KSR-2 / KS-11 / KSR-II / AS-5 KELT - Variants
According to Decree N 684 of June 19, 1959, the KRM-2 target missile was created on the basis of the KSR-2 missile, designed to test air defense systems. With the advent of supersonic missiles KSR-5, the carriers of the old KSR-2 / -11 were converted, keeping them as training until the early 90s. But some of these missiles were converted by KRM-2 (MV-1) targets to simulate a high-altitude supersonic target: their speed was increased to 2760 km / h at an altitude of 22.5 km.
To destroy radio-emitting ground and sea targets, the world's first anti-radar missile KSR-11 (KSR-2P) was developed on the basis of the KSR-2. Work on the rocket began in accordance with the Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR of July 20, 1957. and the Order of the MAP of July 31, 1957. KSR-11 was put into service as part of the K-11 complex (see photo ) on April 13, 1962. Serial production was organized at the plant number 292 in Smolensk. The high degree of unification of the KSR-2 and KSR-11 missiles made it possible in the future to create a single Tu-16K-11-16 complex.
The upgraded KSR-2M missile is designed for low-altitude launches. KSR-2M was equipped with a new dual-mode LRE C5.6.0000.0 developed by KBKhM A.M. Isaeva. The autopilot reduced the missile’s landing after uncoupling to 150-200 m. After launching the liquid-propellant rocket engine, the rocket smoothly climbed more than the height of the carrier aircraft of 500-800 m, then switching to an inclined trajectory controlled from the GOS, while the practical launch range did not exceed 70-80 km.
For the KSR-11 (product 086) missile, a new autonomous guidance system with a passive radar homing head (PARGSN) was developed. As a PARGSN KSR-11, a passive radar target coordinator 2PRG-10 with a target detection range of up to 350 km was used. Structurally, the KSR-11 differed from the prototype in the design of the fuel intake in the tanks, the internal frame of the fuselage. For placement on the carrier, the KSR-11 was equipped with additional suspension units, and the carrier with BD-352 beam holders. The rocket was launched at a distance of up to 160-170 km. The range of the Tu-16K-11 complex with one missile was 2000 km, the probability of hitting the target was 0.8-0.9.
Missile guidance was carried out in a combined way - the enemy's radar was detected by the "Ritsa" airborne target reconnaissance station. "Ritsa" detected both surveillance radars of air defense systems at distances of 300-350 km, and gun-guided stations at a distance of up to 270 km. The station determined the range, azimuth, frequency of radiation, periodicity and duration of pulses. The missile's PARGSN was tuned to the frequency of the target's radiation and took it for auto-tracking. After the rocket was uncoupled, the flight took place in a passive mode from the autopilot, from the 40th second the PARGSN was included in the work, which performed guidance along the course.
In addition to the usual trajectory, a mode was possible when the LRE worked up to the 60th second in the starting mode and the rocket gained altitude. With an angular mismatch of the target of 25 °, the rocket went into a dive on the target with homing along the course and pitch. When the radar station stopped working, the GOS of the missile kept its flight direction for 25 seconds. The disadvantage of the KSR-11 was the limited frequency range of its PARGSN, which excluded the use of the missile on a number of shipborne radars.
It was planned to use the KSR-11 missiles in the marine theater in conjunction with the KSR-2.
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