GLOSSARY

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
AADC -- area air defense commander
ABCCC -- airborne battlefield command control center
ABMOC -- air battle management operations center
A²C² -- Army airspace command and control
ACA -- airspace control authority
ACC -- air component commander; airspace control center
ACO -- airspace control order
ACofS -- assistant chief of staff
ACP -- air control point
AD -- air defense
ADA -- air defense artillery
ADCO -- air defense coordination officer
adj -- adjutant
ADLO -- air defense liaison officer
ADOLT -- Air Defense Operations Liaison Team
AEB -- aerial exploitation battalion
AETACS -- airborne elements of the tactical air control system
AF -- Air Force (USAF)
AFATDS -- advanced field artillery tactical data system
AGL -- above ground level
AI -- air interdiction
ALCC -- airlift control center
ALO -- air liaison officer
AMLS -- airspace management liaison section
ANGLICO -- air and naval gunfire liaison company
AOR -- area of responsibility
AR -- Army regulation
ARLO -- air reconnaissance liaison officer
arty -- artillery
ASCC -- Air Standardization Coordinating Committee
ASCS -- air support control section
ASM -- airspace management element
ASOC -- air support operations center
ATC -- air traffic control
atk -- attack
ATO -- air tasking order
ATS -- air traffic services
avn -- aviation
AWACS -- airborne warning and control system
AWS -- antiair warfare section

BAI -- battlefield air interdiction
BCE -- battlefield coordination element
bde -- brigade
BDZ -- base defense zone
bn -- battalion

C² -- command and control
CA -- coordinating altitude
CAFMS -- Computer Assisted Force Management System
CATF -- commander, amphibious task force
CAS -- close air support
cbt -- combat
CCP -- communications check point
CCT -- combat control team
CEWI -- combat electronic warfare and intelligence
C²I -- command, control, and intelligence
CID -- combat intelligence division
CLRS -- central launch and recovery section
CM&D -- collection management and dissemination
co -- company
COMALF -- Commander of Airlift Forces
COMMZ -- communications zone
COSCOM -- corps support command
CP -- command post
CRC -- control and reporting center
CRP -- control and reporting post
CSS -- combat service support
CTOC -- corps tactical operations center

DA -- Department of the Army
DASC -- direct air support center
DCI -- deputy for combat intelligence
DCSOPS -- Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans
DESIGAREA -- designated area message
dir -- director
DISCOM -- division support command
div -- division
DO -- deputy for operation
DS -- direct support
DSA -- division support area

EAC -- echelons above corps
ECM -- electronic countermeasures
elm -- element
ENSCE -- enemy situation correlation element
EW -- electronic warfare

FAAD -- forward area air defense
FAC -- forward air controller
FACP -- forward air control post
FARP -- forward arming and refueling point
FC -- field circular
FCC -- flight coordination center
FCS -- forward control station
FDC -- fire direction center
FLOT -- forward line of own troops
FM -- frequency modulated; field manual
FOC -- flight operations center
FRAGO -- fragmentary order
FS -- fire support
FSCL -- fire support coordination line
FSCOORD -- fire support coordinator
FSE -- fire support element
FSO -- fire support officer

G2 -- Assistant Chief of Staff, G2 (Intelligence)
G3 -- Assistant Chief of Staff, G3 (Operations and Plans)
G4 -- Assistant Chief of staff, G4 (Logistics)
GLO -- ground liaison officer

HIDACZ -- high-density airspace control zone
HIMAD -- high-to-medium-altitude air defense
hq -- headquarters

IEW -- intelligence and electronic warfare
IFF -- identification, friend or foe
IMC -- instrument meteorological conditions
IN -- deputy for intelligence
intel -- intelligence

JAAT -- joint air attack team
JCS -- Joint Chiefs of Staff
JFACC -- joint force air component commander
JFC -- joint force commander
JINTACCS -- joint interoperability of tactical command and control systems
JOC -- Joint Operations Center
JTAO -- joint tactical air operations

LCC -- land component commander
LD/LC -- line of departure/line of contact
LIC -- low-intensity conflict
LLTR -- low-level transit route
LO -- liaison officer

