Final Environmental Impact Statement Safe Interim Storage Of Hanford Tank Wastes
Cover letter from Paul F.X. Dunigan, Jr. NEPA Compliance Officer DOE
VOLUME 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Not available electronically)
SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE HANFORD SITE
PURPOSE AND NEED FOR ACTION
DESCRIPTION OF ALTERNATIVES
AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT
COMPARISON OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
CUMULATIVE EFFECTS
STATUTORY AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
SUMMARY REFERENCES
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 RELATIONSHIP TO TANK WASTE REMEDIATION SYSTEM ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT
1.2 BACKGROUND OF THE HANFORD SITE
1.2.1 SITE HISTORY
1.2.2 TANK SAFETY ISSUES AND WATCHLIST TANKS
1.2.3 INTERIM STABILIZATION OF SINGLE-SHELL TANKS
1.2.4 OTHER TANK WASTE MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS
1.3 MODIFICATION OF THE DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT
1.3.1 PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE
1.3.2 NEW STORAGE ALTERNATIVE
1.3.3 SITING OPTIONS
1.3.4 TANK 103-SY AND OTHER WATCHLIST TANKS
1.3.5 EXISTING CROSS-SITE TRANSFER SYSTEM
1.3.6 OTHER WASTE TRANSPORT MODES
1.3.7 RETRIEVAL OF TANK 102-SY
1.4 SCOPE OF THIS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT
1.5 CONTENTS OF THIS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT
SECTION 1 REFERENCES
3 DESCRIPTION OF ALTERNATIVES
3.1 ALTERNATIVES
3.1.1 PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE
3.1.1.1 Existing Cross-Site Transfer System
3.1.1.2 Replacement Cross-Site Transfer System
3.1.1.3 Retrieval Systems
3.1.1.4 Mixer Pump
3.1.1.5 Interim Stabilization
3.1.2 TRUCK TRANSFER ALTERNATIVE
3.1.2.1 Truck Transfer Vehicles
3.1.2.2 Load and Unload Facilities
3.1.3 RAIL TRANSFER ALTERNATIVE
3.1.3.1 Rail Transfer Vehicle
3.1.3.2 Load and Unload Facilities
3.1.4 NEW STORAGE ALTERNATIVE
3.1.4.1 New Tanks Facilities
3.1.4.2 Dilution and Retrieval
3.1.5 NO ACTION ALTERNATIVE
3.2 ALTERNATIVES CONSIDERED BUT DISMISSED
3.2.1 RESOLVE FLAMMABLE GAS SAFETY ISSUES EXPEDITIOUSLY
3.2.2 TANK WASTE REMEDIATION SYSTEM DECISION-MAKING
3.2.3 NONCOMPLIANT
3.3 COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVES
3.3.1 REMOVE SWL TO REDUCE SST LEAKS
3.3.2 PROVIDE COMPLIANT CROSS-SITE WASTE TRANSFER CAPABILITY
3.3.3 PROVIDE ADEQUATE STORAGE
3.3.4 MITIGATE HYDROGEN GENERATION IN TANK 101-SY
SECTION 3 REFERENCES
4 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT
4.1 GEOLOGY, SEISMOLOGY, AND SOILS
4.1.1 GEOLOGIC RESOURCES
4.1.1.1 Topography and Geomorphology
4.1.1.2 Stratigraphy and Lithology
4.1.1.3 Mineral Resources
4.1.1.4 Geologic Processes
4.1.2 SEISMOLOGY
4.1.2.1 Tectonic Setting
4.1.2.2 Earthquake History
4.1.2.3 Earthquake Ground Motion
4.1.2.4 Geologic Hazards
4.1.3 SOILS
4.2 WATER RESOURCES AND HYDROLOGY
