MINISTERS CONSULTATIVE MEETING / KEY IRAQI OPPOSITION PARTIES REJECT U.S. AID / TURKISH-SYRIAN-IRAQI WATER CONFLICT RESURFACES / ASSYRIANS PROTEST CENSUS IN NORTHERN IRAQ / TURKOMANS WANT ESTABLISHMENT OF AUTONOMOUS REGION IN IRAQI KURDISTAN
  • Iraq and the Arabs Iraq News, FRIDAY, JANUARY 29, 1999 -- Khidr Hamza--a high-ranking official in Iraq's nuclear program, who defected to the INC in 1994, when it was based in Northern Iraq; was refused protection or support by the CIA; traveled to Libya for want of any better option; and after six months, in which things got straightened out, came to the US--appeared yesterday on CBS' 60 Minutes II. Hamza stressed the importance of Iraq's nuclear program to Saddam. That was suggested by its size, Hamza explained. Some 12,000 people worked in the nuclear program, whereas hundreds worked in the chemical and biological programs.
  • Iraqi aggression keeping Northern Watch forces busy Operation Northern Watch Public Affairs Jan. 28, 1999 - Tthe ONW team has been keeping busy. The events, as they've happened, are as follows.
  • State Department Briefing -- 28 January 1999 -- I would fully endorse General Zinni's conclusion that we believe that this is not going to be an easy or short-term effort. Given the nature of the regime in Iraq, its brutality and the fact that it does have totalitarian control over much of the country, this will be inevitably a difficult and long-term effort. We want to be sure that our support is designed to achieve demonstrable results and does not result in the loss of life of those who are seeking to promote change inside Iraq.
  • ALBRIGHT / SAUDI Voice of America 28 January 1999 -- THE SAUDI GOVERNMENT ALLOWS U-S FORCES TO PATROL NO-FLY ZONES OVER IRAQ FROM THE PRINCE SULTAN BASE OUTSIDE RIYADH, BUT SAYS IT DOES NOT SUPPORT THE U-S POLICY OF PROMOTING A CHANGE OF GOVERNMENT IN BAGHDAD.
  • IRAQ AFTER SADDAM Voice of America 28 January 1999 -- AFTER SADDAM HUSSEIN GOES, WHAT HAPPENS TO IRAQ? WOULD IT BE MUCH THE SAME, OR DEMOCRATIC, OR EVEN BREAK UP? THESE POSSIBILITIES WERE DISCUSSED BY SPEAKERS AT A RECENT MEETING ON CAPITOL HILL.
  • OIL FOR FOOD; THE OPPOSITE OF SANCTIONS By Samuel R. Berger The Washington Post 28 January 1999 -- If sanctions were lifted, the international community no longer could determine how Iraq's oil revenues are spent. The oil-for-food program would have to be disbanded, not expanded. Billions of dollars now reserved for the basic needs of the Iraqi people would become available to Saddam to use as he pleased.
  • Coalition aircraft return fire (AFPN) 28 Jan 1999 -- Coalition aircraft have returned fire against an Iraqi ground site. At about 3:45 p.m. Iraqi time Jan. 28, two F-15E Strike Eagle pilots conducting routine enforcement of the northern no-fly zone observed fire by an anti-aircraft artillery site north of Mosul. In self-defense, the two F-15E's dropped a total of three GBU-12s on the anti-aircraft artillery site.
  • Events at Operation Northern Watch INCIRLIK AIR BASE, TURKEY -- At approximately 12:30 p.m. local time, January 28, the Commander of the 39th Wing, Incirlik Air Base, Turkey initiated standard force protection procedures and put U.S. forces at the base into protective gear, based on reports of a possible ballistic missile launch from northern Iraq. Once it was determined that there had not been a missile launch, the command announced 'all clear' and returned to normal operations.
  • ALBRIGHT / IRAQ Voice of America 27 January 1999 -- U-S SECRETARY OF STATE MADELEINE ALBRIGHT HAS ARRIVED IN SAUDI ARABIA, WHERE SHE IS TO HOLD TALKS WITH SAUDI LEADERS ON IRAQ.
  • SADDAM HUSSEIN Voice of America 27 January 1999 -- RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN IRAQ HAVE PROMPTED U-S NEWSPAPER EDITORS TO REVIEW UNITED STATES' AND UNITED NATIONS' POLICIES REGARDING IRAQI LEADER SADDAM HUSSEIN.
  • TURKEY/IRAQ/U-S Voice of America 27 January 1999 -- TURKISH FOREIGN MINISTER ISMAIL CEM WEDNESDAY REPEATED HIS GOVERNMENT'S WARNING THAT U-S WAR PLANES STATIONED AT A NATO AIR BASE IN SOUTHERN TURKEY COULD NOT TAKE OFFENSIVE ACTION AGAINST IRAQI TARGETS.
  • U-N - IRAQ / NEXT STEP Voice of America 27 January 1999 -- UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL COUNCIL TALKS ON IRAQ FOCUSSED ON A MODIFIED VERSION OF A CANADIAN PROPOSAL TO FORM THREE PANELS CONCERNING IRAQ.
  • U.S. Counters Iraq's Increased Aggression Linda D. Kozaryn American Forces Press Service 27 January 1999 -- The United States is meeting Iraq's increased aggression head-on and will continue to do so as long as it lasts. U.S. pilots have "adequate authority" to protect themselves and their missions. President Clinton expanded that authority recently at the request of Marine Gen. Anthony C. Zinni, commander of U.S. Central Command and Operation Southern Watch.
  • General lays blame for civilian casualties on Saddam Hussein Air Force Print News 27 Jan 1999 -- If an errant aircraft missile struck a residential area in Iraq, a senior defense official said the blame rests with Saddam Hussein, who continues to threaten coalition forces enforcing the no-fly zones.
  • US BACKING PROPOSAL FOR THREE PANELS TO STUDY IRAQI DATA Judy Aita USIA 27 January 1999 -- The United States is supporting a Canadian proposal in the Security Council for a series of panels to assess the mass of data on Iraq compiled since the end of the Gulf War. The panels would be a first step in helping council members decide how to proceed on such contentious issues as Iraq's disarmament and sanctions.
  • ESCALATION OVER IRAQ'S SKIES PROVOKES CONCERN, CONDEMNATION USIA Foreign Media Reaction Report January 27, 1999 -- The escalating tension regarding Iraq--notably the increase in U.S.-Iraqi confrontations in the northern and southern no-fly zones, Monday's incident in Basra, when an errant U.S. missile resulted in civilian casualties, and Washington's decision to widen the authority to strike Iraqi targets while patrolling the no-fly zones over Iraq--was the top story in Arab papers, and received prominent play in some European and Asian papers.
  • TRANSCRIPT: ALBRIGHT, MOUSSA BRIEFING IN CAIRO 27 January 1999 -- The United States and Egypt share the same fundamental goals regarding Iraq, Secretary of State Albright said during a press briefing with Egyptian Foreign Minister Moussa. Both countries, she told reporters, agree that Iraq must be prevented from threatening its neighbors and from reconstituting its weapons of mass destructions. In addition, the suffering of the Iraqi people must be eased, she said.
  • TRANSCRIPT OF PRESS CONFERENCE BY SECRETARY-GENERAL KOFI ANNAN AT UNITED NATIONS OFFICE AT GENEVA 26 January 1999 Press Release SG/SM/6875 -- En ce qui concerne M. Butler, j'ai eu l'occasion de dire que l'UNSCOM et lui ont eu un travail très difficile et compliqué à faire avec un régime qui ne coopérait pas, un régime qu'on est en train de pousser tout le temps à appliquer les décisions du Conseil de sécurité. Évidemment vous lisez tous les journaux, les membres du Conseil de sécurité sont divisés en ce qui concerne M. Butler.
  • DoD News Briefing Tuesday, January 26, 1999 A: An AGM-130 did miss its target and explode in a residential neighborhood several kilometers away from its target. We do not have any independent estimate of casualties or fatalities that can back up what the Iraqis have said about this. Q: One of the other things that Sandy Berger apparently had to say was that the rules of engagement have been changed for American pilots, which, as I recall from this podium, has been denied in the past. Are American pilots operating under a broader mandate than they have been? Q: When was this change made, by the way? A: I think it was made about three to four weeks ago. ... I'm not going to discuss the specifics of the rules of engagement except to say that we will take whatever action we think is necessary to protect our pilots.
