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Revolutionary Struggle [RS]
Epanastatikos Agonas [EA]

Revolutionary Struggle, a terrorist group that gained notoriety in 2007 when it attacked the U.S. Embassy with a rocket propelled grenade, advocates an anti-globalization and anarchist ideology. Its members have been charged with bombings of police stations and other symbols of national authority.

On April 22, 2009, the US Secretary of State designated Revolutionary Struggle (RS) as a Foreign Terrorist Organization (FTO) under Section 219 of the Immigration and Nationality Act, as amended (INA). RS is a Greek terrorist organization responsible for numerous terrorist acts against Greek, U.S., and other targets since 2003, including the 2007 RPG attack on the U.S. Embassy in Athens, Greece and the March 9, 2009 detonation of a bomb outside a Citibank branch in Athens. Secretary Clinton took this action in consultation with the Attorney General and the Secretary of the Treasury.

Designations of foreign terrorist organizations play a critical role in the fight against terrorism and are an effective means of curtailing support for terrorist activities and pressuring groups to get out of the terrorism business. The consequences of these designations include a prohibition against the provision of material support or resources to FTOs and the freezing of all property and interests in property of the organization that are in the United States, or come within the United States, or the control of U.S. persons.

Nikolaos Maziotis is the leader of the Greek terrorist organization, Revolutionary Struggle. He was arrested with six other alleged members of Revolutionary Struggle in 2010, but went missing in the middle of his trial. In April 2014, under the leadership of Maziotis, Revolutionary Struggle claimed responsibility for a bomb blast in central Athens outside the branch offices of the Greek central bank. On July 16, 2014, Maziotis was re-arrested by Greek police after a shootout in Athens’ central tourist district, which left four people wounded. Revolutionary Struggle was designated a foreign terrorist organization by the U.S. Department of State on May 18, 2009 and is most well-known for a rocket-propelled grenade attack on the U.S. Embassy in Athens in 2007.

On April 21, 2015 the U.S. Department of State designated Nikolaos Maziotis under Executive Order 13224, which targets terrorists and those providing support to terrorists or acts of terrorism. As a result of these designations, all property subject to U.S. jurisdiction in which Maziotis has any interest is blocked and any assets he may have under U.S. jurisdiction are frozen. U.S. persons are generally prohibited from engaging in any transactions with Maziotis, or to his benefit.

Three associates were arrested in May and September 2015 and charged with membership in a terrorist organization. The last associate, Maziotis’ spouse, Pola Roupa, was arrested in January 2017.

Radical anarchist groups use arson, gas canister attacks, and Molotov cocktails to promote their anarchist/leftist ideologies. These incidents have targeted journalists, politicians, and political party offices and appear to be an effort to cause property damage rather than death or physical injuries. Often, these groups make anonymous calls to the media and police or post messages on anarchist websites giving advance warning of an attack.

Anarchists have attacked U.S. multinational companies, resulting in significant property damage. Incendiary devices have been placed at both Greek and American ATMs, destroying several. Attacks against U.S. business interests are usually conducted with the intent to cause damage, embarrassment, or financial loss.