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Backbrief, Reduced force, or Full force: There are many different techniques available. All three types, as well as techniques, should be phased along a crawl, walk, and run concept.

1. Backbrief: Backbriefs identity problems and disconnects in execution, but to a lesser degree than a hands-on type of rehearsal. Unfortunately, 38 percent of task forces at the CTCs use backbriefs as their ONLY form of rehearsal. Many commanders do not understand that a backbrief is a type of rehearsal that should be used as frequently as possible, and in conjunction with other rehearsals. One of the best benefits of a backbrief is to clarify commander's intent; however, a backbrief should be combined with a rehearsal technique that involves the physical act of replicating the plan. Do not assume subordinates understand the mission and concept.

• Regardless of the name used, the idea is to increase understanding of Cdr's intent and synchronization through the verbal passing of information.
• The term used here is simply... backbrief.
• A backbrief is an event that can occur as frequently as necessary.
• A backbrief is often confused with coordination.
• Coordination could and should involve the participation of all personnel regardless of rank or position.
• On the other hand, a backbrief is primarily a commander's/leader's tool, and, is at a minimum, used on at least two occasions as in the following two examples:

WHAT: The backbrief is an event that occurs at the OPORD when subordinates repeat to the commander what he wanted them to do and why.

The subordinate company commanders and platoon leaders must identify all specified and implied missions, critical tasks, and give their restated mission. Subordinates should not leave the OPORD until they can accomplish this. Everyone should understand:

• Mission.
• Commander's intent.
• Concept.
• Their role and timing to complete their tasks.

WHEN: Can be done at any time during or after the OPORD is briefed. Normally conducted after the key leaders have had an opportunity to consider their actions, and what is required.

WHERE: At the orders group location before the subordinates depart.

WHO: All key leaders ..e.g., maneuver commanders as well as logisticians.

WHAT: The 2d backbrief is an event when the subordinate commanders tell the commander how they are going to accomplish the mission.

WHEN: After the subordinate has developed his plan.

WHERE: Ideally at a location overlooking the area of operations. May be at a critical location such as between two COs/TMs on the main avenue of approach.

WHO: The same participants involved in the orders group. At battalion level, normally received by either the S-3 or the Cdr.

• Anytime instruction or planning guidance is given.
• When new commanders or staff members are assigned.
• When personnel are tired or fatigued.

2. Reduced force:

• Smaller number of personnel can attend the rehearsal.
• Units replicate their actions on mockups... sand tables, smaller pieces of terrain than the actual operation.

When time is limited, or the tactical situation does not permit everyone to attend, then the rehearsal is conducted with a reduced force.

Even if time is not limited and everyone can attend, a reduced force rehearsal should be conducted prior to a full-force rehearsal.

3. Full force:

• All personnel are available/can attend.
• At every level, units replicate as closely as possible their actions, under realistic conditions.

Ideally, a unit would do a simulated combat rehearsal or a force-on-force MILES rehearsal.

When time is available, rehearse in good visibility on open terrain before gradually increasing the realistic conditions. As the rehearsal goes full speed, conduct it with full combat loads in similar conditions of terrain and visibility.

• For a platoon-size element, all personnel would attend, and all major tasks would be rehearsed.
• For a larger unit, such as a battalion TF, some tasks may have a reduced force type of rehearsal.

Table of Contents
Section II: Principles of Rehearsals
Section IV: Rehearsal Techniques