Armavir, Krasnodar Territory
Armavir is a city located in Krasnodar krai of Russia. The city stands on the left bank of the Kuban River, about 202 km to the southeast of Krasnodar. It is an important railway hub of the region. The population of Armavir is about 191,500 (2015), the area - 280 sq. km.
At the end of the 18th century, Islam began spreading among the Adygeis and the Cherkesogais (mountainous Armenians) who faced the threat of losing their religion. At the end of 1836, they addressed the head of Kuban defensive line, the major-general G.F.Zass with the request to “take them under Russian patronage and to finance their settling close to the Russians.” In 1837, a small village of mountainous Armenians was formed on the left bank of the Kuban River, opposite stanitsa Prochnookopskaya.
In 1839 the Cherkesogay settlement moved closer to the mouth of the Urup River. This year is considered the official date of the appearance of Armavir, the original name of which was the Armenian village. Aul on three sides was surrounded by a deep moat of 2.5 meters wide and shaft. On the fourth side flowed the Kuban River, which became the natural boundary of Armavir. The boundaries of the settlement changed several times due to the fact that more and more families moved from the mountains. In the first years 120 families settled in the village, and by 1840 their number had increased to four hundred. In addition to the mountain Armenians, several hundred serf highlanders lived in the settlement (in 1859 there were 753 people). The life of the Circassians in the new place proceeded according to the same laws of the patrimonial way of life, which they adhered to in the mountains. The village was divided into quarters in which the families settled.
In just a few decades the settlement, established by the Russian military authorities, has become a commercial and industrial center of the North Caucasus. At the beginning of the XX century. Armavir, which did not even have time to become a city, went around the trade turnover and production growth of the provincial towns of Yekaterinodar and Stavropol. He conceded only port Novorossiysk. Only for a time the development of Armavir was delayed by world and civil wars.
After the Great October Revolution, Soviet power in Armavir was born in a stubborn struggle against the counter-revolution. During the Civil War and military intervention of 1918-1922. Fierce battles took place in the area of the city, between the Armenians - the mountaineers and Bolsheviks, the power in Armavir was changed thrice. March 16, 1920 2nd Taman Regiment of the 7th Caucasian Division under the command of Chursin entered the city. In Armavir the Soviet power was finally established.
And the secret of the "economic miracle" is simple: a favorable geographical position and people. The city is historically located at the crossroads of trade routes from Russia to the Caucasus and to the Black Sea coast. Until the revolution, Armavir remained one of the leading centers of grain trade in Europe. In the second half of XX century. the city became machine-building: a number of enterprises entered the leaders of their industries of domestic industry.
Voronezh High Depot Readiness (HDR)
Construction and deployment of the Voronezh radar station for combat duty are considered by the leadership of the Russian Federation, according to V.V. Putin as "the first step in the implementation of a major program in the field of the missile attack warning system, calculated until 2015. The second station of high factory readiness "Voronezh-DM" of the decimeter range (cooperation of the research institute "Dalnay radiocommunication" (RIID), RTI and other enterprises) was deployed in the south of Russia in the Armavir region (Krasnodar Territory) to control the airspace situation and replace two operating on the south-western missile-dangerous direction of the radar missile warning system of previous generations.
As of 14 November 2012 the new radar station Troops were undergoing state tests in the Krasnodar Territory, and the Voronezh-DM radar station is scheduled to be completed by the end of 2012. The Armavir radar station was scheduled to put on alert duty in the first quarter of 2013. construction of several new generation radar stations will begin in Russia in 2013, a representative of the Russian Defense Ministry for the Air and Space Defense Troops said.
On 28 December 2012 it was reported that Russia will continue construction of new Voronezh radar stations in 2013 to increase the capabilities of the missile attack warning system, new radar systems will be established in the Krasnoyarsk and Altai Territories, according to the plans of the Russian Defense Ministry, the new missile warning system will be replenished with new radars in Pechora (Komi Republic), Barnaul (Altai Territory) and Yeniseysk (Krasnoyarsk Territory), new Voronezh radars will replace all obsolete radars such as the Dnepr, Volga and Daryal.
