FM 90-2

Headquarters
Department of Army
Washington, DC, 3 October 1988

BATTLEFIELD DECEPTION

Table of Contents

PREFACE

Chapter 1 - Battlefield Deception Fundamental

• Revitalizing the "Lost Art"
• Myths
• Battlefield Deception Definition
• Deception Maxims
• Deception Failures
• AirLand Battle
• Surprise and Security
• Components of Battlefield Deception Operations
• Legal Considerations

Chapter 2 - Battlefield Deception at the Operational Level of War

• Center of Gravity
• Lines of Operations
• Culminating Points
• Operational Deception Planning and Execution
• Deception Sustainment Planning and Execution
• Offensive Campaigns and Major Operations
• Defensive Campaigns and Major Operations
• Relationship between Strategic and Operational Deception Plans

Chapter 3 - Battlefield Deception at the Tactical Level of War

• Tactical Deception Planning and Execution
• Relationship between Operational and Tactical Deception Plans

Chapter 4 - Deception Planning Considerations

• Techniques
• Sequence
• Process
• Approval of Plans or Orders
• Issuance of Plans or Orders
• Supervision

Chapter 5 - Deception Means

• Visual
• Olfactory
• Sonic
• Electronic
• Resources
• Techniques

Chapter 6 - Deception in Operations

• Offensive Operations
• Defensive Operations
• Retrograde and other Tactical Operations

Chapter 7 - Deception in Joint, Combined, and Contingency Operations

• Joint Operations
• Combined Operations
• Contingency Operations

Appendix B - Deception Planning Worksheet

Appendix C - Sample Deception Implementation Schedule

Appendix D - Employment of Decoys

Appendix E - Deception Evaluation Checklist

Appendix F - Battlefield Deception Activities Chart

Glossary

References

Works Cited

AUTHORIZATION

DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release;distribution is unlimited.

*This publication supersedes FM 90-2 (HTF) 2August 1978.