  • State Department Briefing -- 26 January 1999 -- QUESTION: Sandy Berger was talking to defense reporters about this expanded US policy in - the US and Britain policy in Iraq. Can you elaborate on what that is for us here? MR. FOLEY: No, I can't. I would have to refer you to the Pentagon for any discussion of rules of engagement.
  • Marine Corps Prowler launches HARM (AFPN) 26 Jan 1999 -- Coalition aircraft have again fired upon Iraqi anti-aircraft sites that illuminated fighters patrolling the northern no-fly zone. Coalition aircraft conducting routine enforcement of the no-fly zone were targeted by Iraqi surface-to-air missile and anti-aircraft artillery systems in three separate incidents near Mosul.
  • Reserve KC-135s support no-fly zone over Iraq (AFPN) 26 Jan 1999 -- Two Air Force Reserve Command KC-135 units will augment other air-refueling units supporting the enforcement of the United Nations no-fly zone over northern Iraq in February.
  • Pentagon Confirms Strike on Iraqi Neighborhood Linda D. Kozaryn American Forces Press Service 26 January 1999 -- A U.S. missile fired at an Iraqi radar site Jan. 25 went astray and exploded in a residential neighborhood near the city of Basra in southern Iraq.
  • EDITORIAL: NEW IRAQI THREATS AGAINST KUWAIT Voice of America 26 January 1999 -- IRAQ'S DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER SAYS IRAQ NO LONGER RECOGNIZES THE LEGITIMACY OF THE COUNTRY'S BORDERS WITH KUWAIT.
  • IRAQ / PLANES TUESDAY Voice of America 26 January 1999 -- THE STRUGGLE FOR CONTROL OF IRAQI AIR SPACE CONTINUED TUESDAY NEAR THE NORTHERN CITY OF MOSUL. IRAQI RADAR TARGETED U-S PLANES, WHICH RESPONDED WITH BOMBS AND MISSILES.
  • IRAQ / US POLICY Voice of America 26 January 1999 -- THE UNITED STATES HAS EXPANDED RULES OF ENGAGEMENT FOR AMERICAN PILOTS ENFORCING THE NO-FLY ZONES OVER IRAQ. NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISOR SANDY BERGER SAYS THE PRESIDENT MADE THE CHANGE TO GIVE PILOTS GREATER LATITUDE TO ATTACK IRAQI AIR DEFENSES.
  • IRAQ DEAD CIVILIANS Voice of America 26 January 1999 -- U-S OFFICIALS CONFIRM THAT AN AMERICAN MISSILE WENT ASTRAY MONDAY AND STRUCK A RESIDENTIAL AREA IN SOUTHERN IRAQ. IRAQI OFFICIALS SAY THE WEAPON KILLED ELEVEN CIVILIANS AND INJURED DOZENS MORE.
  • IRAQ TUESDAY Voice of America 26 January 1999 -- U-S WARPLANES HAVE AGAIN FIRED ON IRAQI ARTILLERY DEFENSES. AT THE SAME TIME, IRAQI PRESIDENT SADDAM HUSSEIN IS STRONGLY CRITICIZING AIR ATTACKS MONDAY THAT KILLED 11 CIVILIANS AND WOUNDED DOZENS OF OTHERS NEAR THE SOUTHERN IRAQI CITY OF BASRA.
  • Aircraft fire at missile sites in northern and southern Iraq (AFPN) 25 Jan 1999 -- Both the northern and southern no-fly zones have been active as coalition aircraft returned fire against threatening Iraqi surface-to-air missile sites.
  • IRAQ-MISSILE-MONDAY Voice of America 25 January 1999 -- THE GENERAL WHO COMMANDS U-S FORCES IN THE PERSIAN GULF SAYS AN AMERICAN MISSILE MAY HAVE GONE ASTRAY IN SOUTHERN IRAQ MONDAY.
  • COALITION AIRCRAFT RESPOND TO THREAT United States Central Command January 25, 1999 Release Number: 9901-25 --At approximately 1:25 a.m. EST, coalition aircraft flying in support of Operation Southern Watch attacked an Iraqi SA-3 surface-to-air missile site and associated integrated air defense systems. The incident occurred north of the city of Basrah in the southern no-fly zone.
  • IRAQ ATTACK Voice of America 25 January 1999 -- THE IRAQI NEWS AGENCY SAYS U-S AND BRITISH MISSILES HAVE STRUCK TARGETS IN THE SOUTHERN CITY OF BASRA, KILLING AN UNSPECIFIED NUMBER OF CIVILIANS.
  • IRAQ-MISSILE-MONDAY Voice of America 25 January 1999 -- THE STRUGGLE BETWEEN IRAQI AIR DEFENSES AND ALLIED PLANES FOR CONTROL OF IRAQ'S AIR SPACE GREW MORE INTENSE MONDAY WITH MANY INCIDENTS IN THE NO-FLY ZONES. IRAQI FORCES AIMED RADAR, ANTI-AIRCRAFT GUNS, AND MISSILES AT U-S PLANES ON PATROL.
  • IRAQ/ARAB DIPLOMACY Voice of America 25 January 1999 -- ARAB GOVERNMENTS HAVE REACTED ANGRILY TO IRAQ'S WALKOUT SUNDAY BY ARAB FOREIGN MINISTERS MEETING IN EGYPT. OBSERVERS SAY IRAQ MAY HAVE MISCALCULATED ITS LEVEL OF SUPPORT AMONG ARABS, AND HAS FURTHER ISOLATED ITSELF FROM ARAB GOVERNMENTS.
  • State Department Briefing -- 25 January 1999 -- Prior to this past month, violations of the no-fly zone were isolated and pinpoint in nature. What we're beginning to see now is what appears to be a highly orchestrated, across-the-board series of challenges to, and attacks on no-fly zone enforcement. We are certainly not going to be intimidated by Iraqi actions in this regard.
  • ZINNI SAYS IRAQ VIOLATES NO-FLY ZONES FIVE TIMES IN ONE DAY Susan Ellis and Jacqui Porth USIA 25 January 1999 -- The military commander of the U.S. Central Command (USCENTCOM) says Iraq is carrying out "a coordinated, centralized effort" in both northern and southern Iraq to threaten coalition enforcement of the no-fly zones.
  • IRAQ ATTACK Voice of America 25 January 1999 -- CLASHES HAVE BEEN INCREASING IN THE NO-FLY ZONE IN SOUTHERN IRAQ. U-S WARPLANES SUNDAY TWICE FIRED ON IRAQI AIR DEFENSES AFTER BEING TARGETED BY IRAQI RADAR.
  • IRAQ / MONDAY MISSLE Voice of America 25 January 1999 -- IRAQ'S NEWS AGENCY SAYS A U-S OR BRITISH MISSILE STRUCK A CROWDED MARKET IN THE SOUTHERN CITY, BASRA, KILLING AND INJURING CIVILIANS. A U-S MILITARY OFFICIAL SAYS COALITION PLANES FIRED AT A SURFACE-TO-AIR MISSILE SITE NORTH OF THE CITY. BRITISH OFFICIALS REPORTEDLY DENY THEIR PLANES WERE INVOLVED IN ANY ATTACK.
  • The Arab League Meeting on Iraq Iraq News 25 January 1999 -- 25 At yesterday's Arab League Foreign Ministers meeting, Iraq's position was that the meeting should issue a statement that 1) condemned the US, UK strikes on Iraq; 2) called for an immediate lifting of sanctions; 3) condemned the no-fly zones; and 4) demanded that Iraq be compensated for damage caused by the US/UK strikes. But the Saudi/Egyptian position prevailed and Iraq got none of that.
  • ARAB LEAGUE / IRAQ ISOLATION Voice of America 24 January 1999 -- IRAQ'S FOREIGN MINISTER SAEED AL SAHAF STORMED OUT OF A MEETING OF ARAB FOREIGN MINISTERS, CALLING THEM TRAITORS AND U-S LACKEYS. THE MOVE MAY LIKELY FURTHER ISOLATE IRAQ AMONG ARAB NATIONS AT A TIME IT NEEDS THEM THE MOST.