4.2.1 SURFACE WATER
4.2.1.1 Occurrence and Characteristics
4.2.1.2 Floodplains and Runoff
4.2.1.3 Water Quality
4.2.2 VADOSE ZONE
4.2.2.1 Infiltration
4.2.2.2 Perched Water
4.2.2.3 Soil Moisture
4.2.3 GROUNDWATER
4.2.3.1 Hydrogeologic Setting
4.2.3.2 Aquifer Characterization
4.2.3.3 Ground-water Flow
4.2.3.4 Ground-water Contamination
4.2.3.5 Ground-water Uses
4.3 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
4.3.1 METEOROLOGY, CLIMATOLOGY, AND AIR QUALITY
4.3.1.1 Wind
4.3.1.2 Temperature and Humidity
4.3.1.3 Precipitation
4.3.1.4 Fog and Visibility
4.3.1.5 Severe Weather
4.3.1.6 Atmospheric Dispersion
4.3.1.7 Air Quality
4.3.2 RADIATION
4.3.2.1 Radiation Monitoring Programs
4.3.2.2 Radiation Monitoring Reporting
4.3.3 SOUND LEVELS AND NOISE
4.3.3.1 Background Noise Information
4.3.3.2 Environmental Noise Regulations
4.3.3.3 Hanford Site Sound Levels
4.4 ECOLOGY
4.4.1 VEGETATION
4.4.2 WILDLIFE
4.4.3 THREATENED OR ENDANGERED SPECIES
4.4.3.1 Threatened or Endangered Plant Species
4.4.3.2 Threatened or Endangered Animal Species - The loggerhead shrike
4.5 POPULATION AND SOCIOECONOMICS
4.5.1 LOCAL ECONOMY, EMPLOYMENT, AND INCOME
4.5.2 POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS
4.5.3 HOUSING
4.5.4 LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE
4.5.4.1 Local Taxes
4.5.4.2 Emergency Services
4.5.4.3 Medical Services
4.5.4.4 Education
4.6 TRANSPORTATION
4.6.1 VEHICULAR TRAFFIC AND CIRCULATION
4.6.1.1 National and State Roadway Systems
4.6.1.2 Hanford Site Roadways - Roadways within the Hanford Site which
4.6.2 OTHER TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES
4.6.3 RADIOACTIVE WASTE TRANSPORTATION AT THE HANFORD SITE
4.6.3.1 Radioactive Waste Shipment by Truck
4.6.3.2 Radioactive Waste Shipment by Rail
4.7 LAND USE
4.7.1 LAND USE POLICIES AND PLANS
4.7.2 LAND USE PATTERNS
4.7.3 AESTHETICS AND VISUAL RESOURCES
4.7.3.1 Landscape Character
4.7.3.2 Potential Viewing Areas
4.8 CULTURAL RESOURCES
4.8.1 HISTORICAL RESOURCES
4.8.2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES
4.8.3 NATIVE AMERICAN CONCERNS
SECTION 4 REFERENCES
5 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
5.1 ANTICIPATED IMPACTS OF THE PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE
5.1.1 GEOLOGY, SEISMOLOGY, AND SOILS
5.1.1.1 Geologic Resources
5.1.1.2 Seismology
5.1.1.3 Soils
5.1.2 WATER RESOURCES AND HYDROLOGY
5.1.3 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
5.1.3.1 Air Quality
5.1.3.2 Radiation
5.1.3.3 Sound Levels and Noise
5.1.4 BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL RESOURCES
5.1.4.1 Vegetation
5.1.4.2 Wildlife
5.1.4.3 Threatened or Endangered Species
5.1.5 POPULATION AND SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS
5.1.5.1 Local Economy and Employment
5.1.5.2 Income
5.1.5.3 Population
5.1.5.4 Housing
5.1.5.5 Local Infrastructure
5.1.5.6 Environmental Justice
5.1.6 TRANSPORTATION