MAGTF -- Marine Air-Ground Task Force
MCO -- movement control officer
MCS -- maneuver control system
METT-T -- mission, enemy, terrain, troops and time available
MI -- military intelligence
MPC -- message processing center
MRR -- minimum risk route

NATO -- North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NAVAID -- navigational aid
NBC -- nuclear, biological, and chemical
NCO -- noncommissioned officer
NCOIC -- noncommissioned officer in charge
NTACS -- naval tactical air control system

obj -- objective
op(s) -- operation(s)
OPCON -- operational control
OPLAN -- operation plan
OPORD -- operation order
pam -- pamphlet
PZ -- pick-up zone

RATT -- radio teletypewriter
recon -- reconnaissance
rep -- representative
ROZ -- restricted operations zone
RPV -- remotely piloted vehicle

S2 -- Intelligence Officer (US Army)
S3 -- Operations and Training Officer (US Army)
SAAFR -- standard use Army aircraft flight route
SACC -- supporting arms coordination center
SEMA -- special electronic mission aircraft
SHORAD -- short-range air defense
SIF -- selective identification feature
SLAR -- side-looking airborne radar
SOP -- standing operating procedure
SPINS -- special instructions
spt -- support
std -- standard
STANAG -- Standardization Agreement

TAC -- Tactical Air Command
TACAIR -- tactical air
TACC -- tactical air control center
TACOPDAT -- tactical operational data
TACP -- tactical air control party
TACS -- tactical air control system
TACSATCOM -- tactical satellite communications
TADC -- tactical air direction center
TAF -- Tactical Air Force
TAOC -- tactical air operations center
TCF -- tactical combat force
TECHOPDAT -- technical operational data
TF -- task force
TOC -- tactical operations center
TOE -- table(s) of organization and equipment
TRADOC -- Training and Doctrine Command

UAV -- unmanned aerial vehicle
US -- United States
USA -- United States Army
USAF -- United States Air Force

vs -- versus
VMC -- visual meteorological conditions

WCS -- weapons control status
WFZ -- weapons free zone
WOC -- Wing Operation Center
DEFINITIONS

