KSR-2 / KS-11 / KSR-II / AS-5 KELT
The AS-5 / KSR-2 (product 085) air-to-surface missile is a small supersonic, liquid-rocket propelled, cruise missile weighing approximately 7760 lb. It has a maximum flight speed of Mach 1.2, an altitude ceiling of 30,000 ft., and a range of 80 to 125 nm. It can carry an 1100-lb conventional warhead, or a nuclear warhead weighing 850 to 1200 lb. For guidance, it uses active radar homing from launch to impact when employed in an anti-ship role, and an alternate passive radar homing system when used in an anti-radar role. It has a CEP of 150 ft when used in an anti-ship role, and a CEP of 1 to 2 nm when employed against land targets.
According to NATO classification, the KSR-2 missile received the designation AS-5 Kelt. The KSR-2 missile was carried by converted and modified Tu-16KS missile carriers (50 vehicles) and Tu-16A bombers (155 vehicles). The Badger G carries two AS-5 missiles suspended beneath its wings. The modified missile carrier received the Tu-16KSR-2 index . Later, another 156 bombers, as well as KS-1 missile carriers (Tu-16KS), Tu-16S rescuers (in Tu-16K-11-16 ) were finalized under the KSR-2 and close in design to the KSR-11 . In total, 441 aircraft underwent modifications for the K-11 and K-16 complexes , of which 211 served in Long-Range Aviation and 230 in Naval Aviation.
Production of the missile is estimated to have begun in 1963, with IOC in 1965. It was first seen in 1966. KSR-2 - Air-Launched Cruise Missile of class "air-surface" with the liquid propellant rocket engine (ZHRD RTJRD - liquid propellant rocket engine- S 5.6.000) and with the autonomous system for administration + OF ARLGSN. Fuselage is all-metal, is cigar-shaped, wing all-metal with the stressed skin, that is folded with the storage and the transport (borrowed from KSS). Fairing is honeycomb, from the fiberglass fabric (two layers hundred with a thickness of 4 mm each and one - 2,5 mm, summary thickness - 12 mm). Basic materials: D1G- T, Ei-'shchya (oxidizer tank), AMG-' (fuel tank), cast knots from AL -5, AL -9, AL -19, separately loaded - made of steel E0KHGSA.
Rocket was manufactured on the basis of the cooperation with the Smolensk aircraft plant. Some assemblies of rocket KSR-2 had a significant quantity of new elements with the application of details from the plastics and some fiberglass materials. KSR-II - with respect to KSR-1 has the following differences: - autonomous guidance system with PRLGSN; - they are changed: - arrangement it is main suspension, - the construction of fence in the tanks, - internal body GCHF and KHCHF; - are introduced the additional knots of suspension to the carrier.
The Tu-16K-16 complex received combat use during the Arab-Israeli war in October 1973. Tu-16K-11-16 missile carriers of the 36th squadron of the 403rd bomber brigade of General Mohammed Osman El Gendi of the Egyptian Air Force fired a total of 25 missiles KSR-2 and KSR-11, of which twenty (according to Israeli data) were shot down by fighters and only five hit targets - two radars and a supply depot. It should be noted that the export KSR-2 could only operate on one frequency. During the fighting, one Tu-16K-11-16 missile carrier was lost.
In the 1980s Iraq used them on Iranian oil terminals also without much success. The low efficiency can be explained by the insufficient qualifications and morale of the Arab pilots and the export single-frequency seeker, but it is possible that the accuracy indicators are underestimated - after all, to this day we use information only from the Israeli and Western media, and the data of the other side is not available, not to mention the reports of the Soviet military specialists sent to Egypt and Iraq.
The Tu-16K-16 missile system had a number of serious shortcomings. It was subject to electronic interference, the range of application was highly dependent on hydrometeorological conditions, sea waves, the speed of the rocket was relatively low. Nevertheless, the KSR-2 missile was quite stable on targets, and since each missile could be tuned to its own frequency, this made it possible to use up to 20 missiles in a salvo without mutual interference. The issue of equipping the Tu-16 with more effective missile weapons was resolved at the end of 1969 with the adoption of the K-26 complex with KSR-5 missiles .
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