*FM 3-50
| Field Manual 3-50 |
Headquarters Department of the Army Washington, DC, 4 December 1990 |
FM 3-50 |
Smoke Operations |
| Editor's Note: Requirements of Change 1, 11 Septenber 1996, have been incorporated within the document. Changed or new material is indicated by an asterisk (*). |
| MEMORANDUM, SUBJECT: Request to Change Chemical Proponent Field Manual Distribution Restriction Statements, 6 October 2000, with 12 October 2000 e-mail endorsement. |
Table of Contents
Change 1, 11 September 1996
PREFACE
CHAPTER 1 - Introduction
Historical Perspective
Description of Smoke and Obscurants
Uses of Smoke and Obscurants
How and Where To Use Smoke
Categories of Smoke Operations
Smoke Planning
Operational Concept for Smoke and Obscurants
Operational Continuum
Spectrum of Conflict
The Battlefield
Battlefield Applications of Smoke
Smoke Delivery Means
Smoke Units
CHAPTER 2 - Threat
Reconnaissance, Surveillance, and Target Acquisition
Combined Arms Operations
Threat Smoke Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures
Threat Offensive Smoke Use
Threat Defensive Smoke Use
Commander's Considerations
US Countermeasures to Threat Use of Smoke
CHAPTER 3 - Offensive Operations
Historical Perspective
Tactics
CHAPTER 4 - Defensive Operations
Historical Perspective
Tactics
Elements of Defense
CHAPTER 5 - Other Tactical Operations
Tactics
Retrograde
Relief in Place
Passage of Lines
Linkup Operations
Breakout from Encirclement
River Crossings
Obstacle Breaching
Special Conditions or Environments
Deception
CHAPTER 6 - Sustainment Planning
Maintenance, Supplies, and Logistics
Fire Support and Security
Personnel Sustainment
CHAPTER 7 - Visual-Infrared Obscurants
APPENDIX A - Smoke Planning
Target Analysis Procedures
Planning Documents
Employment Matrixes
APPENDIX B - Electro-Optical Systems
Sensors and Effects
Directed-Energy Weapons
APPENDIX C - Means of Delivery
Artillery Munitions
Mortar Munitions
Rockets
Aircraft-Delivered Smoke
Rifle Grenades
Smoke Pots and Smoke Hand Grenades
Generators
Armored Vehicle Grenade Launchers
Vehicle Engine Exhaust System
Safety
APPENDIX D - US Smoke Organizations and Capabilities
Chemical Command and Control Headquarters
Smoke Generator Units
Chemical Unit Task Organizations
Capabilities
APPENDIX E - Smoke Support Sustainment Planning Tables
Smoke Pot Consumption
Fuel Consumption Tables
Ammunition Consumption Tables
APPENDIX F - Weather and Terrain
Weather
Terrain Effects
APPENDIX G - Obscurants and How They Work
Characteristics
Natural Obscurants
By-Product Obscurants
Artificial Obscurants
APPENDIX H - Probability of Detection
REFERENCES
GLOSSARY
AUTHORIZATION LETTER
DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. *This publication supersedes FM 3-50, 25 July 1984.
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