Project 58 Grozny / Kynda class - Testing
In general, the cruiser Project 58 was a principal new and complex ship, if only because it was first to place two missile systems for various purposes. In this connection, the testing of the lead ship was of particular interest. These were conducted in the White Sea from July 6 to 29 October 1962. In the course of the test, a sling shot blanks and military missiles (in the telemetry option), and a single salvo launch. The targets were fixed target "CM-5" - former leader of the "Leningrad" and "SM-8" - the former depot ship torpedo boat project 1784 range is about 200 km. Ultimately, both targets were struck by missiles hit the superstructure.
The tests were not always smooth, defects and deficiencies were revealed, but the vast majority of them managed to eliminate either on site or in the completion of the complex. The main causes of defects were hasty delivery of the ship, not completely fulfilled new weapons, inadequate accounting of the real ship and sea conditions, and some design flaws. So, the equipment of CCP "Bean" proved unreliable. The actual interval between missile launches from one launch unit [PU] was almost four times that projected, and charting the sectors of fire from the bow and stern units needed to be "trimmed". Otherwise, the selection committee considered the set of P-35 as meeting the Navy TTZ, although it demanded removal of a number of observations (about 100 points).
The anti-aircraft missile complex "Wave" on the tests worked parachute targets PM-2 and MiG aircraft target 15M, in five actual shooting. The results revealed the same shortcomings of the SAM M-1 which were discovered during tests of the complex on the destroyer "Bravo": poor reliability and low life separate units SU "Scimitar", the inability to fire at low-flying targets. The latter circumstance the ship Project 58 came fom the largely unsuccessful placement conditional on Mill PU-101, which was due to insufficient length of the bow, turned out to be "pinned" to the UE-70 CM. Last because of this also had an unsatisfactory firing chart. But on the whole complex of "Wave" corresponded to the Tehproekt and technical requirements for delivery.
The artillery installation AK-726 to the beginning of the test missile cruiser (RRC) "Terrible" had not yet been put into service, although it was established, and on ships, etc.. 61, 35, 159. Five firing against three air and sea targets - had shown that the artillery armament of the ship operated reliably. However, at speeds in excess of 28 knots the ship there was a strong vibration: trunks ranged vertically to 9 mm. Reinforcements made to the plant reduced vibration, but to eliminate it failed. Ultimately, the installation was adopted, but the system of "Sentry", as well as other radar fire control system, brought to the working condition for quite a long time.
The test torpedoes were successful as the ship is standard and waste systems and equipment. These same results were obtained when testing and RBU-6000. However, as the ships of the previous projects, the big criticism was the work of sonar - primarily SAS HS-572 does not provide the necessary targeting due to insufficient range and strong dependence on the hydrology of the sea.
The tests of other radio equipment showed that their main drawbacks were unsatisfactory electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) for simultaneous operation, obsolete electronic components instrumentation, weakness EW. Failure recognized and installed on the ship two identical radar MR-300, to work, of course, in the same frequency band and thereby interfere with each other. Moreover, that such a solution is not only technically, but also tactically justified it was not (at the radar generic detection there is considerable noise in the work-fire radar, especially the artillery - "Sentry").
Unfortunately, the testing of the aircraft were often held far from the complete screen. Helicopters did not participate in the tests, and the tests themselves were modest - but it required the implementation of the ship numerous modifications: solution de-icing the runway, causing a non-slip coating, making a special cover for the helicopter, improvement of signal lighting equipments and so on.
The test program included a visit and check the possibility of the personnel in the military posts, indoors and outside on the deck at the start of missiles (SAMs and RCC) and the radar. The need for such tests was dictated by the fact that the new missiles had high specific thrust booster pulses, which, combined with short-term worked to create more impacts. The effect of the microwave radiation (UHF) radar on people was seen further tests cruiser "Sverdlov" in 1952, but then it did not attach due importance.
Tests were conducted on experimental animals and showed dangerous places to find personnel at the start of missiles and radar working. When firing missiles personnel could be closed in all combat positions, while firing RCC finding personnel in a number of premises (even number 1 gun mount) proved unacceptable equipment without special protection. The residence time of personnel in open combat positions at the radar after the tests restricted by special regulations.
As expected, the main power plant of the ship worked fine. However, it turned out that the specified maximum speed of 34.5 kt was reached at boosting of capacity up to 95,000 liters. from. Actual cruising range was 3,650 miles at an average operational speed of 18 knots economic speed (needed at least 3,500 miles).
During the tests at the North in the summer of 1962, the life of "Terrible" was an extraordinary event: the ship was visited the country's leader Nikita Khrushchev accompanied by Defence Minister Marshal Malinovsky. The first commander of the cruiser Captain 2nd Rank V. Lapenkov first brought the cruiser into the sea and conducted a demonstration firing complex P-35. Manual watching them from aboard the cruiser "Murmansk". Shooting proved to be successful, the rocket left the horizon, and a direct hit struck the target board. After that, the distinguished guests toured the ship.
N. Khrushchev was delighted with the ship and expressed his wish to visit in the near future it an official visit to Halifax. The "Terrible" had been very careful finished and corresponding additional equipment, including PVC-coated upper deck, was not awarded following cruisers.
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