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AT-11 SNIPER

The AT-11 SNIPER laser-guided ATGM, which can penetrate 700-mm of RHAe out to 4000 meters, gives the T-90 the ability to engage other MBTs, vehicle ATGMs, and even most helicopters before they can engage the T-90.

The 9K120 Svir complex was developed by the Tula Design Bureau. It was installed on the T-72BM, T-72B tanks. ATGM provides firing of guided missiles during the day from a place and from short stops. The fundamental difference between the "Svir" and the "Cobra" was an anti-interference semi-automatic missile control system using a laser beam.

Complex 9K119 "Reflex" in 1985, after successful tests, was put into service. It allows you to fire guided projectiles from a tank moving at a speed of up to 30 km/h against armored enemy targets at target speeds of up to 70 km/h. Designed for tanks T-80U, UD, T-90. The complexes "Svir" and "Reflex" differ in the control system.

The complex includes: a ZUBK14 artillery round, consisting of a 9X949 throwing device for pushing a rocket out of the bore and a 9M119 guided missile, as well as control equipment. The 9M119 missile consists of a control module, a sustainer solid propellant rocket engine (RDTT), a HEAT warhead and a tail compartment. The rocket is made according to the "duck" aerodynamic scheme, has a folding plumage in the form of a "cabbage leaf". In the folded position, the empennage blades and the receiver unit are covered with a pallet that protects them from the effects of the gases of the propelling device when fired. After the rocket leaves the barrel, the pallet is dropped, the plumage is opened, the rudders and air intakes are extended. The oncoming air flow passes through two air intakes through elastic tubes, depending on the incoming commands, into the working cavity of the corresponding power cylinder, turning the rudders in one direction or the other.

The cumulative warhead, unlike most anti-tank guided missiles (ATGMs), has a somewhat unusual layout. It is located not in front, but closer to the tail of the rocket behind the steering gear and rocket engine, which provides it with the most optimal operating conditions. At the same time, for the purpose of free passage of the cumulative jet, the engine and steering gear have a central channel, which also provides for laying cables for electrical communication between the front compartments and the tail compartment. In the tail compartment there is a laser radiation receiver unit and an onboard light source - a lamp for monitoring the flight of the rocket.

Placing the engine in the central part of the rocket and the location of two nozzles in front of the engine reduces the influence of the outflowing powder gases on the laser radiation receiving device. The control system of the "Reflex" complex is semi-automatic. Target tracking and guidance is carried out through the sight-rangefinder of the guidance device (PDPN) 1G46, which is part of the 1A45 Irtysh weapon control complex.

To defeat lightly armored and unarmored vehicles, as well as manpower located in buildings, trenches, a ZUBK14F shot with a 9M119F guided missile with a high-explosive warhead, as well as a 3UBK14F1 shot with a 9M119F1 guided projectile, equipped with a high-explosive fragmentation warhead of increased power, was developed. A significant increase in high-explosive and high-explosive action was achieved by placing within the existing design of the 9M119 rocket a modular warhead consisting of two blocks located along the axis of the rocket: bottom (high-explosive action) and additional head (high-explosive fragmentation). The placement of the second block became possible due to the replacement of the rocket engine with another warhead (the 9M119F1 projectile has no side nozzles, unlike the 9M119 rocket).

Shot 3UBK14F with a guided high-explosive missile 9M119F - a separate loading shot, designed to destroy enemy manpower, openly located on the ground, sheltered in various structures and objects, as well as damage or destruction of these objects when a rocket hits them inside. 3UBK14F shots are fired from a 125 mm smoothbore tank gun. The flight control of the 9M119F missile (guiding it to the target) is carried out using the control field created in the beam of the optical quantum generator (laser beam) by the tank control equipment. Shot 3UBK14F1 with a guided high-explosive missile 9M119F1 - a separate loading shot, designed to destroy enemy manpower, openly located on the ground, sheltered in various structures and objects, as well as damage or destruction of these objects when a rocket hits them inside. 3UBK14F1 shots are fired from a 125 mm smoothbore tank gun. The flight control of the 9M119F1 missile (guiding it to the target) is carried out using the control field created in the beam of the optical quantum generator (laser beam) by the tank control equipment. Shot 3UBK20 with a guided missile 9M119M - a separate loading shot is designed to destroy armored vehicles, including those equipped with dynamic protection, small targets such as bunkers, bunkers, low-flying low-speed attacking air targets and targets located on the water surface. The control system is semi-automatic, noise-proof, according to the laser beam. hooting with a 3UBK20 shot is carried out from the 2A45 smoothbore guns of the 9K118, D81 complex of the T-72S, T-80U, T-90S tanks, both from a standstill and while the tank is moving. Temperature range from +50°? to -50°?. The shot is an effective weapon in conditions of optical visibility of targets in all weather conditions, as well as in dry and humid tropical climates.