5.1.6.1 Vehicular Traffic and Circulation
5.1.6.2 Other Transportation Facilities
5.1.7 LAND USE
5.1.7.1 Land-Use Patterns
5.1.7.2 Aesthetic and Visual Resources
5.1.8 CULTURAL RESOURCES
5.1.9 ANTICIPATED HEALTH EFFECTS UNDER NORMAL CONDITIONS
5.1.9.1 Facility Construction
5.1.9.2 Facility Operations
5.1.9.3 Facility Decontamination and Decommissioning
5.1.10 HEALTH EFFECTS UNDER ACCIDENT CONDITIONS
5.1.10.1 Existing Cross-Site Transfer System
5.1.10.2 Replacement Cross-Site Transfer System
5.1.10.3 Waste Retrieval Systems
5.1.11 POTENTIAL MITIGATION MEASURES
5.2 ANTICIPATED IMPACTS OF THE TRUCK TRANSFER ALTERNATIVE
5.2.1 GEOLOGY, SEISMOLOGY, AND SOILS
5.2.1.1 Geologic Resources
5.2.1.2 Seismology
5.2.1.3 Soils
5.2.2 WATER RESOURCES AND HYDROLOGY
5.2.3 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
5.2.3.1 Air Quality
5.2.3.2 Radiation
5.2.3.3 Sound Levels and Noise
5.2.4 BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL RESOURCES
5.2.5 POPULATION AND SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS
5.2.5.1 Local Economy and Employment
5.2.5.2 Income
5.2.5.3 Population
5.2.5.4 Housing
5.2.5.5 Local Infrastructure
5.2.5.6 Environmental Justice
5.2.6 TRANSPORTATION
5.2.6.1 Vehicular Traffic and Circulation
5.2.6.2 Other Transportation Facilities
5.2.7 LAND USE
5.2.7.1 Land Use Patterns
5.2.7.2 Aesthetic and Visual Resources
5.2.8 CULTURAL RESOURCES
5.2.9 ANTICIPATED HEALTH EFFECTS UNDER NORMAL CONDITIONS
5.2.9.1 Facility Construction
5.2.9.2 Facility Operations
5.2.9.3 Facility Decontamination and Decommissioning
5.2.10 HEALTH EFFECTS UNDER ACCIDENT CONDITIONS
5.2.10.1 Existing Cross-Site Transfer System
5.2.10.2 Truck Tanker Trailer
5.2.10.3 Load and Unload Facility
5.2.11 POTENTIAL MITIGATION MEASURES
5.3 ANTICIPATED IMPACTS OF THE RAIL TRANSFER ALTERNATIVE
5.3.1 GEOLOGY, SEISMOLOGY, AND SOILS
5.3.1.1 Geologic Resources
5.3.1.2 Seismology
5.3.1.3 Soils
5.3.2 WATER RESOURCES AND HYDROLOGY
5.3.3 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
5.3.3.1 Air Quality
5.3.3.2 Radiation
5.3.3.3 Sound Levels and Noise
5.3.4 BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL RESOURCES
5.3.5 POPULATION AND SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS
5.3.5.1 Local Economy and Employment
5.3.5.2 Income
5.3.5.3 Population
5.3.5.4 Housing
5.3.5.5 Local Infrastructure
5.3.5.6 Environmental Justice
5.3.6 TRANSPORTATION
5.3.7 LAND USE
5.3.7.1 Land Use Patterns
5.3.7.2 Aesthetic and Visual Resources
5.3.8 CULTURAL RESOURCES
5.3.9 ANTICIPATED HEALTH EFFECTS UNDER NORMAL CONDITIONS
5.3.9.1 Facility Construction
5.3.9.2 Facility Operation
5.3.9.3 Facility Decontamination and Decommissioning
5.3.10 HEALTH EFFECTS UNDER ACCIDENT CONDITIONS
5.3.10.1 Existing Cross-Site Transfer System
5.3.10.2 Rail Tanker Car
5.3.10.3 Load and Unload Facility
5.3.11 POTENTIAL MITIGATION MEASURES
5.4 ANTICIPATED IMPACTS OF THE NEW STORAGE ALTERNATIVE
5.4.1 GEOLOGY, SEISMOLOGY, AND SOILS
