Armaments - Early Developments
The history of formation and development of the Department of the Russian Defense Ministry weapons are inextricably linked with the history of our state and its armed forces. Currently, the Department of Defense of the Russian Federation of weapons is a legal successor of all previous bodies of military command of the Armed Forces responsible for the issues of formation of the main directions of military-technical policy, the establishment, improvement and development of weapons systems. It's safe to say that at all stages of Russian history of the role of the military administration, responsible for the development of weapons systems, consistently increased during periods of aggravation of the military-political situation, there was a real opportunity to strengthen the defense capability of the state and development of domestic military-industrial complex (MIC).
The history of the creation of the technical equipment of the Russian army was laid in 1475, when by order of the Grand Duke Ivan III of Moscow was founded Cannon hut - the first governing body in charge of the production and equipping of troops, artillery weapons, arms and ammunition.
Two centuries later, in 1862, the Main Artillery Administration (GAC) of the Russian army was created, in charge of the focus issues of technical equipment of the army artillery weapons, small arms, ammunition, explosives and gunpowder.
Changing the forms and methods of warfare, the creation of new weapons at the beginning of the 20th century, such as tanks and armored vehicles, airplanes and balloons, planes and automobiles, required the creation of special control equipment of the Russian army of these funds, what was the main engineering management. Since 1912, it received the name of the Main Military-Technical Department (GVTU). Addressing technical equipment fleet was entrusted to the Chief of Naval Staff, in 1906 renamed the Naval General Staff.
An important milestone in the history of the domestic authorities the technical equipment was developed by the Defense Ministry in 1907 and presented for approval to the Emperor Nicholas II, the draft program of the Russian army, for the period until 1921, which for the first time in the history of an integrated development of weapons systems the Army and Navy, some the share of purchases of imports and the widest section of the construction of the defense enterprises. The development of this program, the Russian army was the prototype of the software development planning weapons systems in general.
After the October Revolution of 1917 the Soviet government took a number of attempts to centralize order management and production of arms, which in November 1918 set up a central logistics management, integrating the functions of the two previously established departments - GAU and GVTU. Later, in July 1919, the Council of Defense created the Emergency Institute authorized to supply the Red Army and his staff on the ground. In the same year as part of the institution is formed Board military industry, whose main task is the development of targeted programs of arms production, revival of military industry and the establishment of a common defense production front Soviet republic.
It should be noted that in the first years of Soviet power, requirements for specific types of weapons defined by two bodies of military control - the People's Commissariat for Military and Naval Affairs and the headquarters of the Red Army. Practical issues of military and civil proceedings were decided by the Council of Labour and Defence under the Council of People's Commissars. At the State Planning Commission, member of the Council of Labor and Defense, is charged with the current and future planning of production, including weapons. Placement of orders for the production of weapons of war orders by the Committee at the Supreme Council of National Economy.
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