  • ARAB LEAGUE / IRAQ Voice of America 24 January 1999 -- IRAQ HAS WALKED OUT OF THE ARAB LEAGUE FOREIGN MINISTERS MEETING IN CAIRO. THE DELEGATION LEFT IN PROTEST OVER A FINAL STATEMENT THAT CALLED ON IRAQ TO CEASE PROVOCATIVE ACTIONS AGAINST ITS NEIGHBORS.
  • Iraq Belligerence Toward Saudi Arabia and Kuwait Iraq News 24 January 1999 -- A front page editorial in al-Jumhuriya appeared under Saddam's name, fiercely attacking Saudi Arabia and Kuwait. The charge--the Saudis and Kuwait had driven down the price of oil and had done grevious harm to Iraq and others--is reminiscent of the charge Iraq raised against Kuwait, prior to Aug 2, 1990.
  • ARAB LEAGUE / PREVIEW Voice of America 23 January 1999 -- IRAQ'S FOREIGN MINISTER, MOHAMMED SAEED AL SAHAF, MET SATURDAY WITH ARAB LEAGUE SECRETARY-GENERAL ESMAT ABDEL-MEGUID AND INDICATED HIS GOVERNMENT INTENDS TO CONTINUE TO PRESS THE HARDLINE STANCE THAT HAS MADE IT DIFFICULT FOR ARAB STATES TO UNITE ON A POSITION ON THE IRAQI CRISIS.
  • COALITION AIRCRAFT RESPOND TO THREAT United States Central Command January 23, 1999 Release Number: 9901-23 --At approximately 1:15 a.m. EST, U.S. aircraft flying in support of Operation Southern Watch dropped laser-guided bombs at two Iraqi surface-to-air missile systems that posed a threat to coalition forces in the area.
  • U-S / IRAQ, UPDATE Voice of America 23 January 1999 -- U-S OFFICIALS SAY AMERICAN PLANES FOUGHT ANOTHER DUEL WITH IRAQI AIR DEFENSE FORCES SATURDAY. NO U-S PLANES WERE HIT AND OFFICIALS ARE STILL ASSESSING DAMAGE TO THE IRAQI FORCES.
  • IRAQ / NATIONAL SECURITY Voice of America 22 January 1999 -- A NEW ASSESSMENT OF DECEMBER'S "DESERT FOX" AIR ATTACKS ON IRAQ BY ANTHONY CORDESMAN OF THE CENTER FOR STRATEGIC AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES SAYS THE EFFORT WAS TOO SMALL AND TIMID TO CHANGE THE MILITARY SITUATION IN THE PERSIAN GULF.
  • CSIS' CORDESMAN DETAILS IRAQI THREAT, NEED TO CONTINUE SANCTIONS Rick Marshall USIA 22 January 1999 -- Anthony Cordesman, a senior fellow for strategic assessment at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, gave a chilling lecture on Iraq's past and present military capabilities, building a solid case for maintaining military sanctions and questioning whether anyone who studied the matter seriously could expect the regime to change the course it has followed unwaveringly for the past 20 years if military sanctions are lifted.
  • U-N / IRAQ DEADLOCK Voice of America 22 January 1999 -- THE SECURITY COUNCIL HAS SEVERAL PROPOSALS IN FRONT OF IT CONCERNING IRAQ. RUSSIA HAS SUGGESTED A NEW ARMS CONTROL SYSTEM TO REPLACE THE U-N WEAPONS INSPECTION COMMISSION, UNSCOM. FRANCE HAS RAISED THE IDEA OF LIFTING SANCTIONS IMPOSED ON IRAQ AFTER THE GULF WAR.
  • RFE/RL Iraq Report, Volume 2, Number 3 Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 22 January 1999 -- 'AL-GHARDAQAH FIVE' HOLD SECOND MEETING / CHINESE MILITARY NEWSPAPER ON DESERT FOX / SCIRI REJECTS U.S. FINANCIAL AID / AZERBAIJANI PUBLIC DIVIDED ON DESERT FOX / IRAQI TURKOMANS TO MEET IN FEBRUARY / ASSYRIANS CLAIM 'ETHNIC CLEANSING' CONTINUES / IRAQ'S GOVERNMENT TO REORGANIZE /
  • DAILY PRESS BRIEFING OF OFFICE OF SPOKESMAN FOR SECRETARY-GENERAL 21 January 1999 -- So far this year the Security Council's 661 Committee, which oversaw sanctions on Iraq, had approved 52 contracts for the supply of urgently needed spare parts and equipment for Iraq's oil industry.
  • IRAQ / ARAB LEAGUE Voice of America 21 January 1999 -- IRAQ'S FOREIGN MINISTER (MOHAMMED SAEED AL-SAHAF) IS TO ATTEND SUNDAY'S MEETING OF FOREIGN MINISTERS OF THE ARAB LEAGUE. INTENSIVE CONSULTATIONS HAVE BEEN UNDERWAY FOR SEVERAL WEEKS TO OVERCOME SERIOUS DIFFERENCES OVER ARAB POLICY TOWARD THE IRAQI CRISIS.
  • IRAQ PLANES, THURSDAY Voice of America 21 January 1999 -- U-S MILITARY OFFICIALS SAY IRAQI PLANES STREAKED THROUGH AREAS WHERE IRAQI FLIGHTS ARE BANNED THURSDAY. PENTAGON OFFICIALS SAY IRAQI PILOTS VIOLATED BOTH THE NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN NO-FLY ZONES, BUT NO U-S PLANES WERE NEARBY AND NO SHOTS WERE FIRED.
  • TRANSCRIPT: U.S. PROPOSES REFORMS TO IRAQI "OIL-FOR-FOOD" PROGRAM USIA 20 January 1999 -- The Acting U.S. Representative to the United Nations says the United States has recently advanced several new proposals to the U.N.-administered "oil-for-food" program that could lessen the suffering of the Iraqi people.
  • State Department Briefing -- 19 January 1999 -- IRAQ Iraq Liberation Act/Support for Opposition Groups Enforcement of the No-Fly Zones Secretary's Meeting with Senior Senators on Iraq and Kosovo
  • RAMADAN / IRAQ Voice of America 18 January 1999 -- IN THE MIDDLE EAST, ARABS ARE CELEBRATING THE END OF THE HOLY MONTH OF RAMADAN. THE CELEBRATIONS IN IRAQ ARE OVERSHADOWED BY BAGHDAD'S ON-GOING CRISIS WITH THE UNITED NATIONS AND THE THREAT OF NEW MILITARY STRIKES.
  • PT 1/2, Saddam's Mother of Battles Day Speech Iraq News 18 January 1999 -- Defense analyst, William Arkin, in yesterday's Wash Post, explained that the target of Operation Desert Fox was not so much Iraq's proscribed weapons, but Saddam and his control over Iraq. As Arkin wrote, "National security insiders, blessed with their unprecedented intelligence bonanza from UNSCOM, convinced themselves that bombing Saddam Hussein's internal apparatus would drive the Iraqi leader around the bend. The view that Saddam is desperate, and therefore, evermore is in his corner, in his cage & etc is at odds with the regional perception, which is to see Saddam as bent on something quite dangerous and therefore, someone who must go.
  • PT 2/2, Saddam's Mother of Battles Day Speech Iraq News 18 January 1999 -- SADDAM'S MOTHER OF BATTLES DAY SPEECH, ARAB SATELLITE TV, JAN 16, IRAQI LEADERSHIP REISSUES JAN 14 STATEMENT, IRAQ RADIO, JAN 17
  • IRAQ/WAR ANNIVERSARY Voice of America 17 January 1999 -- IN BAGHDAD, THOUSANDS OF IRAQIS HAVE BEEN DEMONSTRATING IN THE STREETS TO MARK THE EIGHTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE START OF THE GULF WAR. SADDAM HUSSEIN IS CALLING FOR THE CREATION OF A MIDDLE EAST BLOC TO OPPOSE WHAT HE CALLS A WESTERN ALLIANCE LED BY THE UNITED STATES.
  • U-N / RUSSIA / IRAQ Voice of America 15 January 1999 -- RUSSIA IS PROPOSING (FRIDAY) THAT THE UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL ESTABLISH A NEW ARMS CONTROL BODY FOR IRAQ TO REPLACE THE EXISTING U-N WEAPONS INSPECTION COMMISSION, UNSCOM.
  • ANALYSIS OF U-N - IRAQ DEADLOCK Voice of America 15 January 1999 -- DISAGREEMENTS OVER HOW TO DEAL WITH IRAQ HAVE LEFT THE UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL DEEPLY DIVIDED.
