Project 1134 Kresta - Testing & Service
Test of the head ship "Admiral Zozulya" began in April 1967 in the Baltic Sea and continued until December, culminating in the White Sea. During the test, as usual, running and tested seaworthy, unsinkable and vitality, weapons and armament. Firing missiles (in the telemetry option) complex P-35 were carried out as a full PA (300 km) and the minimum (30 km) range for a single missile salvo of plants on both sides of the target. SAM "Wave" were shot in combat SAM-600 parachute targets (resettable bomber IL-28), on a large ship's shield and boat wave control. In total 12 missiles were fired from each mount and each guide. Gun mount AK-725 was shot through the air cone and towed shield. The distance to aerial target was 2,000 meters, to the sea - 3000 m. The torpedo was tested single shooting (one torpedo) submarine on going at a speed of 6 knots at a distance of 20 cables. Then spent shooting from RBU-1000 and RBU-6000 volleys on the shield with sonar reflector.
Unlike surface test helicopter PKP Project 58, the program of the tests on "Admiral Zozulya" was extremely ambitious. They flew day and night, "on foot" and on the go, in calm water and roll. Approaches were made to a variety of course angles. During a helicopter flight and practiced torpedo bombing, setting sonobuoy, drive systems and communications. The ship was checked aeronautical equipment and systems based helicopter. The tests were successful and confirmed the project TTE and combat capabilities of the ship.
As a result of the tests, 20 types of weapons, tools and equipment were adopted. Among them - the STS "Bean-1134" launchers CT-72 and ZIF-102 lifts RSL, diesel generator ASDG-500/1 and more.
However, there were noted and disadvantages, among which the most prominent and, unfortunately, unavoidable proved unsatisfactory shelling of AU AK-725 and bow PU ZIF-102, unsatisfactory work of the CEO, the lack of a second navigation radar, and others.
There were also suggestions to increase the number crew on staff, which consisted of 30 officers, 20 warrant officers and 262 petty officers and sailors, but then they were rejected. However, during operations, crewing levels increased significantly. For example, in 1982 in the BOD "Admiral Zozulya" officers served 46-54 midshipman, that certainly had a very negative impact on the habitability.
As a result, the fleet added four ocean surface ships. Three of them were included in the North and one - in the Pacific Fleet. Apparently, the decision was dictated by the previous distribution of "related" ships of Project 58 to "balance the balance." In 1983 "Vice-Admiral Drozd", and in 1990 - "Admiral Zozulya" received additional anti-aircraft armament of two 30mm AK-630M batteries and radar "Don 2".
It soon became clear that, as anti-submarine ships, they did not fully meet the current requirements. With the introduction of the new classification of ships and vessels of the Navy (1975), Project 1134 ships were classified as missile cruisers, though as such they can be regarded as a stretch.
The period of entry into service of the new ships coincided with the deployment of Soviet fleet combat service in remote areas of the world ocean. The new ships were used very extensively in the Caribbean and Mediterranean Seas and the Indian and Pacific Oceans. NATO military experts immediately enlisted the ships in the class cruisers URO codenamed "Kresta."
Service on ships Project 1134 proved to be a good school for many generations of Sovietsailors, and it was very important for the drill ship helicopter pilots. The latter are particularly distinguished themselves in 1972, when the "Vice Admiral Drozd" into a violent storm was involved in assisting emergency nuclear submarine K-19 in the Bay of Biscay, in spite of a design flaw in the low position of the deck for the helicopter. In this, the helicopter flew to the boat in a storm, answering the question about the actual "seaworthiness" of the helicopter.
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