China's Marine Survey Vessels
China's marine scientific research member ships are distributed in 8 coastal large and medium-sized cities such as Shanghai, Qingdao and Guangzhou. They are responsible for regional services covering China's sea areas, and have completed more than 200 special projects, public welfare projects, 863 programs, polar expeditions, and manned deep dive.
According to the official website of the National Ocean Survey Fleet, as of May 2015, the fleet had a total of 38 member ships. These member ships are mainly distributed in large and medium-sized coastal cities, including 2 in Dalian, 12 in Qingdao, 8 in Shanghai, and 2 in Zhoushan. 2 ships in Ningbo, 1 in Wenzhou, 3 in Xiamen and 8 in Guangzhou. With the launch of "Xiangyanghong 3", another national survey vessel was added to the survey vessel. The national marine survey fleet mainly included "Dayang No.1", "Snow Dragon", "Practice", "Chinese Archaeology 01", "Nan Feng", "Beidou", "Experiment No. 1", "Experiment No. 3", 39 ships such as “Haizhong”, “Science No.1”, “Science No.3”, “Dongfanghong 2” and “Xiangyanghong” series.
In the field of civil marine surveys in China, the National Ocean Investigation Fleet has begun to take shape. As of July 2016, the fleet had a total of 46 member ships. These member ships are mainly distributed in large and medium-sized coastal cities, including 2 in Dalian, 19 in Qingdao, 8 in Shanghai, 2 in Zhoushan, 2 in Ningbo, and 1 in Wenzhou. There are 4 ships in Xiamen and 8 ships in Guangzhou, which mainly include Xiangyanghong series, scientific series, test series and so on.
In recent years, many marine survey vessels in China have been waiting for tasks, and they are in standby state all the year round. By 2017 there were more than 50 in-service marine survey vessels in China, and about 10 marine survey vessels being designed or constructed, belonging to the National Oceanic Administration and the Ministry of Education, under the background of "accelerating the construction of a maritime power". At the "2017 Marine Science Research Vessel Technology Summit Forum" held in Shanghai, some experts said that with the implementation of the "One Belt, One Road" initiative, it is necessary to meet the normalization, operation and extensive marine survey of global ocean surveys. The demand for international cooperation is far from enough for the number and function of ships in ocean-going survey vessels. Of the 50 vessels of the National Ocean Survey Fleet, 24 were ocean-going survey vessels, 8 of which were built in the 1960s, 1970s and early 1980s. From 1984 to 2005, China only built four ships, including a modified polar icebreaker.
The main problem is that the workload between the ships is not balanced, the offshore survey ship basically had "not enough to eat", and the ocean-going survey of the ship's ship mission were "queued" in the short term. In 2012, China's various sea-related departments jointly built the first national shared marine survey platform, the National Ocean Survey Fleet, which is called the “national team” of survey ships.
In just 5 years, the number of vessels joining the fleet has increased from 18 to 50, and 20 vessels have been built in 10 years. It is worth mentioning that this is not a complete statistic. The six ships of the China Geological Survey and the “Exploration No. 1” modified by the Institute of Deep Sea Science and Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences did not join the fleet.
According to the data, by 2017 the number of newly built and under construction scientific research vessels used for marine surveys in China ranks first in the world. The marine survey vessel being designed or constructed includes the first Polar Scientific Icebreaker “Snow Dragon 2” built by itself, the new generation of large marine comprehensive scientific research vessel of Sun Yat-sen University, and the third ocean drilling ship, respectively belonging to the State Oceanic Administration. Sun Yat-sen University, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology.
In February 2015, 7 departments including the State Oceanic Administration and the National Development and Reform Commission issued the “Guiding Opinions on Strengthening Marine Surveys” (referred to as “Guidance Opinions”), which is considered to be the current top level of China’s marine survey. design. The Guiding Opinions proposed that national and local marine administrative departments should organize the preparation of marine survey plans.
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