Eastern Military District - History
Eastern Military District (VVO) is the assignee of the famous Red Banner Far Eastern Military District, the date of creation of which is usually considered July 31, 1918. On that day, the first military units of the Soviet state in the Far East won a victory at the Kaul heights in the area of Shmakovka and Spassk in Primorye.
Celebratory events dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the Eastern Military District were held on August 4-5 in the capital of the Khabarovsk Territory. During the celebration of the district's education day, an exhibition of military equipment of the times of the Great Patriotic War and modern models deployed by the troops of the district was deployed in the city. A theatrical performance "100 years guarding the eastern borders of Russia" was held, flights of military and light motor aviation were held. At the ceremonies, veterans who served in the district were invited.
Colonel-General Alexander Zhuravlev, commander of the troops of the Eastern Military District, Hero of Russia, addressed the staff. "The history of our district is the brave and audacious campaigns of Russian explorers, it is the selfless and hard work of soldiers and officers of the Amur Military District for the development of the Russian Far East," he said. "Our history was written by the faithful sons of their Motherland, honest and selfless patriots, staunch and courageous defenders of the farthest frontiers of our Motherland. We are proud of generals, officers and soldiers who have multiplied the glory of the Far Eastern warriors in the military and post-war years, in peaceful everyday life and in the course of military operations in the territory of near and far abroad. Today our servicemen with their military affairs convincingly prove the fidelity to the glorious traditions of the soldiers, the military duty and the military oath. The history of the Central Military District was written by the faithful sons of their Motherland, staunch and courageous defenders of the most distant frontiers of our Russia."
Until the mid-XIX century, the Far East and Trans-Baikal region were part of the East Siberian governor-generalship. In 1884 he was created Amur Governor-General (with the center in Khabarovsk), within which until 1918 was located Amur Military District (IN).
February 16, 1918 in the city of Khabarovsk was established regional commissariat of the Red Army - the first central body control of the armed forces of the Far East. After the outbreak of open military intervention against the Russian Far East and Far North, in accordance with the Decree of the Council of People's Commissars (SNK) of 4 May 1918 within the boundaries of the Amur, Primorye and Kamchatka regions and on. Sakhalin was established by the East Siberian Military District (with control in Khabarovsk).
From September 1918 to March 1920 the armed struggle against the US-Japanese invaders fought mainly in the form of guerrilla warfare. In February 1920, by the decision of the Central Committee of the RCP (b) of the CPC of the RSFSR and was created a buffer state - Far Eastern Republic (FER) and organized its People's Revolutionary Army (NRA) on the model of the Red Army.
November 14, 1922, after the liberation of Khabarovsk and Vladivostok, the DDA has been dissolved and formed the Far Eastern region. In this regard, the NRA was renamed the 5th Red Banner Army (with headquarters in Chita) and then (in June 1924) was abolished. All troops and military facilities located in the Far East, on the orders of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic became part of the Siberian Military District.
In January 1926, instead of the Far Eastern region was formed by the Far Eastern Territory. In July and August 1929, Chinese troops attacked the CER, began armed provocations on the border, the attack on the Soviet border outposts. August 6, 1929 for the Defense of Primorye, Khabarovsk and Baikal order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR the Special Far Eastern Army (Odwan). For the successful execution of combat missions, valor and courage in the soldiers and commanders in the defense of the Soviet Far Eastern borders, Odwan in January 1930, she was awarded the Order of the Red Banner and was renamed the Special Far Eastern Army (OKDVA).
In 1931, of the troops stationed in the Primorye Territory, was established Maritime Group. In the spring of 1932 was organized by a group of Trans-Baikal. In mid-May 1935 on the basis of the control of Trans-Baikal military force OKDVA was formed Trans-Baikal Military District (ZabVO). February 22, 1937 institutionalize the Far East Air Force.
In view of the increased threat of attack by Japan OKDVA July 1, 1938 was converted to the Far Eastern Front (DVF). In July and August of 1938 was a military conflict at Lake Khasan. Participated in combat operations and units of the 39th Infantry Corps. After the events at the lake. Hasan management DVF in August 1938 and was disbanded created directly responsible NKO 1st Separate Red Army (OKA) (headquartered in Ussuriysk) and 2nd Separate Red Army (with headquarters in Khabarovsk), and Army Group North . On the territory of the Mongolian People's Republic (MPR) was deployed special 57th Rifle Corps.
In May and August 1939, the troops of the Far East took part in the battle at the river Halkin-Gol. In June 1940, it was created DVF field control. At the end of June 1941 the Front's troops were put on high alert and started building in the border zone of deep, mnogoeshelonirovannoy defense. By October 1, 1941 on the main enemy lines available for the construction of a field of defense has been completed on all operational depth. In 1941-1942., In the period of greatest threat of attack by the Japanese, and the connection of the first tier of the front took their defense areas. At night, 50% were on duty personnel.
April 5, 1945 the Soviet government denounced the neutrality pact with Japan. July 28, 1945 ultimatum to the United States, Britain and China to surrender was rejected by the Japanese government. By this time in the Far East ended with the deployment of the three fronts: the 1st and 2nd Far East and Trans-Baikal. To participate in the operation of the forces involved Pacific Fleet, Red Banner Amur Flotilla, border troops and troops of air defense (AD).
August 8, 1945 issued a statement of the Soviet government to declare a state of war against Japan on August 9. On the night of August 9, the Soviet troops went on the offensive. At 17:00 on August 17 command of the Kwantung Army of Japan gave his troops the order to surrender. On the morning of August 19 was a mass surrender of Japanese soldiers taken prisoner.
In September and October 1945 in the Far East was established three military districts: on the basis of the Trans-Baikal Front - the Trans-Baikal-Amur Military District, based on the 1st DVF - Maritime Military District (PrimVO), on the basis of the 2nd DVF - Far Military District (FED). In May 1947, on the basis of the Trans-Baikal-Amur control VO was formed Management Command troops of the Far East with the subordination to him, Far East, PrimVO, ZabVO (converted from the Trans-Baikal-Amur IN), the Pacific Fleet and the Amur Flotilla.
April 23, 1953 FEB reorganized, forming a new district administration on the basis of management Chief of the Soviet forces in the Far East (with headquarters in Khabarovsk). June 17, 1967 the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR adopted a resolution on the transfer of FED on the continuity of the Order of the Red Banner Far Eastern Army of the former. August 10, 1967 in Khabarovsk, the order was attached to Combat Banner County.
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