  • IRAQ PEACE MARCH Voice of America 15 January 1999 -- A U-S-BASED PEACE GROUP HAS BEGUN A MARCH FROM WASHINGTON TO NEW YORK TO PROTEST THE U-N SANCTIONS AGAINST IRAQ. THE GROUP SAYS THE SANCTIONS SHOULD BE LIFTED TO HELP STOP THE DEATHS OF IRAQI CHILDREN.
  • State Department Briefing -- 15 January 1999 -- As we have observed in the past, Iraq's leadership often attempts to use the sanctions regime as a tool to try to create sympathy for their people; and they misuse their people in this international game. We are familiar with Iraq's immediate reaction to proposals to improve the plight of their people. We, for many years, have tried to improve the plight of their people. Iraq's response is usually, no, they don't want to improve the plight of their people. So this is a familiar pattern.
  • PT 1/2, The Belligerent Statements of the Iraqi Leadership Iraq News 15 January 1999 -- In addition to the articles by Tariq Aziz [four parts so far], several recent statements of the Iraqi leadership have been threatening and bellicose. On the anniversary of the start of the Gulf war, Jan 16/17, Saddam will give another major speech.
  • PT 2/2, The Belligerent Statements of the Iraqi Leadership Iraq News 15 January 1999 -- SADDAM AND SENIOR OFFICIALS MEET, INA, JAN 14 -- SADDAM AND SENIOR OFFICALS MEET, IRAQ RADIO, JAN 12
  • RFE/RL Iraq Report, Volume 2, Number 2 Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 15 January 1999 -- KURDISH SUMMIT REAFFIRMS WASHINGTON AGREEMENT / IRAQI TURKOMANS FEEL EXCLUDED FROM WASHINGTON AGREEMENT / KURDS URGE EXTENSION OF NO-FLY ZONES / FRENCH PROPOSALS ON IRAQ TO FUEL SECURITY COUNCIL'S DEBATE / IRAQ ALSO REJECTS SAUDI INITIATIVE / SADDAM'S 'WAR OF WORDS' OFF TO SLOW START / ARAB PAPER SAYS U.S. BEHIND LEAKS ON UNSCOM ESPIONAGE /
  • Tariq Aziz, Pt 4, Iraq Radio, Jan 14 Iraq News 14 January 1999 -- Here is the fourth episode of [Iraqi Deputy Prime Minister] Tariq 'Aziz's article entitled "Who Should Apologize to Whom?" as published in the newspaper al-Thawrah this morning.
  • ARAB/IRAQ NEGOTIATIONS Voice of America 14 January 1999 -- IN THE MIDDLE EAST, ARAB DIPLOMATIC EFFORTS TO FIND A SOLUTION TO THE IRAQI CRISIS OVER UNITED NATIONS SANCTIONS ARE NEARING DEADLOCK. IRAQ SAYS IT WILL ONLY ACCEPT A SOLUTION IF IT IS DIRECTLY INVOLVED IN NEGOTIATIONS, BUT SAUDI ARABIA HAS INDICATED THAT MEETING WITH IRAQ IS OUT OF THE QUESTION.
  • IRAQ-THURSDAY Voice of America 14 January 1999 -- U-S OFFICIALS SAY AMERICAN WAR PLANES ATTACKED IRAQI AIR DEFENSE SITES IN NORTHERN IRAQ AGAIN THURSDAY MORNING. IT IS NOT YET CLEAR IF ANY DAMAGE WAS DONE ON THE GROUND, BUT ALL U-S PLANES RETURNED SAFELY TO BASE.
  • U-N / U-S / IRAQ Voice of America 14 January 1999 -- THE UNITED STATES PROPOSED TO THE UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL TODAY (THURSDAY) THE LIFTING OF SOME TRADE RESTRICTIONS ON IRAQ. U-S OFFICIALS SAY THE PROCEEDS FROM THE CHANGES MUST BE MONITORED AND USED ONLY FOR MEDICINE AND RELIEF SUPPLIES.
  • Coalition aircraft attack Iraqi SAM sites Air Force News Service 14 January 1999 -- -- An F-16CJ conducting routine enforcement of the northern no-fly zone Jan. 14 fired a high-speed anti-radiation missile at an Iraqi surface-to-air missile and anti-aircraft artillery system that posed a threat to coalition forces in the area. In a separate incident, an F-15E launched an AGM-130 precision-guided missile at a SAM system that threatened coalition forces.
  • U.S. Strikes Twice Linda D. Kozaryn American Forces Press Service 14 January 1999 -- U.S. air forces patrolling the northern no-fly zone struck Iraqi missile sites in two separate incidents Jan. 14. In the first confrontation, a U.S. Air Force F-16CJ fired a high-speed anti-radiation missile at an Iraqi surface-to-air missile and anti-aircraft artillery system. In the second incident, a U.S. F-15E launched a precision- guided missile at an Iraqi surface-to-air system.
  • State Department Briefing -- 14 January 1999 -- Because of Iraqi delays, hundreds of millions of dollars worth of humanitarian supplies are sitting in warehouses in Iraq. One idea, which we are proposing today in New York, is to provide more funds for humanitarian supplies. We would support eliminating the ceiling on funds from oil exports so that those funds can be used solely for humanitarian food and medicine. We would also support reasonable measures to streamline the UN contract approval process, including automatic approval of food and medicine contracts. Let me emphasize, this is not a lifting of sanctions. It is an expansion of the humanitarian program known as the Oil-for-Food program.
  • DoD News Briefing -- Thursday, January 14, 1999 -- There were two separate events this morning. This on the 14th of January. Early in our day on the East Coast of the United States, the first one at about 4:15 a.m. EST, involved a U.S. F-16CJ which was involved in routine enforcement activity over Northern Iraq, fired high speed anti-radiation missile at an Iraqi surface-to-air missile, and anti-aircraft artillery system that posed a threat to coalition forces. That's the first one. The second one was a U.S. F-15E which launched an AGM-130, one of these precision-guided munitions, at a SAM system that was a threat to coalition forces.
  • : WHITE HOUSE DAILY BRIEFING JANUARY 13, 1999 Q: There's now -- we have daily skirmishes now with Iraq. Is the United States effectively at war with Iraq? LOCKHART: No, the United States is continuing to follow a policy they followed since the end of the Gulf War of containing the threat of Saddam Hussein.
  • State Department Briefing -- 13 January 1999 -- Iraq plans to order less food and medicine for the Iraqi people than in previous phases. We also understand that enormous amounts of medicines ordered by Iraq after months of waiting sit undistributed in Ministry of Health warehouses. Iraq has also refused to propose improvements in the food basket the Iraqi people get - that is, the metaphorical food basket - and Iraq has promised for months to order nutritional supplements for vulnerable groups but has failed to do so.
  • U.S. Firm Against Increased Iraqi No-Fly Violations Linda D. Kozaryn American Forces Press Service 13 January 1999 -- U.S. and coalition pilots are operating in a highly charged environment now that Saddam Hussein has stepped up violations of the no-fly zones over Iraq.
  • Coalition aircraft respond to being targeted Air Force News Service 13 January 1999 -- Coalition aircraft responded with air-to-ground missiles Jan. 13 after Iraqi missile batteries "illuminated," or targeted, the airplanes on radar and possibly launched a surface-to-air missile.
  • RUSSIA/U-S/IRAQ Voice of America 13 January 1999 -- THE U-S AND RUSSIAN FOREIGN MINISTERS HAVE DISCUSSED THE POSSIBILITY OF A RENEWED U-N MISSION TO IRAQ. THE DISCUSSIONS FOLLOW REMARKS BY U-S OFFICIALS THAT THEY ARE WILLING TO CONSIDER CHANGES IN THE CURRENTLY SUSPENDED U-N WEAPONS INSPECTION MISSIONIN IRAQ.
  • IRAQ/MEDIATION Voice of America 13 January 1999 -- NEW STATEMENTS FROM BAGHDAD (WEDNESDAY) INDICATE THE IRAQI LEADERSHIP MAY BE BACKING DOWN FROM ITS CONFRONTATIONAL STANCE TOWARDS FELLOW ARAB NATIONS.