5.4.1.1 Geologic Resources
5.4.1.2 Seismology
5.4.1.3 Soils
5.4.2 WATER RESOURCES AND HYDROLOGY
5.4.3 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
5.4.3.1 Air Quality
5.4.3.2 Radiation
5.4.3.3 Sound Levels and Noise
5.4.4 BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL RESOURCES
5.4.4.1 Vegetation
5.4.4.2 Wildlife
5.4.4.3 Threatened or Endangered Species
5.4.5 POPULATION AND SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS
5.4.5.1 Local Economy and Employment
5.4.5.2 Income
5.4.5.3 Population
5.4.5.4 Housing
5.4.5.5 Local Infrastructure
5.4.5.6 Environmental Justice
5.4.6 TRANSPORTATION
5.4.6.1 Vehicular Traffic and Circulation
5.4.6.2 Other Transportation Facilities
5.4.7 LAND USE
5.4.7.1 Land Use Patterns
5.4.7.2 Aesthetic and Visual Resources
5.4.8 CULTURAL RESOURCES
5.4.9 ANTICIPATED HEALTH EFFECTS UNDER NORMAL CONDITIONS
5.4.9.1 Facility Construction
5.4.9.2 Facility Operation
5.4.9.3 Facility Decontamination and Decommissioning
5.4.10 HEALTH EFFECTS UNDER ACCIDENT CONDITIONS
5.4.10.1 Existing Cross-Site Transfer System
5.4.10.2 New Tanks Facility
5.4.10.3 Replacement Cross-Site Transfer System
5.4.10.4 Initial Tank Retrieval System
5.4.10.5 Past-Practices Sluicing System
5.4.11 POTENTIAL MITIGATION MEASURES
5.5 ANTICIPATED IMPACTS OF THE NO ACTION ALTERNATIVE
5.5.1 GEOLOGY, SEISMOLOGY, AND SOILS
5.5.2 WATER RESOURCES AND HYDROLOGY
5.5.3 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
5.5.3.1 Air Quality
5.5.3.2 Radiation
5.5.3.3 Sound Levels and Noise
5.5.4 BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL RESOURCES
5.5.5 POPULATION AND SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS
5.5.6 TRANSPORTATION
5.5.7 LAND USE
5.5.8 CULTURAL RESOURCES
5.5.9 ANTICIPATED HEALTH EFFECTS UNDER NORMAL CONDITIONS
5.5.9.1 Facility Construction
5.5.9.2 Facility Operations
5.5.9.3 Facility Decontamination and Decommissioning
5.5.10 HEALTH EFFECTS UNDER ACCIDENT CONDITIONS
5.6 UNAVOIDABLE ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
5.7 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SHORT-TERM USE AND
5.8 IRREVERSIBLE AND IRRETRIEVABLE COMMITMENT OF
5.9 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
5.9.1 COMPARATIVE IMPACTS AMONG ALTERNATIVES
5.9.1.1 Geology, Seismology and Soils
5.9.1.2 Water Resources and Hydrology
5.9.1.3 Physical Environment
5.9.1.4 Biological and Ecological Resources
5.9.1.5 Population and Socioeconomic Impacts
5.9.1.6 Transportation
5.9.1.7 Land Use
5.9.1.8 Cultural Resources
5.9.1.9 Anticipated Health Effects
5.9.2 ACCIDENT COMPARISON
SECTION 5 REFERENCES
6 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS
6.1 CONTEXT FOR CUMULATIVE IMPACT ANALYSIS
6.2 OTHER HANFORD SITE ACTIONS WHICH WOULD AFFECT THE ENVIRONMENT
6.2.1 ENVIRONMENTAL RESTORATION DISPOSAL FACILITY
6.2.2 WASTE RECEIVING AND PROCESSING FACILITY
6.2.3 LASER INTERFEROMETER GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE OBSERVATORY
