They have established a very unfair world order and this test of ours is in a very humble way an assertion of the fact that we understand this and now you cannot impose another unfair item through this unfair global system that you will have the monopoly of the nuclear power and no one else will have. This is what the issue is. We must understand that. We are not against anybody. We are only saying that the world should understand that this system will not work.Now, let me state what our point is. This test is not only for our security, it is really for world peace because what we have demonstrated is that this monopoly power cannot be allowed and if you want real world peace, you must eliminate all weapons. We will not carry out any tests. You must have an international agreement that all nuclear stockpiles will be eliminated within a specified period and no test will be done in the laboratory or elsewhere. Now, once you have completed the tests and developed the technology, it gives you all the benefits of a laboratory test. Now, even in the laboratory, they are developing a warhead which can penetrate deep into the earth. They need not test now. On the one hand, they are acquiring more and more lethal and dangerous technology and on the other hand, they are telling us that we should not do anything. By doing this, they will be dominating the world completely by this technology. So, if they are really concerned with the world peace and international stability, then we must have a new and a genuine Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, a genuine control over the weapons. If they can have control over biological weapons or eliminate biological or chemical weapons, then why not the atomic weapons?
I will just go through the opinion of the International Court of Justice. Now, why are these cartels not sensitive to the unanimous view expressed by the International Court of Justice?
I will just quote one line from that. What does the International Court of Justice say? This is a unanimous view. There are some other views also. But so far as this aspect is concerned, this is a unanimous view. It says:
"There exists an obligation to pursue in good faith and to bring to a conclusion negotiations leading to nuclear disarmament in all its aspects under strict and effective international control."
We will be the first party to this kind of an arrangement. Let everybody be equal. Let nobody has this threatening power in his hand.
Then, there are many new Commissions and there is the very famous Canberra Commission. I will read just one paragraph from its recent report. It says:
"The Canberra Commission is persuaded that immediate and determined efforts need to be made to rid the world of nuclear weapons and the threat they pose to it....Nuclear weapons are held by a handful of States which insist that these weapons provide unique security benefits, and yet reserve uniquely to themselves the right to own them. This situation is highly discriminatory and unstable; it cannot be sustained; it must be quickly changed."
Sir, what was India's stand in the International Court of Justice? What was our submission there? Our submission was that we stand by this that there should be a total, real and genuine disarmament as early as possible so that all the world resources could be devoted towards peace, progress and development. If there is equitable distribution of resources and a saving from disarmament, it would help development. Even now, the United States of America is spending $33 billion only on maintenance of stockpiles of nuclear weapons and $4 million every year just to have a sort of screening from the missile attack. So, trillions of dollars are being spent and they can all be saved. Why do these sensitive people who are now constituting the cartel not listen to the advice of the International Court of Justice and also to the advice of Commissions like the Canberra Commission?
Sir, President Clinton has said that India need not have done these tests. He also said that India is going to be a great power in the 21st Century. I would pose a counter question. America is a great country. It is a great civilization. We all respect them for their enterprise, for their initiative, for the great work that they have done and for the great achievements that they have made. But why are they being monopolists? Why do they want to act as a global constable? Why do they not agree to this opinion of the International Court of Justice or why do they not listen to the opinion of the Canberra Commission?
I would also like to remind President Clinton what their own former Presidents Eisenhower, Kennedy and former Defence Secretary McNamara had said. President Woodrow Wilson had said in 1915 that America was created to serve the humanity. Let me just quote a few lines from the address which he gave to the American nationals of foreign origin. He said:
"You do not love humanity if you seek to divide humanity in jealous camps...."
The present policy against which we are asserting ourselves is of dividing the world in jealous camps.
What does it say further? It says:
"America was created to serve the humanity and not to divide mankind."
Should President Clinton not take this message to the 21st Century? What did President Eisenhower say in his farewell address? The point that he made was that every atom bomb exploded will mean millions of hungry people and millions of waterless people. So, you must stop that. What was President Kennedy's message? He said that all these weapons of war must be abolished before they abolish us. What was McNamara's message? He said: "The best security is development and without development there can be no security".
So, if all these principles are followed all over the world, the world will really become a great world in the 21st Century. We will make our contribution. We are a great civilization. Our value system is that we are one great family. That is our culture, that is our civilization and we would like to make that contribution. As Arnold Tony had said, the 21st Century belongs to India. What he really meant was that the value systems of India would dominate the new world. Let us all cooperate and create a peaceful and progressive world which is free from hunger, which is free from disease and India will contribute to that. India's contribution to that has always been very humble and at the same time, of high order.
I would once again say that this issue should be considered in the larger perspective and our technology and knowhow is really meant for our own self-defence and for peaceful purposes. Ultimately, we will convert all these for peaceful purposes.
I would again say that we are neither against Pakistan nor against China. We only want that when we sit at the negotiating table, they should not get the impression that we are a weak nation and we can be pushed around.
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+É{É EòÖUô Eò½þxÉÉ SÉɽþiÉä ½þèÆ VÉMɨÉÉä½þxÉ VÉÒ?
SHRI JAG MOHAN : I only said that it has been reported in the press that this decision was pending with every Prime Minister. I did not say that I believe in it.
SHRI CHANDRA SHEKHAR : It is totally wrong. No such decision was pending before any Prime Minister. This is totally incorrect. It is irresponsible. It is maligning the whole system of Government in this country.
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