  • U-N / IRAQ SANCTIONS Voice of America 13 January 1999 -- FRANCE FORMALLY PROPOSED A PLAN TO THE UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL TODAY (WEDNESDAY) THAT COULD LEAD TO THE GRADUAL LIFTING OF SANCTIONS AGAINST IRAQ.
  • IRAQ-WEDNESDAY Voice of America 13 January 1999 -- AMERICAN WARPLANES ATTACKED SEVERAL IRAQI ANTI-AIRCRAFT SITES WEDNESDAY, HITTING AT LEAST TWO OF THEM. IRAQ PROVOKED THE STRIKES BY FIRING A MISSILE AT THE PLANES PATROLLING IRAQ'S NORTHERN NO-FLY ZONE. THIS IS THE SEVENTH CONFRONTATION BETWEEN ALLIED PLANES AND IRAQI FORCES SINCE DECEMBER'S AIR RAIDS
  • IRAQ / CLASH Voice of America 13 January 1999 -- IRAQ'S MILITARY SAYS ITS AIR DEFENSES HIT A U-S OR BRITISH PLANE OVER IRAQ (WEDNESDAY). A STATEMENT FROM THE IRAQI MILITARY SAID AN IRAQI SURFACE-TO-AIR MISSILE HIT A U-S OR BRITISH PLAN PATROLLING THE NO-FLY ZONE IN NORTHERN IRAQ.
  • PT 1/2, Saudi Arabia, Egypt: Overthrow Saddam Iraq News 13 January 1999 -- ." The vaguely worded "work toward the day when Iraq has a government that respects its people and lives in peace with its neighbors" is Clinton administration-speak for a refusal to implement the "Iraq Liberation Act." Arabs, far more than Americans, are apt to recognize Saddam's vicious and vengeful nature, and the need to get rid of him. Events over the past two weeks have brought that Arab view, at times latent, strongly to the fore.
  • PT 2/2, Saudi Arabia, Egypt: Overthrow Saddam Iraq News 13 January 1999 -- AL JAZIRAH, WAR CRIMES TRIALS FOR SADDAM, SAUDI PRESS AGENCY, OVERTHROW SADDAM, EGYPT'S UPPER HOUSE, SADDAM IS TO BLAME, MENA, AL AKHBAR, SADDAM, THE DESTROYER,
  • Tariq Aziz, PT 3, Iraq Radio, Jan 13 Iraq News 13 January 1999 -- Tariq 'Aziz wrote episode three of an article in al-Thawrah newspaper entitled "Who Should Apologize to Whom."
  • IRAQ TUESDAY Voice of America 12 January 1999 -- A U-S WARPLANE FIRED A MISSILE AT A RADAR STATION IN NORTHERN IRAQ TUESDAY. U-S OFFICIALS SAY THEY DON'T YET KNOW IF THE WEAPON DAMAGED IRAQI AIR DEFENSES. THE U-S PILOT RETURNED SAFELY TO BASE.
  • Tariq Aziz, Pt 2, INA, Jan 11 Iraq News 12 January 1999 -- The newspaper Al-Thawrah, published here today, carries the second part of an article entitled "Who Apologizes for Whom?" by Tariq 'Aziz.
  • IRAQ / ALBRIGHT Voice of America 12 January 1999 -- U-S OFFICIALS SAY THEY ARE WILLING TO DISCUSS CHANGES TO THE U-N WEAPONS INSPECTION MISSION IN IRAQ, BUT THEY SAY, SANCTIONS AGAINST IRAQ MUST STAY IN PLACE UNTIL WEAPONS INSPECTORS ARE ABLE TO DO THEIR JOB.
  • IRAQ / ALBRIGHT Voice of America 12 January 1999 -- U-S OFFICIALS SAY THEY ARE WILLING TO DISCUSS CHANGES TO THE U-N WEAPONS INSPECTION MISSION IN IRAQ, BUT THEY SAY THE INSPECTORS NEED TO FINISH THEIR WORK.
  • IMPEACH BILL CLINTON FOR THE RIGHT REASONS: NOT FOR LEWINSKY, BUT RATHER FOR THE ILLEGAL BOMBING OF IRAQ, AFGHANISTAN AND SUDAN 12 January 1999
  • COALITION LAUNCHES AIR STRIKE United States Central Command January 12, 1999 Release Number: 9901-02 - At approximately 1:30 a.m. EST, today, coalition aircraft flying Operation Southern Watch missions visually detected firing from Iraqi Air Defense sites northwest of Talil, Iraq. These aircraft took evasive action to avoid the threat and were not damaged.
  • Zinni Says Saddam's "Shaken, Desperate" Linda D. Kozaryn American Forces Press Service 12 January 1999 -- Desert Fox has left Saddam Hussein shaken and desperate, according to Marine Corps Gen. Anthony C. Zinni, who headed the December operation. The four-day air campaign did more damage and was far more effective than initially estimated, the U.S. Central Command chief said.
  • Force sends more planes to Persian Gulf American Forces Press Service 12 January 1999 -- -- The United States is sending more planes to the Persian Gulf in response to Saddam Hussein's persistent violations of the no-fly zones over Iraq. Marine Corps Gen. Anthony C. Zinni, U.S. Central Command chief, said he's asked for eight more F-16CJ fighters and four more aerial refueling tankers for Operation Southern Watch.
  • Aircraft fires on Iraqi radar site Air Force News Service 12 January 1999 -- -- In what has become an almost daily occurrence, a coalition aircraft has launched a missile against an Iraqi missile site. At about 11 a.m. Iraqi time Jan. 12, an Air Force F-16CJ fighter conducting routine enforcement of the northern no-fly zone fired a high-speed anti-radiation missile at an Iraqi early warning radar site near the city of Mosul.
  • PENTAGON SAYS NO-FLY ZONE ENVIRONMENT IS "HIGHLY-CHARGED" Susan Ellis USIA 12 January 1999 -- The Pentagon announced January 12 that a U.S. F-16C/J aircraft conducting routine enforcement over northern Iraq had fired a high speed anti-radiation missile (HARM) at an Iraqi early-warning radar which was operating as part of an integrated Iraqi surface-to-air missile (SAM) system.
  • DoD News Briefing, January 12, 1999 -- Q: In in all of the recent instances in which U.S. planes have fired weapons, they've been either actively targeted, or they were fired on by missiles. Was that the case in this incident? And if not, has there been any change in the rules of engagement for U.S. and British planes patrolling the no-fly zones? A: Well, Jamie, I think as you know, we don't talk about rules of engagement. What's changed in the last several weeks is a decision, evidently, on the part of Saddam Hussein to challenge the no-fly zones.
  • IRAQ: 'UNSCOM DISCREDITED,' BUT IRAQ MUST BE DISARMED USIS Foreign Media Reaction Report -- January 12, 1999 -- The escalating tension over Iraq continued to dominate headlines and editorial pages in the Middle East and elsewhere. Most editorialists zeroed in on last week's charges that UNSCOM "abetted a U.S. spy effort," with many concluding that "UNSCOM is dead" and worrying that the allegations "put the UN's credibility as an independent organization at stake." One observer curtly asserted, "This development not only undermined the UN's credibility but has also strengthened the smaller nations' perception that the world body has been reduced to a subsidiary of the U.S. State Department."
  • TEXT: BUTLER'S SPEECH AT CARNEGIE NON-PROLIFERATION CONF. USIA 11 January 1999 -- UNSCOM chief says Iraq has raised grave challenges to UNSC.
  • UNSCOM'S BUTLER SAYS INSPECTIONS WERE NOT USED FOR SPYING William B. Reinckens USIA 11 January 1999 -- Richard Butler, Chairman of UNSCOM (United Nations Special Commission), repeated his denial January 11 that UNSCOM's weapons inspections programs for Iraq were used for spying.
  • Northern Watch aircraft again respond to Iraqi threats Air Force News Service 11 January 1999 -- -- Coalition aircraft have once more attacked an Iraqi missile site after being targeted by the country's radar. The latest incident occurred at about 2:45 a.m. EST Jan. 11 as coalition aircraft conducted routine enforcement of the northern no-fly zone.
  • Iraq Threatens Kuwait Iraq News 11 January 1999 -- It is doubtful that Iraq's continued escalation of this confrontation is driven by desperation and/or extreme weakness. It seems part of a plan. Moreover, given Saddam's vengeful and vicious nature and the nature of the proscribed unconventional weapons he retains, it would only be prudent to consider other explanations, besides desperation, of what Iraq might be doing.
