Armaments - Cold War
In the postwar period, it was decided to abandon the rigid centralization in construction, placing the responsibility for the development and improvement of weapons and military equipment to the armed services commanders, commanders of the troops and head of logistics aircraft. However, over time it became obvious that such decentralization of technical equipment of the Armed Forces of the USSR was unable to provide adequately coordinate measures to create and equip the troops of the new sophisticated weaponry, primarily nuclear missiles and air defense systems, radar facilities and automation.
That is why in 1948 there was established the post of Deputy Minister of the USSR Armed Forces for armaments. In this position appointed Marshal of Artillery ND Yakovlev, and in 1952 - Colonel-General of Artillery MI Nedelin.
In July 1952, the functions of the organization and planning of orders IWT research papers, monitoring industrial mobilization training transferred to the General Staff in which to address these problems, as well as coordination of species (the armed forces) sun in these areas in 1958 formed the Scientific Technical Committee (STC General Staff of the USSR). Its first chairman was Colonel-General IV Markov, and in 1960, STC General Staff of the USSR led by Lieutenant-General NN Alekseev.
Methods of planning the development of weapons used in the post-war period, until the 1960s, can be described as program planning on organizational grounds. In general, these methods provide the needs of the Armed Forces in the AME, and accordingly parity with the potential enemy.
Creating new designs and systems of combat and support tools were planned by a separate decision, a two-year, annual and other R & D plans, with varying degrees of detail and linking in the absence of an integrated approach. On the supply serial technique developed and approved a five-year and annual plans for capital construction.
Further development of science and technology, the development of fundamentally new, more sophisticated weapons, the rising cost and timing of the creation of WME models, the complexity of cooperative relations in the industry, a significant increase in operating costs of weapons and the imbalance of weapon systems required to improve the system of planning and development of weapons and military equipment, as well as changes in its organizational structure.
In order to resolve this situation and to further improve the system of planning the Council of Ministers on June 10, 1969 #433-157 «On further improvement of planning the development of arms and military equipment" defines the transition from the development planning for certain types of arms and military equipment to the comprehensive long-term plans and programs on weapons 10 years, including the development, delivery and maintenance of arms and military equipment in the army operation and capital construction of military facilities with a maximum alignment with the needs of the Armed Forces, funding.
The same decree established the post of Deputy Defense Minister for Armaments - Chief of Armaments of the Armed Forces of the USSR, to which was appointed Colonel-General N.Alekseev. And in 1970, for the implementation of new principles of planning the development of arms and military equipment, there was created the Office of the Deputy Defense Minister for Armaments (Office of the Chief of Armaments) within the Office of promising research and development of weapons programs, management planning and development and research work, management AME department orders and military standardization.
It should be noted that in the second half of the 1960s Defense started the elaboration of scientific and methodological foundations of the use of program-target method of planning with regard to the development of weapons systems. As a result, the necessity of replacing the sectoral system of management of development of armaments to the new planning system in which development is carried out on the basis of balanced objectives, tasks and resources, long-term programs, bringing together the various stages of the life cycle models of weapons: the development, mass production, maintenance and overhaul.
It is important to emphasize that the formation of long-term programs to consider the possibility of scientific, technological and industrial base of the defense industry, formed requirements to the level of its development in the planning period.
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