*FM 100-103
HEADQUARTERS
DEPARTMENT OF ARMY
Washington, DC, 7 October 1987

Table of Contents

1. PREFACE

   
   

2. CHAPTER 1. Army Airspace Command and Control

   1. EXPLANATION OF A²C²
      
   2. IMPORTANCE TO AIRLAND BATTLE
      
   3. COORDINATION IN THE AIRLAND BATTLE
      
      1. ARMY AVIATION OPERATIONS
         
      2. FIRE SUPPORT OPERATIONS
         
      3. AIR DEFENSE ARTILLERY OPERATIONS
         
      4. SPECIAL ELECTRONIC MISSION AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS
         
      5. HELIBORNE ELECTRONIC WARFARE OPERATIONS
         
      6. REMOTELY PILOTED VEHICLE OPERATIONS
         
      7. INTRATHEATER AIRLIFT OPERATIONS
         
      8. AMPHIBIOUS OPERATIONS
         
      9. JOINT AND COMBINED ARMS OPERATIONS
         
   4. THE INTEGRATED AIRSPACE CONTROL SYSTEM
      
      1. US AIR FORCE TACTICAL AIR CONTROL SYSTEM
         
      2. ARMY AIRSPACE COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEM
         

3. CHAPTER 2. Procedures

   1. OBJECT OF A²C² IN C²
      
      1. PLANNING THE BATTLE
         
      2. CONDUCTING THE BATTLE
         
   2. PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS
      
   3. METHODS OF AIRSPACE CONTROL
      
   4. PROCEDURAL METHODS OF AIRSPACE CONTROL
      
      1. AIRSPACE CONTROL MEASURES
         
      2. STANDARD OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES
         
   5. CONFLICT RESOLUTION
      
      1. DURING PLANNING
         
      2. DURING THE BATTLE
         
   6. DESIGNATION OF CONTROLLING AUTHORITIES
      
   7. SPECIAL AIRSPACE USERS
      
      1. RPV FLIGHTS
         
      2. SEMA FLIGHTS
         
      3. HELIBORNE ELECTRONIC WARFARE FLIGHTS
         
   8. IDENTIFICATION OF AIRSPACE USERS
      

4. CHAPTER 3. Army Airspace Command and Control Tasks

5. CHAPTER 4. Army Airspace Command and Control Elements

   1. LAND COMPONENT COMMANDER LEVEL
      
   2. BATTLEFIELD COORDINATION ELEMENT
      
      1. BCE ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS
         
      2. BCE OPERATIONS
         
   3. A²C² ELEMENTS ORGANIZATION AT COMMAND ECHELONS
      
      1. CORPS A²C² ELEMENT
         
      2. DIVISION A²C² ELEMENT
         
      3. BRIGADE AND BATTALION A²C² ELEMENTS
         

6. CHAPTER 5. Information Networking

   1. BATTLEFIELD COORDINATION ELEMENT
      
      1. PLANS DIVISION
         
      2. OPERATIONS DIVISION
         
   2. CORPS A²C² ELEMENT
      
   3. DIVISION A²C² ELEMENT
      
   4. BRIGADE A²C² ELEMENT
      
   5. BATTALION A²C² ELEMENT
      
   6. A²C² COMMUNICATIONS
      

7. APPENDIX A. Example of Army Airspace Command and Control Annex to Operation Order

8. APPENDIX B. Airspace Control Message Formats

9. APPENDIX C. Application of A²C² in Low-intensity Conflict

10. GLOSSARY

11. REFERENCES

12. AUTHORIZATION