  • EDITORIAL: REPRESSION IN SOUTHERN IRAQ Voice of America 11 January 1999 -- THERE HAVE BEEN REPORTS OF MASS ARRESTS THROUGHOUT SOUTHERN IRAQ AND IN THE SHI'A SUBURBS OF BAGHDAD. AND HUNDREDS OF SUMMARY EXECUTIONS HAVE BEEN REPORTED IN THE CITIES OF BASRA AND AMARA AND AT RADWANIYAN PRISON.
  • RUSSIA/IRAQ Voice of America 11 January 1999 -- RUSSIA IS CALLING ON THE UNITED NATIONS SECRETARY GENERAL TO INVESTIGATE REPORTS THAT U-N WEAPONS INSPECTORS IN IRAQ SPIED FOR THE UNITED STATES.
  • U-S / IRAQ Voice of America 11 January 1999 -- U-S OFFICIALS SAY THEY HAVE CREDIBLE REPORTS THAT THE INCREASINGLY ISOLATED IRAQI GOVERNMENT OF PRESIDENT SADDAM HUSSEIN HAS KILLED NEARLY 500 MILITARY OFFICERS AND CIVILIAN OPPONENTS IN THE PAST TWO MONTHS.
  • U-S OPINION ROUNDUP: U-S AND UNSCOM Voice of America 11 January 1999 -- UNITED STATES OFFICIALS ACKNOWLEDGED LAST WEEK THAT THEY GARNERED INTELLIGENCE ON IRAQ FROM UNITED NATIONS ARMS INSPECTORS. THE U-S ALSO ADMITTED IT PROVIDED SATELLITE INTELLIGENCE TO MEMBERS OF THE U-N INSPECTION TEAM KNOWN AS UNSCOM.
  • KUWAIT / IRAQ Voice of America 11 January 1999 -- ( TENSION IS RISING AS IRAQ AND ITS GULF NEIGHBORS EXCHANGE THREATS AND CONDEMNATIONS. KUWAIT HAS STEPPED UP ITS MILITARY READINESS IN CASE OF AN IRAQI ATTACK.
  • State Department Briefing -- 11 January 1999 -- US strongly believes UNSCOM has done an enormous service to the world. UN sanctions can be lifted only when Iraq disarms. US has always been open to ideas to improve inspection regime. Reports of Iraqi planned disavowal of its border with Kuwait are extremely disturbing. US is determined to work with its friends at UN and in region to assist Iraqi people. War of words with other Arab governments a sign of increasing Iraqi isolation. Reports that 25 Iraqi officers were executed have surfaced since mid-December. Opposition sources say 63 additional civilians have been executed in past two months. US welcomes productive meeting of two Iraqi Kurdish leaders on January 8, and their agreement to share revenues. Proposed isbursement of funds in Iraq Liberation Act will be reported to Congress. US sees no need to investigate UNSCOM. UNSCOM's mission remains extremely important, and the best method to disarm Iraq. US uses elaborate national technical means to monitor Iraq. US is determined to enforce the no-fly zones.
  • IRAQ U-S PLANES Voice of America 11 January 1999 -- U-S WARPLANES FIRED AT IRAQI ANTI-AIRCRAFT SITES MONDAY. U-S OFFICIALS SAY IRAQI SOLDIERS THREATENED U-S PLANES BY POINTING MISSILE RADARS AT THEM. U-S OFFICIALS SAY THEY ARE NOT YET SURE IF THE AMERICAN WEAPONS HIT THEIR TARGETS.
  • COHEN IRAQ Voice of America 11 January 1999 -- U-S DEFENSE SECRETARY WILLIAM COHEN SAYS AMERICAN FORCES REMAIN PREPARED TO RESPOND, IF IRAQ MOVES AGAINST ITS NEIGHBORS. MR. COHEN WAS REACTING TO A RESOLUTION APPROVED SUNDAY BY IRAQI LAWMAKERS THAT BLAMES KUWAIT AND SAUDI ARABIA FOR LAST MONTH'S U-S AND BRITISH AIR ATTACKS ON IRAQ.
  • BUTLER/UNSCOM Voice of America 11 January 1999 -- CHIEF UNITED NATIONS WEAPONS INSPECTOR RICHARD BUTLER INSISTED TODAY (MONDAY) THAT THE IRAQ INSPECTION PROGRAM IS NOT DEAD AND SAID HE WILL NOT RESIGN HIS POST. HE REPEATED HIS DENIAL THAT THE WEAPONS PROGRAM WAS USED FOR SPYING.
  • IRAQ/PARLIAMENT Voice of America 10 January 1999 -- IN IRAQ, A SPECIAL SESSION OF PARLIAMENT PASSED A VAGUELY-WORDED STATEMENT SUNDAY CRITICIZING THE UNITED NATIONS AND SOME ARAB STATES. THE STATEMENT WAS FAR MILDER THAN EARLIER DRAFTS WHICH HAD VOWED TO REJECT ALL U-N SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTIONS PASSED SINCE THE GULF WAR.
  • IRAQ/PARLIAMENT Voice of America 09 January 1999 -- IN BAGHDAD, IRAQ'S PARLIAMENT MET FOR A SPECIAL SESSION SATURDAY. IRAQI LAWMAKERS URGED THE GOVERNMENT TO CONTINUE TO DEFY NO-FLY ZONES AND TO REJECT ALL U-N SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTIONS.
  • DESERT FOX TOLL Voice of America 08 January 1999 -- TOP U-S GENERALS SAY DECEMBER'S "DESERT FOX" AIR RAIDS KILLED UP TO TWO THOUSAND ELITE IRAQI TROOPS, AS WELL AS SOME KEYOFFICIALS.
  • IRAQ/SADDAM Voice of America 08 January 1999 -- U-S OFFICIALS SAY THERE ARE GROWING SIGNS THAT SADDAM HUSSEIN'S GRIP ON POWER IN IRAQ HAS BEEN WEAKENED, IN PART AS A RESULT OF LAST MONTH'S AMERICAN AND BRITISH AIRSTRIKES.
  • U-N / U-S / UNSCOM Voice of America 08 January 1999 -- U-N WEAPONS INSPECTION CHIEF RICHARD BUTLER SAYS (FRIDAY) REPORTS THAT HIS COMMISSION KNOWINGLY HELPED THE UNITED STATES SPY ON IRAQ ARE FALSE.
  • U.S. planes respond to Iraq again American Forces Press Service 08 January 1999 -- In the fourth strike against Iraqi targets in 11 days, U.S. air forces in the northern no-fly zone over Iraq fired upon an Iraqi mobile missile system. Defense officials said a U.S. Air Force F-16CJ and an accompanying Marine Corps EA-6B picked up radar signals from a Roland mobile missile-system at about 3 a.m. EST Jan. 7. The F-16CJ launched a high-speed, anti-radiation missile at the radar and then left the area.
  • Desert Fox damage greater than expected Air Force News Service 08 January 1999 -- Missile and bomb damage inflicted upon Iraqi forces during Operation Desert Fox was greater than expected, according to the commander of U.S. Central Command.
  • TRANSCRIPT: ZINNI BRIEFING ON OPERATION DESERT FOX USIA 08 January 1999 -- The US Marine in overall command of US forces in the Persian Gulf says that the Operation Desert Fox air strikes did substantially more damage to Iraq's missile production capability and inflicted more casualties in key Iraqi military units than initially estimated.
  • ZINNI: ESTIMATES OF "DESERT FOX" EFFECTIVENESS REVISED UPWARD By Jacquelyn S. Porth USIA 08 January 1999 -- Recent analysis has shown that the U.S.-British "Operation Desert Fox" mission against Iraq's military infrastructure in December was so effective that the time estimate for repair has now been increased from one to two years, says the U.S. military commander responsible for the Gulf region.
  • RFE/RL Iraq Report, Volume 2, Number 1 Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 8 January 1999 -- IRAQ SEEKS TO RALLY ARABS AGAINST THE WEST / ARAB GOVERNMENTS DIVIDED ON HOW TO RESPOND / SADDAM OFFERS BIN LADEN LEADER A NEW HOME / DESERT FOX OPERATION MAY DIM RUSSIA'S FINANCIAL OUTLOOK / IRAQI KURDS TO LAUNCH NEW TELEVISION STATION / OCALAN APPEALS TO BARZANI, TALABANI / AL-HAKIM SAYS SCIRI NOT "POLITICAL."
