TU-330 Design
The medium transport aircraft Tupolev Tu-330 is offered to customers as a bulk cargo aircraft for replacement of physically and morally outdated fleet of An-12, as well as, to some extent, IL-76TD. The plane was conceived as a development of the passenger liner Tu-204, from which it borrowed wing, cockpit and a number of major systems (standardization of the construction is 70%), fuselage and landing gear were initially proposed. This has created some confusion, since the nomenclature Tu-204-300 was initially associated with this cargo variant. Subsequently the cargo variant was designated Tu-330, and the Tu-204-300 nomenclature was recycled for a new passenger variant of the Tu-204.
Its extended transportation and operating capacities make it multi-purpose. TU-330 aircraft can be powered by various Russian and foreign engines (PS-90A, RB-211-535FS, PW2240) as well as by NK-93 - new advanced high-efficient fan engines with the highest bypass ratio. TU-330 aircraft could be built very quickly since this aircraft is 70% completely similar to TU-214 and TU-204 that are already in operation. This includes unification of the cockpit and the avionics with modern long-range passenger planes, with the possibility of further development of architecture and composition of flight navigation system and other systems of special equipment. All these aircraft are provided with unified cockpit, engines, fuel tanks and many other things. They will differ by cargo compartment only.
TU-330 aircraft is the most compliable with Air Force and Civil Aviation requirements by parameter "transported cargo - range": according to Air Force 72% of transportation are made with cargo of 20-25 tones for the range of 3000 km; according to Gos NIIGA IL-76 is currently carrying not more than 25 tones (up to 90% of all transportation).
As is well known, 2/3 territories of Russia does not have transportation to remote regions. The hard-to-reach areas of the North, Siberia and the far East, where the country's main natural resources are concentrated, largely depends on the presence in Russia of a modern transport aircraft.
In the USSR, in the specific geographic, natural and historical conditions, great attention was given to the development of air transport, which developed a system of freight traffic, mainly oriented to specific regions of the country. While great importance was attached to the equipment of the armed forces of modern transport and landing transport aircraft of various applications, which significantly improved the mobility of the various branches of the armed forces and, above all, the Airborne Army compounds, in the Soviet period, performing the role of the main mobile force in carrying out the various operations of the military-politicaltechnical nature.
Since the late 1950s in the USSR built 1162 of the An-12, 1000 IL-76 and 2000 cargo planes of other types. These machines, with universal capabilities, are still widely used for the various branches of the national economy of the country, as well as in the armed forces of Russia, CIS countries and in some foreign countries to which they were exported. Thus, to date, has created a situation in which the Russian cargo planes inventory is represented mainly by the development of 1950s-1970's - technically obsolete machines (an-26, an-74, an-12 and IL-76) - mostly inefficient gas-guzzling planes in its technical level does not correspond to modern requirements.
The use of commercial modifications modern main-line passenger planes of both domestic and Western production solves the problem only partially, because these machines in their little design features adapted for the transport of large-size equipment, as well as its landing in case of the use of aircraft in the armed forces.
For ASTC. A.n. Tupolev subject establishment of cargo aircraft for the army and national economy cuts across all of the more than 75-year-old period of existence of "Tu". Feature build cargo planes ANTONOV ASTC has been in use as a basic design of passenger or military aircraft, developed by the design Bureau. In some cases, at the same time were two close on aircraft construction, but for different purposes (bomber-military transport or cargo aircraft, passenger-cargo or military transport aircraft).
Given the status of cargo planes in the country and analyzing the experience and expertise of other countries in the field of experimental cargo aircraft, Antonov Design Bureau. A.n. Tupolev in the mid-1990s developed a program of "freighters", which included the replacement of obsolete domestic cargo planes of various types of transport aircraft of the new generation, designed with the latest achievements of aviation science and technology.
The program provided for optimization of standard series of cargo transport aircraft due to the commissioning of a new medium transport Tu-330, regional transport aircraft Tu-230, convertible to use aircraft for local airlines Tu-130 (later replaced by the project 136), implementation of which will allow solution of the most complex tasks effectively, air transport system of the country, and address the many challenges facing aviation special purpose, including the special operations aircraft included in the Defense Ministry.
The TU-330 is a monoplane with swept wings and a swept tail unit. The wing and tail are based on the Tu-204, retaining the highest aerodynamic qualities of the latter. The fuselage was a new desingn for the aircraft cargo compartment. In the rear part of the fuselage is cargo door with ladder-landing ramp. Two PS-90a high bypass turbofan engines (take-off thrust each 16140 kgf) are installed on pylons under the wing.
The design allows easy navigations through further upgrades to aircraft engines of larger dimensions (larger bypass). At the request of the customer the possibility of replacing engines ANTK PS-90a with the NK-93, as well as the engines of the known Western companies "Rolls Royce and Pratt and Whitney, similar in its characteristics to the domestic, the latter should significantly enhance the export opportunities of the aircraft.
In the rear part of the fuselage mounted MAT type TA 12-60. Landing gear consists of six main fully autonomous racks with two braking wheels on each rack. Front with two wheels. The chassis provides aircraft operation with aprons and runways. Among the new designs used in the design of the TU-330, are include an upgraded system of aircraft controls with central handles instead of traditional wheels, flat glass Lantern cabin crew and abandoning the lateral cusps cargo hatch. A large pressurized cargo compartment (330 cubic meters) has a built-in set of transport equipment providing loading-unloading works without the use of land resources, as well as the kind of people, goods and vehicles, including canopies.
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