Integrated Marine Survey Vessels
After several decades of maritime surveying, all maritime countries have made the marine environment in the shallow coastal areas of the country clear, and there is no need to repeat measurements. Therefore, small measuring vessels with single function and backward technology have been eliminated. The 21st century is the ocean century. The development of marine resources, environmental investigations, scientific investigations and related military activities have all expanded from offshore to the open sea, and new technical requirements have been put forward for the construction of measuring vessels. In addition, due to the advancement of science and technology, it is possible to concentrate on a variety of professional measuring equipment on a limited measuring platform, and the comprehensive operation capability of a single ship is improved.
With the increasing comprehensive benefits of modern survey ships, survey ships and survey ships, the professional functions between them are covered and the difference is getting smaller and smaller, so there is a comprehensive survey ship. The US Navy T-AGS60 series of measuring vessels is the most representative integrated survey vessel in the world. From 1993 to 2000, the US Navy built six ships (T-AGS60~T-AGS65). The ship adopts a conventional ship type with a full displacement of 5,300 tons, the main scale is 75.1×22.9×7.3 meters, the economic speed is 16 knots, the endurance is 10,000 nautical miles, and the self-sufficiency is 60 days. The ship has a total area of 370m2 of hydrographic, hydrometeorological, hydroacoustic, marine and other laboratories, equipped with 2 professional measuring boats and a deep-sea operation remotely operated submersible. The ship's integrated measurement system was jointly designed by the US Navy and the University of Rhode Island, which also wrote operational software.
An integrated survey ship can obtain a number of achievements in different fields such as ocean mapping, marine meteorology, ocean hydrology, geophysics and scientific investigation, and the benefits are equivalent to the sum of multiple functional single professional vessels. At present, the number of measuring vessels in various maritime countries has been decreasing year by year, and the comprehensive operational capacity of single vessels has been increasing, and the total tonnage has not changed much. As of February 2006, the total tonnage of survey vessels registered by 78 member states in the International Hydrographic Organization has exceeded 300 million tons. According to the statistics of the Shipbuilding Yearbook (1996-2005) in the past 10 years, more than 3,000 tons of integrated survey vessels in the world are over 83%.
The development of modern science and technology has enabled a large number of high-tech to integrate into the comprehensive measurement system, so that the work efficiency of the measurement ship has risen linearly, mainly reflected in: 1 measurement accuracy continues to rise. The positioning accuracy of marine measurement elements jumped from 1 nautical mile in the 1970s to 100 meters in the 1990s. Up to now, the accuracy of satellite differential positioning has reached the decimeter level; the resolution of seafloor geomorphology measurement can reach 15 cm, and the measurement resolution of shallow section. The rate has reached the centimeter level: the work efficiency has doubled. In the past, a single beam sounder could only acquire one line at a time.
The current multi-beam sounding system can transmit more than 200 beams at the same time, and the information acquisition volume has increased by more than 200 times. New marine elements have been developed. Since the 1970s, emerging measurement projects such as ocean gravity, ocean magnetic force, seabed topography, seabed topography, acoustic layered flow measurement, radar layered wind measurement and atmospheric waveguide have emerged. Integrated measurement system intelligently controls the synchronization of various measurement equipment. Coordinated operation of the automated flow of water, real-time processing of measurement data, on-site submission of results, thus greatly shortening the measurement cycle, the quality of measurement results continue to improve.
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