3UBK21 Sprinter

A new over-the-horizon guided missile called the 3UBK21 Sprinter [the nomenclature is seeminglly Russian, not NATO] is planned, about which there is practically no open source data. With a 7-plus-mile range and a tandem shaped-charge HEAT warhead, armor penetration is unknown but will likely be at least the equivalent of Reflecks. Designed for the 2A82-1M gun on the T-14 Armata tanks, the 3UBK21 Sprinter has semi-automatic command to line of sight (SACLOS) millimeter wave guidance and a tandem HEAT warhead.

The Sprinter is a new type of guided missile that will allow firing with the highest possible accuracy. To date, it is the "Sprinter" that remains the most poorly studied type of weapon for the "Armata". It said to have an effective range of 50 m to 12000 m. and can penetrate 950 millimetres (37 in) of steel rolled homogeneous armour (RHAe) after explosive reactive armor (ERA). It can also engage low-flying air targets such as helicopters.

The Russian 2A82-1M smoothbore gun is mounted on T-14 Armata tanks. The 2A82 tank gun with an auto-bonded and partially chrome-plated barrel uses all existing 125 mm ammunition and new promising ammunition. In particular, BPS "Vacuum-1" (tungsten), "Vacuum-2" (uranium) 900 mm long, OFS "Telnik" with detonation on the trajectory and the 3UBK21 "Sprinter" missile. To do this, the chamber part of the bore is made with an additional lead-in cone section shifted forward to pinch the leading belt of the projectile being loaded. When developing, the possibility of placing serial tanks in the combat compartments was taken into account.

T90M Proryv-3 is a really new tank. The tank has a new hull and turret, an updated gun, new electronics and ergonomics (more space and amenities, air conditioning for each crew member) and much more. New 125-mm smoothbore gun with increased power, new ammunition and a set of highly automated Kalina FCS, remotely controlled anti-aircraft machine gun mount, improved AZ. The gun's accuracy and barrel survivability have been increased by 25-30% (up to 900 shots). Increased effective firing range by 15%.

As part of the R & D Vacuum-1, a BPS 900 millimeters long with a depleted uranium core with the addition of ceramics was created. BPS at a speed of 6M penetrates 1 m of homogeneous armor. For L / 55, this indicator is 0.8 m. In addition to the BPS, the Telnik fragmentation-shrapnel projectile with remote detonation and URS 3UBK21 Sprinter was created. In addition, the gun allows you to use existing ammunition.

But the most important thing is not so much the new weapons themselves as their range: according to some reports, the T90M main gun, firing 3UBK21, will be able to hit targets at a distance of 12 km. This is much further than the 4 km that the new and improved M1A2 SEP V3 Abrams and the English Challenger-2 (8 km) are capable of. This means that in the event of a ground confrontation between NATO and the Russian Federation (for example, in / in Ukraine), the T90M will "hit NATO vehicles before they leave the hangar".

The weight of the 2A82-1M gun is 2,700 kg, the barrel length is 7,000 mm. The muzzle energy of the shot is 15-24 MJ. The initial speed of the projectile is more than 2,000 m/s. The 2A82-1M cannon is capable of firing both all existing 125-mm ammunition and new promising ammunition, in particular, armor-piercing sub-caliber shells of increased power 3BM59 "Lead-1" and 3BM60 "Lead-2" 740 mm long, as well as new , specially designed for the T-14. For the 2A82 cannon, BPS Vacuum-1 and Vacuum-2 ammunition with a length of 900 mm was developed, and there are two more projectiles: fragmentation-shrapnel with remote detonation at any point of the Telnik trajectory and a 3UBK21 Sprinter guided missile, having an effective range of 8 kilometers.

The effective range of projectiles is 4.700 m, guided missile (URS) 3UBK21 "Sprinter" - 8.000 m, anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) "Reflex-M" - 5.500 m. Cannon rate of fire - 10-12 rounds per minute. Armor penetration by armor-piercing projectile (BPS) - 850-1.000 mm, ATGM - 950 mm. The resource of the gun barrel is 800-900 shots. Ammunition - 45 shells. Automatic loader - 32 rounds.

The most important feature of the "Armata" is the extremely long range of the tank, which is about 12 km. This gives the T-14 great advantages over the tank technology of other countries. To fire at such distances, one will have to rely heavily on target designation information provided by other types of troops and weapons (drones, infantry, etc.). The 3UBK21 Sprinter T-14 missile used by Armata is capable of penetrating up to 900 mm of armor, which is considered sufficient to disable any existing NATO tank.

The American M1A2 Abrams, considered the most effective tank in the West, has a range of only 4 km - that is, the T-14 is three times superior to it in this indicator. In second place after the T-14 in terms of range is the South Korean tank K2 Black Panther, which can fire shots at a distance of up to 8 km.

The path from the design bureau and the factory to the warehouse of the military unit is sometimes long and thorny. The target visibility range will not exceed 2-2.5 km, in the desert - theoretically 10 km, but it will be extremely difficult to aim at it. The effective range for modern tanks does not exceed 4-4.5 km.