Air defense artillery fire unit locations. The position or site occupied by air defense units that are capable of delivering fires at enemy targets. Fire units which are reported include batteries, platoons, sections, and squads/teams.
Air defense artillery fire unit status. The condition or current state of affairs of a unit which provides air defense fires. The status can include maintenance, classes III and V availability, and state of alert. The state of alert is the combat readiness maintained by a fire unit expressed in terms of the period of time within which the unit must be capable of engaging a target. The status is reported by battery platoon, squad, or section, whichever is the smallest unit capable of delivering fires.
Air defense artillery priorities. The commander's prioritized list of selected assets to be defended by the supporting ADA commander. This list is used to determine mission requirements for ADA units.
Air defense warning. Warnings issued which represent the AD commander's evaluation of the probability of air attack. Standard AD warnings are white--attack not probable; yellow -- attack probable; and red -- attack imminent or in progress.
Airfields/assembly areas/laager sites. A location, normally company size, where an aviation unit assembles, prepares for future operations, conducts maintenance, and rearms/refuels.
Airspace control. A service provided within the combat zone to maximize combat effectiveness by promoting the safe, efficient, and flexible use of airspace. Airspace control permits flexibility of actions in controlled airspace while authority to approve, disapprove, or deny combat operations is vested only in the joint force commander.
Airspace control area. Airspace laterally defined by the boundaries of the area of operations. The airspace control area may be subdivided into airspace control subareas.
Airspace control authority. The commander designated to assume overall responsibility for the operation of the airspace control system in the airspace control area. Airspace control boundary. The lateral limits of an airspace control area, a high density airspace control zone, or an airspace restricted area.
Airspace control measures. Rules, mechanisms, and directions governed by joint doctrine and defined by the airspace control plan that control the use of airspace of defined dimensions. All control measures can be graphically depicted. Examples of control measures are low-level transit routes, high density airspace control zones, aircraft check points, and standard use Army aircraft flight routes.
Airspace control plan. The document providing specific procedures for the airspace control system for a particular area of operation. It is prepared by the airspace control authority.
Airspace control system. An arrangement of those organizations, personnel, policies, procedures, and facilities required to perform airspace control functions.
Airspace coordination area. In fire support operations a restrictive fire support coordination measure that establishes a three-dimensional area reasonably safe from friendly surface-delivered fires. An airspace coordination area is either formal or informal in nature.
Airspace control order. The airspace document that details all approved airspace requests.
Airspace restrictions. Special restrictive measures applied to segments of airspace of defined dimensions.
Airspace user priorities. A ranking by the commander to establish an order of importance for the use of airspace by all airspace users. These priorities may vary from airspace subsector to subsector. These priorities will be used to resolve conflicts and determine the need for A²C² measures. A subsector refers to the division of the Army airspace control sector into separate areas. Subsectors are usually established along unit boundaries.
Air support priorities. A ranking by the commander to establish an order of importance for employment of available air support. This priority may be expressed in any number of ways but must, as a minimum, include combat, combat support, and combat service support requirements.
Air support requirements/requests. Those requirements or requests expressed by a unit or activity for air support for either Army or other service assets. Requirements/requests can cover combat, combat support, and combat service support missions.
Air tasking order. The order published by the air component commander that specifies which missions will be flown and which aircraft will fly the missions. The ATO includes all jointly approved airspace control measures or restrictions.
Air traffic identification. The use of electronic devices, operational procedures, visual observation, and flight plan correlation for the purpose of identifying and locating aircraft flying within the airspace control area.
Air traffic service units/navigational aids status. The condition or current state of affairs of ATS units and NAVAIDs.
Apportionment of tactical air resources. The division of tactical air resources by the joint force commander to accomplish the counterair, air interdiction, and close air support missions. This apportionment is usually expressed in a percentage and is based on recommendations by the Army and Air Force component commanders.
Aviation battle/firing positions. Covered and concealed battle positions, containing several firing positions, that are used by attack helicopter units for engagement of targets. Firing positions are the locations normally selected by aircraft commanders at which the aircraft fires its weapon system(s). Preplanned and currently occupied positions must be reported for coordination and control with supported units.
Aviation flight rules. The regulations, directives, or procedures that govern the conduct and operation of manned and remotely piloted aircraft. These rules are normally established for IMC and VMC.
Concept of operations. A concise graphic, verbal, or written statement that gives an overall picture of a commander's scheme with regard to an operation or series of operations and includes the scheme of maneuver and fire support plan. It is frequently referred to as the commander's concept. It is described in sufficient detail for the staff and subordinate commanders to understand what they are to do and how to fight the plan in the absence of further instructions.
Controlled airspace. Airspace of defined dimensions within which air traffic control service is provided to controlled flights.
Control point. A position marked by an electronic device, a conspicuous terrain feature, or other identifiable object which is given a name or number and used as an aid to navigation or control of aircraft. (Also known as air control point.)
Coordinating instructions. Orders or information that applies to two or more units.
Effective wind message. Information on wind speed and direction used for predicting NBC contamination.
Enemy aircraft low level avenues of approach. An air route which allows threat forces to fly sufficiently close to ground level so that detection or engagement is avoided or minimized. It is usually associated with routes that allow flight below the altitude of the surrounding terrain, for example, valleys, river basins.
