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Yakhroma Multi-Band Radar

The Yakhroma will be a new version of the Voronezh meter wavelength radar. A source in the military-industrial complex told TASS that Yakhroma was unparalleled in the world. It will operate in four frequency ranges: meter, centimeter, decimeter, and millimeter ones and have a field of vision of 270 degrees. "This station has no analogues, it will operate in four bands: meter, centimeter, decimeter and millimeter," the source said. The station will enter the missile attack warning system. The main purpose of the system is to detect and escort ballistic missiles fired at the territory of the Russian Federation or its allies as soon as possible.

Yakhroma is the first city in the USSR that was liberated from the Germans in the Great Patriotic War. Here Soviet troops stopped the enemy in severe bloody battles in the autumn and winter of 1941-1942, and then defeated the German fascist armies. It was the beginning of a radical turn in the course of the War. The main battle for Yakhroma took place on 28 November 1941. During a... The main battle for Yakhroma took place on 28 November 1941. During a night attack the Nazis threw 14 tanks against Soviet infantry near the village Peremilovo. Our soldiers skillfully organized defense. By the morning of November 29 Peremilovo had been liberated.

Soviet and Russian missile warning radars are named after rivers. Yakhroma is a river in the Moscow region of Russia, the right tributary of the Sestra River. It originates in a swamp near the village of Martyankovo, Pushkinsky district, on the slopes of the Klinsko-Dmitrovskaya ridge, flows northward along a narrow valley. Near the town of Dmitrov, the river falls into a vast (up to 8 km wide) peat basin (the thickness of the peat deposit is up to 14 m), formed in the pre-glacial time, it is usually called the Yakhroma floodplain. Such valleys are called pradolin. After 20-25 km along the course of the river, the floodplain merges with the valley of the Sestra River and passes into the Upper Volga Lowland. On the river are the cities of Yakhroma, Dmitrov. There are many historical sites on the river. As a rule, rafting on the river is combined with rafting on the Sestra river. Yakhroma is a small town in the Moscow region, located on the banks of the Moscow Canal, 55 kilometers from the capital of Russia. From November to December 1941, the city was under German occupation. The Yakhroma river flows through the city. The name of the river and city is translated from the old Meryan language as "lake river".

Drainage of the Yakhroma floodplain began in 1912. An experimental scientific station (MOBOS, TsTBOS, now the Dmitrov branch of VNIIMZ) has been operating since 1915. The work carried out at the station made a significant contribution to the study of the properties and evolution of reclaimed peatlands. In the 1930s, construction of the Moscow-Volga Canal named after V.I.Stalin was carried out by the prisoners of the Moscow region. In the spring of 1937, the Moskva-Volga canal was completely filled with water.

Before the construction of the canal. Moscow had a length of 78 km, flowing into the river. Sister at the village of Ust-Pristan. Now it is divided by the canal into two parts: the upper one - from the sources to the Yakhroma reservoir, to the north of the Tourist station of the Savyolovskaya railway, the lower one starts to the west of the canal, where the water discharged from the canal merges with the waters of the Yakhroma tributaries - the Volgush and Iksha.

Holidays on the river Yakhroma provide a modern recreation with a rich infrastructure. For an active holiday in summer or winter has created all necessary conditions. Rustic hotels in the summer attract horseback riding, beach soccer and volleyball, Quad Biking, helicopters, Segways, water Polo. Fans of fishing can be arranged fishing with the instructor in Yakhroma, pike, bream, roach, perch. Stay in Yakhroma is distinguished by its convenient location and especially appreciated by the Muscovites.

Currently, Russia’s missile attack warning system consists of two layers: a cluster of four space satellites Tundra and a ground network of Voronezh radars, which monitor all potentially risky directions. The system’s main task is to promptly spot and track ballistic missiles launched at the territory of Russia or its allies.

Voronezh has disadvantages. In particular, to ensure the operation of all three bands requires the deployment of several systems, which complicates their synchronization and maintenance. In addition, the station's viewing angle is limited to 160-240 degrees. Without exaggeration, the revolutionary Yakhroma radar station is designed to solve the above problems. Despite the strict secrecy, it is already known that one radar array of the new station will be able to operate simultaneously in three bands. In addition, the Crimean radar will receive a viewing angle of more than 270 degrees, and the target detection range will increase by 2 thousand km.

A source in the military-industrial complex told TASS 12 January 2021 that the newest missile attack warning radar Yakhroma will be built on the Chukchi Sea by 2030, reported the news agency today. "The radar will operate in the automatic mode, with no personnel permanently present at the facility," TASS qouted its source. The Russian Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu had said at the end of December 2020, at the year-end ministerial board meeting that the Defence Ministry would start building the Yakhroma radar in Sevastopol, Crimea, in 2021.

Specialists were preparing to start assembling the latest Yakhroma radar station in Crimea to make part of Russia’s missile attack early warning system, Chief Designer of the Research Institute for Long-Range Radio Communications (within RTI Group) Sergei Saprykin told TASS on 15 February 2021. "The works are in full swing to develop equipment and software (considering the vast potential accumulated from the previous versions of radars), begin the manufacturing process and prepare the Crimean facility for the assembly. The radar will go on combat alert within the designated timeframe, in accordance with the schedule approved by the defense minister," he said. The radar will "integrate the latest solutions on digitalization in the hardware, which gives the chief designer a free hand in applying science-intensive algorithms of processing the data received on targets," Saprykin said. It will be deployed between the decimeter Voronezh stations in Armavir and Kaliningrad, thus completing the work on building a two-range radar field, he said.

"The Yakhroma concludes the series of meter wavelength radars. Further on, there are plans to upgrade and build up the potential of deployed meter wavelength stations based on their integrated technologies," the chief designer said.