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At least 25 countries
- Algeria - 10 guns, as of 2016.
- Angola - 48 guns, as of 2016.
- Armenia - some amount, as of 2016.
- Azerbaijan - 36 guns, as of 2016.
- Bangladesh - 62 Type 59-1 as of 2016.
- Cameroon - 12 Type-59 as of 2016.
- China - 234 M-46/Type 59-1 as of 2016.
- Congo - 5 guns, as of 2016.
- Congo, Democratic Republic - 42 Type 59/Type 59-1 as of 2016.
- Croatia - 19 M-46H1, as of 2016.
- Cuba - some in service with ground and coastal defense forces, as of 2016.
- DPRK - some quantity, as of 2016.
- Egypt - 420 guns, as of 2016.
- Eritrea - 19 guns, as of 2016.
- Ethiopia - some, as of 2016.
- Guinea - 12 guns, as of 2016.
- Guyana - 6 guns inoperable as of 2016.
- India - 1,100 guns, of which 500 are in storage, as of 2016.
- Iraq - over 60 M-46/Type-59 as of 2016.
- Iran - 985 guns, as of 2016.
- Israel - 100 guns, as of 2016
- Laos - 10 guns, as of 2016.
- Lebanon - 15 guns, as of 2016.
- Morocco - 18 guns, as of 2016.
- Mozambique - 6 guns, as of 2016.
- Mongolia - some, as of 2016.
- Myanmar - 16 guns, as of 2016.
- Nigeria - 7 guns, as of 2016.
- Oman - 12 M-46 and 12 Type 59-1, as of 2016.
- Peru - 36 guns, as of 2016.
- Serbia - 18 guns, as of 2016.
- South Sudan - some, as of 2016.
- Sudan - 75 M-46/Type 59-1, as of 2016.
- Syria - some, some mounted on vehicles (Gun-Truck), as of 2016.
- Turkmenistan - 6 M-46, as of 2016.
- Vietnam - some, as of 2016.
- Zambia - 18 guns, as of 2016.
Former
- Afghanistan - some amount, as of 2010.
- Algeria
- Angola
- Bosnia and Herzegovina - 61 guns, as of 2012.
- Bulgaria - some quantity, decommissioned.
- Cameroon
- Cambodia - some Type 59s, as of 2010.
- Finland - 36 guns, as of 2010.
- Germany ( GDR ) - some, passed to FRG/withdrawn from service
- Ghana
- Guiana, French
- Guinea-Bissau
- Libya - some quantity, as of 2012.
- Mali - reportedly some in service as of 2012.
- Morocco
- Pakistan - 410 Type 59s as of 2010.
- Poland - some quantity, decommissioned.
- Romania
- Russia - 650 guns in storage, as of 2016.
- Sri Lanka - 40 Type 59s as of 2010.
- Tanzania - 30 Type 59s as of 2010.
- Thailand - 15 Type 59s as of 2010.
- UAE - 20 Type 59s as of 2010.
- Uganda
- Yemen - 60 guns, as of 2012.
- Yugoslavia - a certain amount, passed to the countries formed after the collapse.
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