The Russian missile attack warning system (APAR) on 09 March 2013 recorded the launch of two ballistic targets in the Mediterranean Sea, the Russian Defense Ministry said. Later a source in Damascus reported that they had fallen into the sea. The launch of two missiles in the Mediterranean Sea proved to be a test by Israel and the US of a missile defense system. The operation of the Israeli command was planned at a very difficult time for the region - when a military operation in Syria could begin in the next few days. The Ministry of Defense of Israel reported that the recorded launches were a test of targets for missile defense systems. They were held jointly with the United States.
"The launch was detected (at 10.16 Moscow time) by the combat calculation of a separate radio-technical unit of the Early Warning System in Armavir," a spokesman for the press service and information department of the Defense Ministry told journalists. According to him, the flight trajectory of these targets passed "from the central part of the Mediterranean Sea towards the eastern part of the Mediterranean coast." Following this message, a representative of the Defense Ministry said that the head of the Russian Defense Ministry, Army General Sergei Shoigu reported to President Vladimir Putin about this situation.
The radar station of the new generation "Voronezh DM", built in the Krasnodar Territory, which has become part of a single missile warning system, was put on alert duty 06 July 2013. "The Armavir separate radio technical center was on alert duty," commander of the Air and Space Defense Forces Major-General Alexander Golovko reported to the Russian President Vladimir Putin on the satellite video-conference line from Armavir. V.Putin informed that until 2018, in Russia will be put into operation seven radar stations (radar) "Voronezh DM."
The launch of two missile targets on 03 September 2013 in the Mediterranean Sea was an attempt to test the reaction time and the location of the Syrian air defense system's deployment, capable of knocking down ballistic targets. This version of the events was reported to Izvestia at the General Staff of the RF Armed Forces. According to the Pentagon, two missile targets were launched to test Israeli missile defense systems. - Judging by the direction of the launch, the speed and characteristics of the targets, it was a question of reconnaissance of the pits of dislocation of the Syrian air defense systems. One of the tasks is to check Syria's technical capabilities to shoot down ballistic and cruise missiles, "Izvestia's interlocutor explained.
04 September 2013, Deputy Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation Anatoly Antonov held meetings with the military attachés of the United States and the State of Israel respectively. Anatoly Antonov drew attention to the fact of the discovery on September 3, deployed in Armavir, a radar warning system for a missile attack launching a missile from the Mediterranean Sea. Russian means of detection the target was identified as ballistic, the trajectory of its flight was oriented to the East. Under certain conditions, the prolonged trajectory could reach the borders of the Russian Federation. Anatoly Antonov stressed that the discovery of the launch of the missile in the direction of the Russian territory is a non-trivial phenomenon that requires special attention of the country's political leadership.
As of 03 November 2013, according to Russian military officials, Russia will build three new Voronezh class radar stations in 2013 to improve the capabilities of missile defense, the stations will be stationed in the Krasnoyarsk Territory of Eastern Siberia, the Altai Territory of southern Siberia and the Orenburg region of central Russia. The new generation of Voronezh-DM radars have a range of 3,700 km and are capable of tracking ballistic and cruise missiles from the North Atlantic region. The creation of Voronezh class radars is due to the modernization of the Russian missile defense system, the Kremlin calls it "new strategic tasks" in response to a missile shield in Europe deployed under the leadership of the United States.
The first new generation station was built in the area of St. Petersburg (Leningrad region) in 2006 and is on trial duty until 2013. The other two Voronezh radars operate in Armavir in the Black Sea region and in Pionersky near Kaliningrad. Another radar in the Siberian city of Irkutsk took up an experimental-combat duty last year. In accordance with the national defense plan, the Ministry of Defense is going to replace all Soviet long-range radars and close all the gaps in the radar cover at the borders of Russia until 2020.
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