6.2.4 HANFORD REMEDIAL ACTION
6.2.5 TANK WASTE REMEDIATION SYSTEM
6.2.6 PLUTONIUM FINISHING PLANT CLEANOUT
6.2.7 K BASIN SPENT FUEL MANAGEMENT
6.2.8 SOLID WASTE OPERATIONS COMPLEX, ENHANCED RADIOACTIVE AND MIXED WASTE STORAGE FACILITY, INFRASTRUCTURE UPGRADES, AND CENTRAL WASTE SUPPORT COMPLEX
6.2.9 200 AREA SANITARY SEWER SYSTEM
6.2.10 DISPOSAL OF NAVAL REACTOR PLANTS
6.3 POTENTIAL CUMULATIVE IMPACTS
6.3.1 LAND USE, ECOLOGY, AND SOILS
6.3.1.1 Land Use
6.3.1.2 Ecological and Biological Resources
6.3.1.3 Soils
6.3.2 WATER QUALITY AND AIR QUALITY
6.3.3 OFF-SITE RADIATION CONSIDERATIONS
6.3.4 POPULATION AND SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS
SECTION 6 REFERENCES
7 STATUTORY AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
7.1 RELEVANT FEDERAL AND STATE REGULATIONS
7.1.1 FEDERAL ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS
7.1.2 STATE OF WASHINGTON ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS
7.1.3 DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS
7.2 ABILITY OF PROPOSED ALTERNATIVES TO MEET REGULATORY STANDARDS AND REQUIREMENTS
7.2.1 PROTECTION OF THREATENED OR ENDANGERED SPECIES
7.2.2 PROTECTION OF HISTORIC AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES
7.2.3 NATIVE AMERICAN CONCERNS
7.2.4 CLEAN AIR ACT REQUIREMENTS
7.2.5 DANGEROUS WASTE REGULATIONS
7.2.6 PRIME FARMLAND PROTECTION
7.3 CONSULTATIONS
FEDERAL AGENCIES
STATE AGENCIES
LOCAL AND REGIONAL AGENCIES
NATIVE AMERICANS
7.4 HANFORD FEDERAL FACILITY AGREEMENT AND CONSENT ORDER (TRI-PARTY AGREEMENT)
SECTION 7 REFERENCES
APPENDIX A OPERATIONAL WASTE VOLUME PROJECTION FOR HANFORD DOUBLE-SHELL TANK FARMS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
A.1 BACKGROUND
A.2 OPERATIONAL WASTE VOLUME PROJECTION ASSUMPTIONS AND CHANGES
APPENDIX A REFERENCES
APPENDIX B SITE SELECTION PROCESS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
B.1 SITE SELECTION FACTORS
B.1.1 ENGINEERING CONSTRAINTS
B.1.2 HUMAN SAFETY
B.1.3 COST
B.1.4 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
B.2 SUMMARY OF SITING PROCESS
APPENDIX C ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE EVALUATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
C.1 INTRODUCTION
C.2 MINORITY POPULATION COMPOSITION AND DISTRIBUTION
C.3 INCOME DISTRIBUTION
C.4 IMPACT ANALYSIS
C.4.1 SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS
C.4.2 HEALTH EFFECTS
C.5 CONCLUSION
APPENDIX C REFERENCES
APPENDIX D MITIGATION FOR LOST HABITAT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
D.1 MITIGATION STRATEGY
D.2 HANFORD SITE MITIGATION STRATEGY
D.3 MITIGATION PLANS FOR THE PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE
APPENDIX E ESTIMATION OF HEALTH EFFECTS FOR NORMAL AND ACCIDENT CONDITIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
E.1 RECEPTOR CHARACTERISTICS
E.1.1 INDIVIDUAL RECEPTORS
E.1.2 POPULATION RECEPTORS