Fire support coordination measures. Procedures or directives used to manage fire support assets. Some examples are coordinated fire line, free fire zone, and fire support coordination line. All control measures can be depicted graphically.
Fire support priorities. The ranking by the commander to establish an order of importance for the collective employment of mortars, field artillery, close air support, and naval gunfire.
Fire support unit locations. The position or site occupied by fire support elements which are capable of delivering fires. Normally, battery-sized elements are reported, but they may include platoon/sections if they are separated from their battery.
Fire support unit status. The condition or current state of affairs of a unit which provides supporting indirect fires. Normally, for field artillery a fire unit is considered a battery-sized element, but the unit may include platoons if firing batteries are split.
Flight coordination center location. The position or site occupied by the FCC.
Flight operations center location. The position or site occupied by the FOC.
Flight plan. Specified information provided to air traffic services units relative to an intended flight or a portion of a flight of an aircraft.
Forward arming and refueling point. A temporary facility organized and deployed by an aviation unit located closer to the area of operations than the aviation unit's normal service area. FARPs are established to provide classes III and V to aviation units conducting combat operations. Report FARPs for A²C² purposes when they are not collocated with an airfield/assembly area/ laager site.
Forward line of own troops. A line which indicates the most forward positions of friendly forces in any military operation at a specific time.
Friendly aircraft location. A report on the location of friendly aircraft expressed in altitude and relative ground position. Reports are used to accomplish regulation and resolve conflicts. Friendly aircraft location is also used to improve aircraft identification.
Friendly jamming/electronic warfare operations. Any use of the electromagnetic spectrum by friendly forces directed against threat forces which will adversely affect friendly avionics, ATS facilities, communications, sensors, or navigational aids.
High-to-medium-altitude air defense coverage. A description, normally graphic, that depicts the altitude and range at which aircraft may be acquired/engaged by Hawk and Patriot units. Normally, several coverages are provided based on the altitude that the aircraft may fly.
Hostile criteria. Description of conditions under which an aircraft may be identified as hostile for engagement purposes. The conditions (rules) are promulgated by the commanders of unified or specified commands (or their equivalent) or by other appropriate commanders.
Identification friend or foe/selective identification feature procedures. The directives which govern the use of IFF/SIF equipment.
Instrument meteorological conditions. Conditions expressed in terms of visibility, distance from cloud, and ceiling less than the minimal specified for visual meteorological conditions.
Instrumented airfield location. The site or position occupied by an airfield that has ATS assets operating at that location.
Navigational aids location. The site or position occupied by a NAVAID. Information should include type of NAVAID, its capabilities (or purpose), and its operating time (if not continuous).
Positive control. A method of airspace control that relies on positive identification, tracking, and direction of aircraft within an airspace, conducted with electronic means by an agency having the authority and responsibility therein.
Preplanned targets (groups). An area or object designated and numbered for future firing that is submitted according to a schedule that permits detailed coordination and planning.
Procedural control. A method of airspace control which relies on a combination of previously agreed on and promulgated orders and procedures.
Rules of engagement. Directives that delineate the circumstances under which weapons may fire at an aircraft. The right of self-defense is never denied.
Significant on-going fires or calls for fire. Request for or active indirect fires of such magnitude that the volume of projectiles creates a high probability of interference with other airspace users.
Sortie allocation. The procedure that translates apportionment decisions into the number of sorties to be allocated in support of Army forces. Army commands may suballocate to subordinate commands. Allocation is expressed in specific numbers and types of assigned sorties. Sorties available refers to the initial allocation of sorties at the beginning of each allocation cycle. Sorties remaining expresses the number of available sorties which have not been used during the allocation cycle.
Standard use Army aircraft flight routes. Routes which are established below the coordinating altitude to facilitate the movement of Army aviation assets. Normally, these routes are located in the corps through brigade rear area of operations.
Strike warning. A warning of friendly use of nuclear or chemical munitions.
Terminal control area. A control area or a portion thereof normally situated at the confluence of air traffic services routes in the vicinity of one or more major airfields.
Terrain flight environment. In airspace control usage, that airspace close to the earth's surface where vegetation, man-made objects, and terrain contours degrade the enemy's ability to detect or locate helicopters and permit friendly helicopters to use terrain flight tactics and techniques. The terrain flight environment is a vertical extension of the area of operations and is defined by the area of operations and coordinating altitude.
Time slot. A period of time during which certain airspace activities are restricted to permit one or more users greater freedom of operation.
Unit mission. The primary task assigned to a unit. The mission statement usually contains the elements of who, what, when, where, and why, but it seldom specifies how to accomplish the mission.
Unit task organization. A temporary grouping of forces designed to accomplish a particular mission. Task organization involves the distribution of available assets to subordinate control headquarters by attachment or by placing assets in direct support, general support, or under the operational control of the subordinate.
Visual meteorological conditions. Conditions expressed in terms of visibility, cloud distance, and ceiling equal to or better than the specified minimum.
Way-point. In air operations, a point in space to which an aircraft may be vectored.
Weapons control status. The three types of weapons control used by a commander to control the fires of air defense artillery weapons. Different status may be applied to fixed-wing and rotary-wing aircraft. These are weapons free -- engage all aircraft not positively identified as friendly; weapons tight -- engage all aircraft positively identified as hostile; and weapons hold -- engage aircraft for self-defense.