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Aircraft An-20 (item "Yu")

In June 1958, in the guidance of Antonov GSOKB-473, a draft design of an An-20 (item "Yu") aircraft with two NKD-12Ms was developed. Antonov An-22 Antei was designed by Oleg Konstantinovich Antonov's OKB-473 in response to a VVS specification that required a heavy transport aircraft capable of operating from unpaved runways. Its history goes back to the late 1950s with the presentation of Antonov An-20 and An-20A transport aircraft projects, propelled respectively by two and four engines.

The AN-20 airborne transport aircraft was designed to carry combat and engineering equipment with a total mass of up to 40 tons, for example a T-54 tank (36 tons) with ammunition and calculation, with the possibility of airborne landing of cargoes mono-cargoes weighing up to 16 tons. The cargo cabin could house 143 paratroopers or with landing of 170 soldiers.

The aircraft was equipped with two TVD NK-12M design N.D.Kuznetsov with the capacity of 15 000 shp each with four-bladed reversible coaxial propellers with a diameter of 6.4 m. An-20 was a monoplane of all-metal construction with a high-winged wing and single-tailed empennage.

To ensure landing, the tail section of the fuselage was raised and a large cargo hatch was organized in its lower part, which had an opening width of 3.8 and a length of 10.1 m. It was arranged in its lower part with two vertical doors, the front one of which was a ladder. When airborne, this wing was set to the horizontal position and serves as a continuation of the ladder, and the back was diverted upward. In the rear flap there was a hatch 2.8 m wide and 2.4 m long, closed by two flaps. The front leaf was a ladder. When airborne landing, the ramp was set to the horizontal position and serves as a continuation of the ladder, and the back deviates upward.

The cargo cabin was not hermetically sealed. The cargo unsealed cabin of the aircraft (length - 21 m with the front door, width - 3,6 m, height - 3,5 m) was designed for 143 paratroopers or landing landing - for 170 soldiers. The paratroopers were ejected into four streams: two - through landing hatchways in the floor of the front part of the cargo compartment and two - through the cargo hatch in the tail part of the fuselage. The floor was equipped with a system of mooring cargo and equipment, on the sides of the fuselage are installed folding landing seats. In the sanitary version, a standardized stretcher for transporting 144 wounded was installed in the cargo cabin. In the forward part of the fuselage there was a crew cabin (5 people) and a cabin of accompanying (27 people).

The wing of the trapezium-shaped aircraft in the plan with a span of 58 m and an area of ??278.8 m 2, of the konseon type, was equipped with double-sloping retractable flaps, the output and clearing of which are carried out by hydraulic lifters with electrical remote control. The pressure in the tires of the wheels makes it possible to take off and land the An-20 from dirt airfields. The chassis consisted of a front support with two wheels (1100 x 400 mm) and two main supports with carriages of four wheels (1450 x520 mm). Cleaning of the chassis supports was carried out as follows: front - forward in the niche of the fuselage, the main ones - forward in the fairings of the chassis. The pressure in the tires of the wheels allows the aircraft to operate from ground airfields.

Defensive armament was a fodder unit of two 23 mm AO-9 cannons, which was automatically controlled from the radar station or, in the event of a station failure, remotely by a flight engineer from the cockpit.

With a normal take-off weight of 108.3 tons, the aircraft at an altitude of 8,000 m develops a maximum speed of 690 km / h; with a maximum landing load of 40 tons, the range of flight was 2700 km, and at 25 tons - 5000 km; practical ceiling - 12 000 m: length of take-off - 1000 m; The length of the run was 1200 m.

In June 1958, the design of the An-20 was completed, and in August 1960 the works were stopped at the direction of the GKAT.