  • DAILY PRESS BRIEFING OF OFFICE OF SPOKESMAN FOR SECRETARY-GENERAL 8 January 1999 -- "We have said from the beginning that we have no evidence, no access to confidential information, based on intelligence sources, on the 38th floor. We got wind of this information that the United States was piggy-backing on UNSCOM for intelligence purposes from journalists."
  • DAILY PRESS BRIEFING OF OFFICE OF SPOKESMAN FOR SECRETARY-GENERAL 7 January 1999 --- Another correspondent asked about the Secretary-General's reaction to today's newspaper reports that Washington seemed to have changed its tune and was now saying it had used UNSCOM for spying and intelligence gathering and had put people in there to help UNSCOM, and in turn, to receive information from it.
  • U.S. LAUNCHES AIR MISSILE AGAINST THREATENING IRAQI RADAR SITE Jacquelyn S. Porth USIA 07 January 1999 -- A U.S. Air Force jet fired on a threatening Iraqi surface-to-air missile (SAM) radar site January 7 inside Iraq's northern no-fly zone in the fourth incident in only 10 days of increasingly frequent military air skirmishes that have followed "Operation Desert Fox."
  • CENTCOM CHIEF ON GOALS, RESULTS OF OPERATION DESERT FOX Rick Marshall USIA 07 January 1999 -- The United States has begun to see evidence of internal unrest in Iraq, the commander-in-chief of the United States Central Command, General Anthony Zinni, said at a Foreign Press Center briefing.
  • Strikes damage more than expected, Shelton says Air Force News Service 07 January 1999 -- U.S. strikes against Iraqi military targets in December during Operation Desert Fox did more damage than defense officials first thought.
  • INC Report on Iraqi Losses During "Desert Fox" Iraq News 07 January 1999 -- Iraqi Broadcasting Corporation (An affiliate of the Iraqi National Congress) Details of the losses inflicted on Saddam's regime during Operation "Desert Fox"Arbil, Iraq- January 7, 1999. IBC has managed to obtain important and accurate details about the damages inflicted on the regime by the recent British and American military strikes known as Operation "Desert Fox" through its wide network of correspondents distributed throughout Iraq.
  • U.S. confronts frustrated Hussein American Forces Press Service 07 January 1999 --In the aftermath of Operation Desert Fox, Saddam Hussein is venting his frustration by challenging coalition forces patrolling U.N.-mandated no-fly zones, Pentagon officials say.
  • Northern Watch aircraft respond against Iraqi missile site Air Force News Service 07 January 1999 -- Coalition aircraft have again struck a Iraqi surface-to-air missile site, this time after ground radar illuminated the fighters passing near by.
  • IRAQ / U-S PLANE Voice of America 07 January 1999 -- A U-S FIGHTER PLANE FIRED A MISSILE AT AN IRAQI AIR DEFENSE SITE IN NORTHERN IRAQ THURSDAY, AFTER BEING TARGETED BY RADAR. U-S OFFICIALS SAY U-S PLANES PROBABLY HIT THE RADAR BEFORE RETURNING SAFELY BASE.
  • SADDAM ACTIONS Voice of America 07 January 1999 -- IRAQI PRESIDENT SADDAM HUSSEIN HAS BEGUN LASHING OUT AGAINST U-S AND BRITISH FLIGHTS OVER IRAQ -- AGAINST ARAB NEIGHBORS, AGAINST THE "NO-FLY" ZONES IMPOSED ON IRAQ AFTER THE GULF WAR, AND EVEN AGAINST U-N SPONSORED LANDMINE-CLEARING OPERATIONS. ARE THESE THE ACTIONS OF A LEADER STRENGTHENED OR WEAKENED BY THE U-S AND BRITISH AIRSTRIKES LAST MONTH?
  • U-N / IRAQ / UNSCOM Voice of America 07 January 1999 -- THERE ARE SIGNS OF GROWING CONCERN AT THE UNITED NATIONS (THURSDAY) ABOUT CONTINUING REPORTS THAT THE U-N WEAPONS INSPECTION COMMISSION, UNSCOM, HELPED THE UNITED STATES SPY ON IRAQ.
  • ARAB / SADDAM REACTION Voice of America 07 January 1999 -- ARAB MEDIA IN THE MIDDLE EAST ARE REJECTING A CALL BY IRAQI PRESIDENT SADDAM HUSSEIN TO SUPPORT HIS CONFRONTATION WITH THE UNITED NATIONS.
  • Strike Four: Iraq's At It Again Linda D. Kozaryn American Forces Press Service 07 January 1999 -- In the fourth strike against Iraqi targets in 11 days, U.S. air forces in the northern no-fly zone over Iraq fired upon an Iraqi mobile missile system.
  • DoD News Briefing Thursday, January 7, 1999 -- There were two violations of the southern no-fly zone this morning. One last seven minutes. One lasted four minutes. These basically were performed by two MIG-21s who darted into the no-fly zone for a very brief period of time and at a time when U.S. aircraft were not in the area. So, as I say, it was timid, cheat and retreat.
    Q: Over the last two days, various news accounts have charged that the United States has intelligence officers among the UNSCOM inspectors. My question is are any of the UNSCOM inspectors on the Pentagon's payroll, and are any of them on the Defense Intelligence Agency payroll? Or the CIA for that matter, since I can't ask at the CIA briefing since they don't have briefings.
  • The Situation in Iraq Gen. Anthony Zinni, USMC,Commander, U.S. Central Command, January 7, 1999 -- The damage to the weapons-of-mass-destruction industrial targets that we hit, our ability to degrade certain capabilities that we were after, we feel we've achieved a very high degree of success. Also our objectives in this mission were obviously to minimize any civilian casualties. We're again very pleased that we have seen that this has been minimal, and we have not seen any significant civilian casualties.
  • U.S.-IRAQ: 'SADDAM INCREASES PRESSURE' USIS Foreign Media Reaction Report -- January 7, 1999 -- As Iraq tests the pressure points of the international front arrayed against it, by challenging the no-fly zones, refusing to cooperate with weapons inspections and exploiting UNSC differences over maintaining sanctions against it, foreign observers concluded that "the resolve to remove Saddam [Hussein] has hardened." And yet, many of these writers worried that the world appears to have no new ideas for dealing with Iraq.
  • State Department Briefing -- 07 January 1999 -- The effort by UNSCOM to uncover not only Iraq's weapons of mass destruction programs, but to penetrate through the concealment mechanism that Iraq has erected to prevent UNSCOM from doing its work, is wholly legitimate. The United States has aided UNSCOM in its efforts to uncover Iraq's weapons of mass destruction in accordance with our international obligations under Security Council resolutions. The Iraqi concealment mechanism, the structures and the personnel that the Iraqis employ to thwart UNSCOM, to disguise its weapons of mass destruction programs, are similar to or identical with the structures and personnel which play a security role in Iraq on behalf of Saddam Hussein and his regime. UNSCOM certainly has one of the most difficult tasks in the history of the United Nations, which is disarming a non-cooperative member nation, Iraq, of its hidden arsenal of weapons of mass destruction. The United States did not work with anyone in UNSCOM to collect information specifically for the purpose of undermining the Iraqi regime.
  • State Department Briefing -- 06 January 1999 -- American support was specifically tailored to facilitate UNSCOM -- the UN inspectors' - mission, and for no other purpose, and was done at the direct request of the UN Special Commission. Intelligence cooperation with UNSCOM by the United States and other countries was intended to assist the UN and member states in assessing Iraqi compliance with UN resolutions, and the status of the programs that were the targets of UNSCOM's work. The United States has been helping with intelligence and logistical support of UNSCOM, to try to get to the bottom of the concealment mechanism which operates primarily through the special Republican Guard units of the leadership, to hide its weapons of mass destruction. The support we provided was - listen to the words carefully - specifically tailored to facilitate UNSCOM's mission and was done at the direct request of UNSCOM and for no other purpose. Anybody who's shocked - shocked -- that people who go into Iraq come out hopefully better understanding the Iraqi regime, I think are naïve in the extreme. The United States, like every government, obtains information, analysis, judgments, wherever it can. That's the way governments do business. Anybody who finds that fascinating, it strikes me, is quite ignorant of the way of the world.