E.2 AIRBORNE CONCENTRATIONS AT RECEPTORS UNDER NORMAL CONDITIONS
E.2.1 EMISSION RATES OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
E.2.2 ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION FACTORS AND RECEPTOR CONCENTRATIONS
E.3 AIRBORNE CONCENTRATIONS AT RECEPTORS UNDER ACCIDENT CONDITIONS
E.3.1 CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES AND TOXIC CHEMICALS IN WASTE
E.3.1.1 Radionuclides
E.3.1.2 Toxic Chemicals - The chemical characteristics of tank wastes is less
E.3.2 AIRBORNE DISPERSION FACTORS AND CONCENTRATIONS AT RECEPTORS
E.4 DOSE AND HEALTH EFFECTS
E.4.1 RADIOLOGICAL HEALTH EFFECTS
E.4.2 TOXIC CHEMICAL HEALTH EFFECTS
APPENDIX E REFERENCES
APPENDIX F ACCIDENTS CONSIDERED DURING INTERIM ACTIVITIES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
F.1 RETRIEVAL AND STORAGE
F.1.1 MITIGATION MIXER PUMPS
F.1.2 INITIAL TANK RETRIEVAL SYSTEM
F.1.2.1 Unfiltered Riser Release
F.1.2.2 Waste Spill From Contaminated Pump
F.1.2.3 Transfer Pipe Break
F.1.2.4 Pressurized Spray Release
F.1.2.5 Toxic Gas Release
F.1.3 NEW TANK FACILITIES
F.1.3.1 Pressurized Spray Releases
F.1.3.2 Transfer Pipe Leaks
F.1.3.3 Leaks From Failures of the Waste Tank
F.1.3.4 Leaks From Waste Misrouting
F.1.3.5 Pressurization of a Contaminated Process Pit
F.1.3.6 Nuclear Criticality
F.1.3.7 Flammable Gas Burn
F.1.3.8 Tank Bumps
F.1.3.9 Overheating of a Waste Tank
F.1.3.10 Gaseous Release of Toxic Material
F.1.3.11 Release of Materials From a Pressurized Tank Dome
F.1.3.12 Chemical Reactions Due to Waste Misrouting
F.1.3.13 Aircraft Crash
F.1.4 PAST PRACTICES SLUICING SYSTEM
F.1.4.1 Transfer Pipe Breaks
F.1.4.2 Pressurized Spray Leaks - Pressurized spray leaks could occur in
F.2 INTERIM STABILIZATION OF SINGLE SHELL TANKS
F.2.1 SALT WELL TRANSFER PIPING LEAKS
F.2.2 SALT WELL SYSTEM SPRAY LEAKS
F.2.2.1 Spray Leak During SST to DCRT Transfer
F.2.2.2 Spray Leak During DCRT To DST Transfer
F.3 UNDERGROUND CROSS-SITE TRANSFER
F.3.1 EXISTING CROSS-SITE TRANSFER SYSTEM
F.3.1.1 Waste Transfer Line Leak
F.3.1.2 Overflow of The 241-EW-151 Vent Station Catch Tank
F.3.1.3 Rupture of the Encasement and Pipeline
F.3.1.4 Spray Release From a Diversion Box With Cover Blocks Installed
F.3.1.5 Spray Release From a Diversion Box With Cover Blocks Not Installed
F.3.2 REPLACEMENT CROSS-SITE TRANSFER SYSTEM
F.3.2.1 Transfer Line Breaks
F.3.2.2 Spray Releases
F.4 ABOVE-GROUND CROSS-SITE TRANSFER
F.4.1 TANKER TRAILER TRUCKS
F.4.1.1 In-Transit Punctures
F.4.1.2 Fire Induced Breaching
F.4.1.3 Collisions and Rollovers
F.4.1.4 Criticality
F.4.2 RAIL TANK CARS
F.4.2.1 In-Transit Punctures
F.4.2.2 Fire-Induced Breaches
F.4.2.3 Collisions and Derailments
F.4.2.4 Criticality
F.4.3 LOAD AND UNLOAD FACILITIES
F.4.3.1 Spills
F.4.3.2 Spray Releases
F.4.3.3 Fires
APPENDIX F REFERENCES
DRAFT NOTICE OF AVAILABILITY DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
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