	*FM 3-34.343 (FM 5-446)
Field Manual No. 3-34.343	Headquarters Department of the Army Washington, DC, 12 February 2002

FM 3-34.343

MILITARY, NONSTANDARD FIXED BRIDGING

COVER
PREFACE
PART ONE	BASIC CONSIDERATIONS
Chapter 1	BACKGROUND INFORMATION
	General Concepts
	Bridge Design
	Army Facilities Components System
	Classification Information
	Engineer Responsibilities
	Supporting Information

Chapter 2	RECONNAISSANCE AND PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATIONS
	Hasty Reconnaissance
	Deliberate Reconnaissance
	Repair or Reconstruction
	New-Bridge Construction
	Site Requirements
	Survey Control
	Survey Drawings

PART TWO	CLASSIFICATION, REINFORCEMENT AND REPAIR, AND POSTING
Chapter 3	CLASSIFICATION
	Section I - Bridge-Classification Considerations
	Section II - Expedient Classification
	Hasty Method
	Track Commander's Bridge-Crossing Booklet
	Section III - Correlation-Curve Classification
	Correlation-Curve Applications
	Bridge Condition
	Span Length
	Correlation-Curve Uses
	Section IV - Analytical Bridge Classification
	Classification Assumptions
	Moment Classification for Simple Spans
	Moment Classification for Continuous Spans
	Roadway-Width Classification and Clearance Restrictions
	Solid-Sawn and Glue-Laminated Timber-Stringer Bridges
	Steel-Stringer Bridges
	Composite-Stringer Bridges
	Steel-Girder Bridges
	Truss Bridges
	Reinforced Concrete Slab Bridges
	Reinforced Concrete T-Beam Bridges
	Reinforced Concrete Box-Girder Bridges
	Prestressed Concrete Bridges
	Arch Bridges
	Movable Bridges
	Suspension Bridges
	Other Bridges

Chapter 4	REINFORCEMENT AND REPAIR
	Basic Considerations
	Hasty or Emergency Repairs
	Stringer Supports
	Stringer Reinforcement
	Steel Floor-Beam Reinforcement
	Truss Reinforcement and Repair
	Flooring Repair
	Masonry-Pier and -Abutment Repair
	Masonry-Arch-Bridge Repair

Chapter 5	POSTING
	Bridge-Classification Signs
	Traffic Controls

PART THREE	DESIGN
Chapter 6	BRIDGE SUPERSTRUCTURES
	Design Phases
	Design Sequence

Chapter 7	SUBSTRUCTURE DESIGN
	Abutment Design Procedure
	Abutment Designs
	Intermediate-Support Design

Chapter 8	SUSPENSION-BRIDGE DESIGN
	Descriptions
	Bridge Sites
	Design Factors
	Live Load
	Panels
	Suspenders
	Main Cables
	Backstays
	Towers
	Anchorages

Chapter 9	CONNECTIONS
	Timber Connections
	Steel Connections

Chapter 10	CONSTRUCTION
	Planning Process
	Material Preparation, Timber Framing
	Material Preparation, Steel Fabrication
	Safety
	Erection-Equipment Capacity
	Special Equipment
	Truck- and Crawler-Mounted Cranes
	Derricks
	Cableways
	Hoists
	Jacks
	Falsework
	Erection-Equipment Techniques
	Derrick Elevation
	Special Launching Methods (Steel Erection)
	Precautions
	Suspension-Bridge Construction

Chapter 11	INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE
	Inspection
	Maintenance

Chapter 12	BRIDGING IN ARCTIC AND SUBARCTIC ENVIRONMENTS
	Permafrost
	Transportation
	Thaw Effects
	Explosives
	Steel
	Wood
	Concrete
	Engineer Equipment
	Construction Schedules
	Bridge Foundations and Substructures
	Native Materials
	Foundation Survey
	Intermediate Supports
	Abutments
	Ice Removal
	Superstructure Principles
	Panel-Truss Bridges
	Timber-Truss Bridges
	Steel-Truss Bridges
	Fords
	Ice Crossings
	Expedient Ice-Bridge Construction
	Expedient Ice-Bridge Reinforcement and Repair

Appendix A	CONVERSION CHARTS

Appendix B	VEHICLE CLASSIFICATION
	Hypothetical Vehicles
	Standard Classification Curves
	Analytical Classification Procedure
	Expedient Classification Procedure
	Vehicle-Classification Signs

Appendix C	TIMBER PROPERTIES
	Civilian-Design Stress
	Military-Design Stress

Appendix D	STEEL PROPERTIES
	All-Purpose Steel
	High-Strength, Low-Alloy Steel
	Quench- and Tempered-Alloy Steel
	Steel Strengths
	Structural Shapes
	Unlisted-Beams Section Properties

Appendix E	STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
	Dead, Live, and Impact Loads
	Stresses
	Static Equilibrium
	Internal Reactions
	Shear and Moment Diagrams

Appendix F	CLASSIFICATION EXAMPLES
	Notations
	Timber-Stringer Bridge
	Steel-Stringer Bridge
	Composite Steel-Concrete Stringer Bridge
	Steel-Girder Bridge
	Truss Bridge
	Reinforced Concrete-Slab Bridge
	Reinforced Concrete T-Beam Bridge
	Reinforced Concrete-Box-Girder Bridge
	Prestressed Concrete Bridge
	Masonry-Arch Bridge

Appendix G	CONCRETE PROPERTIES
	General Properties
	Cement Types
	Mass-Concrete Structures
	Steel-Reinforced Concrete

Appendix H	SOIL PROPERTIES

Appendix I	SUPERSTRUCTURE DESIGN EXAMPLES
	Notations
	Timber-Stringer Superstructure with a Timber Deck
	Steel-Stringer Superstructure with a Concrete Deck

GLOSSARY
BIBLIOGRAPHY
AUTHENTICATION

DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

* This publication supersedes FM 5-446, 3 June 1991.

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FM 3-34.343

MILITARY, NONSTANDARD FIXED BRIDGING

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