Italy - Communist Ideology and objectives
All terrorist organizations of the Communist ideological component basically aim at the same objective: the overthrow of the bourgeois, capitalist, imperialist state and the establishment of the dictatorship of the proletariat. Their ideology and goals are best expressed in the writings of the Red Brigades. The following are significant excerpts from their doctrinal tracts:
The State, even in the most democratic republic, is only an oppressive machine used by one class against another.
In the capitalistic social formations, the State, its juristic ideology, and its law are nothing other than instruments through which the bourgeoisie exercises its dictatorship over the proletariat.
The only language that the servants of imperialism have demonstrated to understand is the language of arms and it is in this language that the proletariat is beginning to speak.
No objective, no matter how militarily protected, is unattackable by a guerrilla force.
Proletarian power must be affirmed even though the concretization of its own justice, through the capability of trying. passing judgment on, convicting the enemies of the proletariat. [Passages extracted from a document titled "Red Brigades. No.6, Murch 1979, Spring Campaign: Seizure. Trial, Execution of Christian Democratic President Aldo Moro."]
To construct the system of proletarian power means to fight against the power of the opposing class. [Passage extracted from a document titled "Red Brigades, No.7, July 1979, From the Field in Asinara."]
Doctrinal belief in the class struggle and advocacy of the armed struggle are more dynamically and synthetically propagandized in the following exhortations addressed to the proletariat in Red Brigades' documents and communiques: "Bring the attack to the imperialist state of the multinationals; Unify the proletarian movement of offensive resistance in the combatant Communist party; Create, strengthen, expand the mass organisms of the revolutionary proletarian power and transform the objectives of the imperialist bourgeoisie into anti-imperialist civil war".
In the philosophy of the terrorist left, as often expressed in its writings, the prisons are the highest expression of class dominance. Consequently, there was a tendency to equate inmates guilty of common crimes with the exploited. For this reason, particular attention was devoted to the prison population in general and to captured terrorists in particular.
Patrizio Peci, Red Brigade column leader in Turin, spoke out after his arrest. He was determined to cooperate with the judges. Peci talked with the investigating magistrates, the Carabinieri. The repentant BR [Red Brigades] member explained in 1981 why he decided to cooperate with the authorities by denouncing his ex-comrades. In 1982, he stated "According to our understanding of politics, murder unfortunately was a form of struggle which, together with other forms, would lead us to a society without exploitation. Therefore we saw murder as an act of justice....
"I was convinced of the political failure of armed struggle. The BR began their guerrilla history starting with a practice of armed propaganda that gradually developed. The objective was to sensitize the proletariat, and then make them active participants. With the passage of years (in the post-Moro period) the process of consciousness-raising was considered started and there was the gradual passage from armed propaganda to a fighting war. The organization adapted itself politically and militarily to this later phase, but we became aware that the proletariat was not participating actively.
"The mass organizations remained immobile on passive cansensus; in practice the touted availability for armed struggle was a fiction. That is the historical defeat of the political hypothesis we practiced. In fact, every premise of a Vanguard of the fighting communist organizations falls. In practice, to continue along that road means participating in a war by groups.
"Starting with that assessment, there is no possible halfway.... If the hypothesis of armed struggle is considered correct, then shooting must take place. But if that does not happen, and it is considered that armed struggle is damaging for the class itself, then it is necessary to do everything possible to stop it. To fail to do it means three things: To be an indirect accomplice of future armed actions; to passively permit other comrades to take the road of armed struggle which is destined to defeat; to create a situation in which the government can criminalize forms of independent struggle by the working class, which are not part of a power system, with the pretext that society is faced by potential "terrorists." "
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