Harbin Y-11 CHAN - Design
The Yun-11 aircraft adopts the overall layout of twin engines, single wing with struts, and single vertical tail. The aircraft is 12 meters long, 17.01 meters wingspan, 4.64 meters high, and 34 square meters of wing area. The wing is a double-spar with diagonal strut structure, and the plane shape is rectangular. The leading edge slats that can be automatically opened according to the flight speed are installed on the leading edge of the wing, and the double-slit retracting flaps and the flaperons that are linked with the flaps are installed on the trailing edge of the wing to ensure that the aircraft has good performance.
The take-off and landing performance is excellent, the take-off roll distance is 160 meters, and the landing roll distance is only 140 meters. The requirements for the airport runway conditions are very low, and it can even take off and land on a simple site temporarily leveled next to the farmland and forest area. At the same time, the aircraft also has good low-altitude and low-speed performance. The maximum flight speed of the aircraft is 200 km/h, and the operating speed is only 160 km/h, which is conducive to ensuring the quality of agricultural and forestry aerial seeding and spraying operations and aerophysical exploration operations. The section of the fuselage is a rectangle with rounded corners. The nose is a cockpit that can accommodate two pilots. The cockpit is equipped with two large windshields. A certain improvement has been made, and the comfort has also been improved.
The tail of the Y-11 aircraft is composed of a trapezoidal vertical tail and a rectangular horizontal tail. The vertical stabilizer and the horizontal stabilizer are all-metal structures, while the elevator and rudder are covered with cloth. Since the control system is equipped with a hydraulic power assist system, in order to reduce the driver's joystick force and pedal force, the elevator and rudder use axial compensation and angle compensation. Because the design speed of the aircraft is not high and the design of the landing gear is considered to be simplified, the front three points cannot be retracted. The front landing gear is fixedly installed on the joint of the nose, and the main landing gear is! The steeds are mounted on the sub-wings on the lower part of the fuselage, the nose and main landing gear are simple struts, oil-mounted, see buffers for rough dirt runways. At the same time, the wheels of the landing gear also use low-pressure tires, and the main landing gear also adopts the form of double wheels, so that the aircraft can better meet the requirements of taking off and landing on simple soil runways or grass runways.
The power plant is two piston-6 type A nine-cylinder radial piston engines installed in the wing engine compartment. The propellers are J9-G1 automatic pitch two-blade metal propellers. The engines and propellers were also mass-produced at that time. The Chujiao-6 aircraft was used and proved to be safe and reliable. Piston-6A is based on the piston-6 type imitated from the Soviet A 11-14P engine by increasing the compression ratio to increase the output power. The maximum power is increased from 260 horsepower to 285 horsepower, and the rated power is increased from 220 horsepower to 270 horsepower. horsepower, while the engine's porch size and weight remain the same. Two metal fuel tanks are installed in the left and right wings respectively, and the maximum fuel capacity is 390 kg. Due to the low fuel consumption rate of the two piston-6A engines, the maximum range of the Y-11 aircraft is 965 kilometers, and the endurance time is 965 kilometers. Up to 7 hours and 30 minutes.
The prototype of China's Yun-11 transport aircraft used two TSIO-550-B piston engines from Continental Corporation, and later switched to two piston-6A engines.
The Y-11 aircraft cockpit instrument panel is equipped with conventional flight instruments and engine instruments, and the two pilots share the engine throttle console. In addition, the onboard equipment also includes CT-1 ultra-short wave radio, WL-7 radio compass and other communications Navigation equipment. There are also JDT-2 high-frequency radio, JT-5A intercom, WG-4 radio altimeter and XS-6 beacon receiver. Optional Collins VHF-251 VHF radio, HF-220 high frequency radio, ALT-55B radio altimeter, VIR-351 VHF omnidirectional beacon system, DME-451 rangefinder, TDR-950 air Traffic control transponder and MCS-65 gyroscopic magnetic compass.
With the above equipment, the Y-11 can fly in non-icing conditions under visual flight rules (VFR) and instrument flight rules (IFR). After the optional tail de-icing device is installed, it can meet the requirements of flying under icing conditions. The aircraft is equipped with a ventilation and heating system, and the windshield of the cockpit and the driver's feet are heated by the engine exhaust. The ram air inlet of the nose can suck in and send it to the cockpit for ventilation. There are 2 natural vents and 2 air outlets on the top of the cargo hold, and optional cabin heating and cabin forced ventilation.
There is a driver's boarding door on the left side of the cockpit and a small door to the cargo compartment at the rear. The middle of the fuselage is the cargo hold, with four square plexiglass portholes on each side wall, and two large and small cargo doors are opened on the left side of the cargo hold to facilitate boarding and loading of cargo. The pilot adopts the disc-type double control of the Y-column structure, and the foot control adopts the four-link mechanism foot pedal with adjustable front and rear positions. Electromechanical hybrid transmission flaps and ailerons, the rudder surface is controlled and controlled by a soft and hard hybrid mechanical transmission, and the adjustment pieces of the elevator and rudder are driven by an electric mechanism. The air-conditioning system is used for engine starting and main landing gear braking. The power system is 2 ZF-15 DC generators and 1 12HK-30 battery, and the AC power is supplied by GBL-250 single-phase converter and SBL-40, SBL-125 three-phase converter. Airborne equipment includes various instruments, GT-1 ultra-shortwave radio and WL-7 radio compass and other communication pilot equipment.
Four simple folding board chairs are arranged on both sides of the Y-11 cabin, which can free up more space for loading cargo, agricultural aerial spraying equipment or geological exploration instruments when folded and folded. The empty weight of the aircraft is 2090 kg, the maximum take-off weight is 3500 kg, and the commercial load is 800 kg. During agricultural spraying operations, a glass fiber reinforced plastic medicine box shared by powder and liquid agents can be installed in the cargo compartment , and a nylon seed bag with a volume of 1.4 cubic meters can be installed during seed sowing operations, and is equipped with constant type and ultra-high Low volume type two sets of spray equipment.
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