  • U.S. Confronts Frustrated Hussein Linda D. Kozaryn American Forces Press Service 06 January 1999 -- Saddam Hussein, in the aftermath of Operation Desert Fox, is venting his frustration by challenging coalition forces patrolling U.N.-mandated no-fly zones, Pentagon officials say.
  • Strikes Damaged More than Expected, Shelton Says Linda D. Kozaryn American Forces Press Service 06 January 1999 - U.S. strikes against Iraqi military targets last month during Operation Desert Fox did more damage than defense officials first thought.
  • EDITORIAL: REPRESSION IN SOUTHERN IRAQ Voice of America 06 January 1999 -- THE KILLING CONTINUES IN IRAQ. THE VICTIMS OF SADDAM HUSSEIN'S REPRESSION INCLUDE ETHNIC KURDS IN THE NORTH AND SHI'A MUSLIMS IN THE SOUTH.
  • Iraq & the Arabs Iraq News 06 January 1999 -- Over the holidays, both the crises and defiance continued, and even grew. Why does Saddam do this? This situation is reminiscent of the period Jan-Aug 90, when Saddam began stirring tensions with the US, UK, Israel, and finally Kuwait. With each incident, an ad hoc explanation was offered and generally accepted--Saddam was worried that the US was seeking to overthrow him; he was worried that Israel was going to bomb him; Kuwait really was overproducing oil and depriving Iraq of revenue & etc. Of course, it all became clear after Aug 2, 1990. The same sort of thing seems to be happening now. Every time Saddam makes a move, an ad hoc explanation-and one not too troubling for the administration--is produced.
  • IRAQ / U-S REACT Voice of America 06 January 1999 -- THE UNITED STATES HAS DENIED NEWS REPORTS THAT U-N WEAPONS INSPECTORS PROVIDED THE U-S WITH INTELLIGENCE INFORMATION TO HELP UNDERMINE THE IRAQI GOVERNMENT.
  • TEXT: UN SECRETARY-GENERAL'S STATEMENT USIA 06 January 1999 -- UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan issued a statement January 6 in which he denied allegations of having evidence that UN inspectors helped the United States collect intelligence used in alleged American efforts to undermine the Iraqi regime.
  • DAILY PRESS BRIEFING OF OFFICE OF SPOKESMAN FOR SECRETARY-GENERAL 6 January 1999 - The story in The Washington Post today stating that the Secretary-General was suspicious that the United Nations Special Commission (UNSCOM) had assisted United States intelligence efforts in Iraq. "We not only have no convincing evidence of these allegations, we have no evidence of any kind; we have only rumours", the Spokesman said. Neither the Secretary-General nor any member of his staff had access to classified United States intelligence, although UNSCOM does. UNSCOM had said that it had consulted with intelligence agencies -- not just of those two Governments -- but of a number of Governments as part of its efforts to "break the back of this job that should have been completed in three to six months, and instead has gone on for eight years", he said.
  • SECRETARY-GENERAL REPLIES TO 'WASHINGTON POST' STORY ON UNSCOM ASSISTING UNITED STATES INTELLIGENCE EFFORTS IN IRAQ 6 January 1999 Press Release SG/SM/6858 / IK/270 -- Kofi Annan Rejects Characterization of His State of Mind By 'So-Called Confidants' That He Is 'Convinced of Things', 'Aware of Facts'
  • COALITION AIRCRAFT ENGAGE IRAQI AIRCRAFT United States Central Command January 5, 1999 Release Number: 9901 - 01 - At approximately 2:15 am. EST, today, coalition aircraft flying Operation Southern Watch missions fired air-to-air missiles against Iraqi aircraft operating south of the 33rd parallel in the no-fly zone over Southern Iraq.
  • IRAQ'S CHALLENGE TO NO-FLY ZONE BECOMES "MORE AGGRESSIVE" Jacquelyn S. Porth USIA 05 January 1999 -- Iraqi violations of the UN designated no-fly zones have become "more aggressive" in recent weeks, according to Pentagon spokesman Ken Bacon, as U.S. and British air forces have continued to demonstrate their willingness to go after Iraqi planes that fly into those zones.
  • IRAQ WANTS UN TO REPLACE US, BRITISH STAFF By Judy Aita USIA 05 January 1999 -- Iraq asked the United Nations January 4 to replace American and British employees saying that it could not guarantee their safety.
  • U-N / ANNAN / UNSCOM 05 January 1999 -- UNITED NATIONS SECRETARY-GENERAL KOFI ANNAN IS DENYING REPORTS THAT HE HAS RECEIVED CONVINCING EVIDENCE THAT THE U-N WEAPONS INSPECTION COMMISSION, UNSCOM, HAS VIOLATED ITS MANDATE CONCERNING IRAQ.
  • Coalition fighters fire at Iraqi aircraft Air Force News Service Released: 5 Jan 1999 -- Coalition and Iraqi forces have clashed once again, this time in the skies over the southern part of the country.
  • Space Support Teams aid Desert Fox B-1B missions Air Force News Service 05 January 1999 -- An Air Force Space Support Team helped B-1B crews put bombs on target during Operation Desert Fox.
  • U-S IRAQ ATTACK Voice of America 05 January 1999 -- AMERICAN AND IRAQI PLANES HAVE CLASHED OVER SOUTHERN IRAQ, AND U-S OFFICIALS SAY AND ONE IRAQI PLANE MAY HAVE BEEN SHOT DOWN. V-O-A PENTAGON CORRESPONDENT THIS IS THE FIRST TIME U-S AND IRAQI WARPLANES HAVE FIRED AT EACH OTHER SINCE 1992.
  • IRAQ-ATTACKS-TUESDAY Voice of America 05 January 1999 -- A CLASH BETWEEN U-S AND IRAQI PLANES DESTROYED ONE IRAQI AIRCRAFT TUESDAY. U-S OFFICIALS SAY THE AMERICAN PLANES FIRED MISSILES AT SOME IRAQI JETS, BUT MAY HAVE MISSED THEIR TARGETS.
  • IRAQ CLASH Voice of America 05 January 1999 -- U-S OFFICIALS SAY U-S WARPLANES HAVE FIRED ON IRAQI PLANES IN THE SO-CALLED NO-FLY ZONE OVER SOUTHERN IRAQ, AND ONE OF THE IRAQI PLANES MAY HAVE CRASHED.
  • U-N / IRAQ / RELIEF WORKERS Voice of America 05 January 1999 -- THE UNITED NATIONS IS (TUESDAY) REJECTING BAGHDAD'S REQUEST THAT IT WITHDRAW U-S AND BRITISH RELIEF WORKERS FROM IRAQ. IRAQ SAYS IT CANNOT GUARANTEE THE SAFETY OF THE WORKERS FOLLOWING U-S AND BRITISH AIR-STRIKES LAST MONTH.
  • State Department Briefing -- 05 January 1999 -- QUESTION: The Russians are about to put a proposal on the table at the UN, which, among other things, envisions a much larger role of the Secretary General at the expense of UNSCOM and takes some shots at Mr. Butler. The French are talking about import controls as a substitute for the oil embargo.
  • U.S.-IRAQ: 'MORE TENSION AND CONFLICT LOOM ON THE HORIZON' USIS Foreign Media Reaction Report -- January 5, 1999 -- The ongoing tension between the U.S. and Iraq has continued to draw editorial comment from practically all regions over the past few days. Most editorial writers expressed a distinct preference for dealing with Iraq in other than military terms. A majority of these writers questioned the effectiveness of U.S.-UK air strikes against Baghdad.
  • Department of State Daily Press Briefing JANUARY 4, 1999 - IRAQ Reports Iraqi Planes Violating the No-Fly Zone Near Kuwait Border / Iraqi Procedures for Visas for UN Humanitarian Workers / Status of Iraq's Weapons of Mass Destruction Program / Prospects for Lifting of Sanctions/Status of Oil for Food Program / US Assistance for Iraqi Opposition / Situation Update in Iraq/Reports of Repression of Kurdish Population / US Position on Enforcement of the No-Fly Zones / No-Drive Zone in Southern Iraq
  • Desert Fox Online By William M. Arkin washingtonpost.com Monday, Jan. 4, 1999 -- Good navigation is why the Yahoo! and other multi-source specialized portals such as the Federation of American Scientists mega-site continue to flourish.




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