Special Forces - Missions
Chinese special forces are used to perform numerous tasks, of which the two most important tasks are direct operations and special reconnaissance. There are five main categories of direct operations: beheadings, harassment operations, escort operations, counter-terrorism and rescue.
In modern warfare, the belligerents often plan to send many special operations groups to covertly penetrate many key nodes of the enemy's defense system. It is characterized by multiple small groups and multiple forms and means of penetration. , Can play the role of instant acupoint at the right time. Of course, the most important thing is the right time, because the objectives, scale, and effects of special operations determine its limited and short-term role.
Direct action
For those targets that are not conducive to the functioning of long-range guided weapons, special forces use ground assault methods to directly attack and eliminate them. In this sense, special forces are a powerful concealed, sudden, and significant threat on the modern information battlefield. Although their combat scale and objectives are limited, they are sufficient to paralyze the enemy's combat system.
Decapitation. The beheading strategy of the Chinese special forces refers to attacking key figures and command centers of the enemy, leaving the enemy in a state of no heads and no communication. The Chinese military has conducted numerous military exercises during which the PLA deployed special forces to the command center of the theater to attack the enemy through numerous delivery tools, such as the use of helicopters and parachutes with power units. Harassment. Harassment is used to hinder the enemy's ability to operate, including destroying enemy equipment and systems, attacking the enemy's important civilian infrastructure, and ambushing the enemy. Psychological warfare also plays an important role in the overall harassment strategy, because the special forces' raid itself will cause fear and chaos in the enemy camp.
Guard operation. The escort operation includes helping to defend the Air Force and Navy after the offensive to await support forces. Special forces are also used in China to deal with "emergency incidents" that occur in China. An article in the "Liberation Army Daily" describes the incident in detail. The article states that "Army, key forces, special forces, and emergency special defense forces deployed in various regions should take into account the emergence of natural disasters and frequent acts of terrorist violence in the local area, and should choose subjects and simulation exercises and conduct China emphasizes emergency capabilities and emergency rescue capabilities, and continuously improves its ability to respond to various types of emergencies. "
Action against Terrorism. The counter-terrorism response capability has been gradually valued since 2002. The PLA has taken counter-terrorism as one of the compulsory subjects of the new training program for special forces, and intends to make counter-terrorism an integral part of the future mission of the special forces.
Rescue operations. Rescue operations include the rescue of hostages taken and search and rescue of pilots who parachute.
Special reconnaissance
Chinese special forces use "amphibious" (sea, air, land) tools to infiltrate the enemy's defense line for short-term or long-term reconnaissance missions, and use electronic battlefield monitors, unmanned reconnaissance aircraft, and backup forces to transmit information. The PLA's special forces training courses are mainly divided into three categories: infiltration training, mountain training, and field survival training.
Deepening the enemy's in-depth implementation of front-end enemy reconnaissance has always been the most effective way of obtaining information to make up for the shortcomings of technical reconnaissance. The importance of this reconnaissance method will not diminish with the continuous development of modern military technology. The combat mission of the special forces is mainly aimed at key targets and parts with limited defensive capabilities in the enemy's combat system, which is determined by its nature, scale, and combat method.
In recent local wars, foreign special forces have repeatedly sent guidance teams to sneak into important attack targets in advance, use satellite positioning, laser irradiation, and other methods to indicate targets for long-range strike weapons, guide accurate attacks, and enter after their own long-range weapon attacks. Check the scene, check the attack effect on the spot, and guide the attack again if necessary.
Penetration training
Infiltrating the enemy's front without detection is the primary skill of the PLA's special forces. It is said that Chinese special forces training "implemented high-intensity, all-round, and multi-disciplinary training in a variety of complex terrains, including deep penetration and 'secret reconnaissance' behind enemy lines." The Chinese special forces employ a so-called "three-dimensional", "all-weather" infiltration strategy, including sea-based infiltration (submarines, high-speed boats, ferry and diving in open seas, etc.), air-based infiltration (parachutes and helicopters with power units) Land-based infiltration (long distance trekking and rock climbing).
Sea-based penetration. Sea-based infiltration training includes three items: crossing the open sea, destroying the sea and firing at sea. "In marine training, some dangerous and difficult courses will pose great challenges to the physical and psychological limits of special forces. These items include 10,000 meters swimming, fully armed night ferry, diving, underwater transportation and island survival training." Infiltration through submarines is also a more common method.
Air-based penetration. In the airborne training, the PLA has "completed the transition from multi-model parachutes and aircraft exercises to the implementation of armed landings in extreme altitudes such as mountains and waters." The unique osmosis device used is parachute and paraglider with drive.
Land-based penetration. In many trainings, special forces successfully broke through the enemy's defense line by using high-tech alert systems such as night vision devices, sound-sensitive and dynamic early-warning systems, and anti-infantry radar systems. The penetration strategy adopted by the Chinese special forces, the conditions under which they exercised, the exact model of the monitoring equipment, and the lifespan are currently unknown to the outside world.
Mountain training
Because most of the training of special forces is focused on responding to possible conflicts across the Taiwan Straits, the mountainous terrain of Taiwan Island was highlighted during the training. The island of Taiwan is divided into two parts, north and south by the central mountains. Since the Taiwan authorities built an air defense bunker system covering almost one-third of the island in the early 1990s, it is vital for the PLA to perform missions in the mountainous environment of Taiwan. This can be seen from the words of the PLA Special Forces Commander, "attack the enemy's hangars and underground facilities" will become a completely new tactic.
The Chinese military has always conducted training in mountainous areas with extremely harsh conditions. China has implemented multi-service and individual training at altitudes between 12,000 and 18,000 feet. This training includes testing:
- Use heavy equipment for maximum speed climbing ability in different altitude, terrain and climate conditions.
- Maximum firepower and fire attack range of different weapons.
- Long-distance assault for up to 4 hours at altitudes above 16,400 feet, plus extra work.
Special forces mountain training includes: hostage rescue, theater rescue, ammunition transport, minefield crossing, and medical treatment. Known special forces training uses armored vehicles, tanks and gunships.
Field survival training
The field survival training was conducted in the Luliang Mountains in the west of Shanxi Province. The training area is selected in "all-weather environment, inaccessible mountains and dense forests". The training consists of a 7-day course. Students will learn to hunt wild boars, snakes, fish, birds, and insects; collect flowers, plants, and fruits; find and draw and purify water sources; learn to maintain water in the body and prevent dehydration; train fires by various means; set up tents and prevent rain and insects Use winter materials to make winter clothes and healing herbs.
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