Tactical

Otdelenie “Separation” - Branch or squad, is the lowest tactical unit in the armed forces of many states of the world. (calculation for artillery, crew for tankers). In countries following the British Army tradition, this organization is referred to as a section. Armed with an AK74, the motorized rifle squad consists of 9-13 people (in addition to the squad commander: grenade launcher, private with RPG-7, PM; assistant gunner, private with AK74; machine gunner, private with RPK74; senior shooter, corporal with AK74; 3 ... 5 arrows, privates with AK74; mechanic driver BMP and gunner-operator \ machine gunner BMP \ BMP). The squad is named for its type of troops (tank, motorized rifle, engineer-sapper, communications)

Several squads comprise a platoon (from 2 to 4x). A platoon is named after its type of troops (tank, motorized rifle, engineer-sapper, communications). The first platoons in Russia were created at the end of the 17th century in infantry and cavalry, and later in artillery as a structural part of a company, squadron and battery. During the creation of new types of troops (tank, airborne) and the development of troops for combat and rear support of troops (engineering, communications, railway, etc.), platoons became an integral part of their organizational structure. The size of the platoon personnel depends on its type. For example, in the Soviet army of the late 80s, platoons, depending on their destination, had a strength of 28 people in the BMP / BTR motorized rifle platoon, or 12 tank platoon (motorized rifle regiment).

Company ["Rota"] (battery for artillery and squadron for cavalry). Several platoons make up a company (from 2 to 4). In addition to platoons, compartments not included in platoons may enter a company. A company is a formation that can perform independent tasks on the battlefield. The strength ranges from 18 to 200 people (motorized rifle companies 130 ... 150 people; tank 30 ... 35 people). In a motorized rifle company there are three motorized rifle platoons, a machine gun squad, and an anti-tank squad. The company is named for its type of troops (tank, motorized rifle, engineer-sapper, communications). Usually a company is part of a battalion, but often the existence of a company, as independent formations. In artillery, the formation of this type is called the battery, in the cavalry squadron.

Several companies (from 2 to 4) make up a battalion (A division for artillery.), platoons not included in companies also enter the battalion. The battalion is named for its type of troops (tank, motorized rifle, engineer-sapper, communications). But the battalion includes the formation of other types of weapons (For example, in the motorized rifle battalion, in addition to motorized rifle companies there is a mortar battery, a platoon of material support, a platoon of communications.) The battalion has its headquarters. The strength is from 250 to 950 people (theoretically, the number of battalions is possible and less). The name of the formation (detachment, platoon, company, etc) depends not on the size of the personnel, but on the type of troops and those tactical tasks that are assigned to the formation of this type. Hence, such a spread in the number of personnel in formations having the same name.

In the Soviet and Russian army, the regiment [Polka, aka "shelf"] was the main (some would say - key) tactical formation and a formation that is completely autonomous in the economic sense. The regiment is commanded by the colonel. Although the regiments are named according to the combat arms (tank, motorized rifle, communications, pontoon-bridge, etc.), but in fact it is a formation consisting of units of many military branches, and the name is given according to the prevailing military branch. Consists of at least 3 ... 4 battalions. (2 ... 3 battalions of the armed forces). (For example, in a motorized rifle regiment 2 ... 3 motorized rifle battalions, one tank battalion, one artillery battalion (battalion), one anti-aircraft missile battalion, reconnaissance company, engineer-sapper company, communications company, anti-tank battery, chemical defense platoon, repair company, material support company, orchestra, medical center).

The regiment, as a combat structure, usually includes subdivisions of various types of troops in addition to the main (most numerous), in order to maintain maximum independence and the ability to withstand various threats in the theater of operations. At the same time, the regiments are divided not only by the types of troops, but also by the nature of the tasks performed, and are also named according to the nature of the main type of weapons.

The motorized rifle regiment according to the state consists of a headquarters, three motorized rifle battalions (36 infantry fighting vehicles + 5 armored personnel carriers or 40 armored personnel carriers each), a tank battalion (36-40 tanks), an anti-aircraft missile artillery battalion, an artillery battalion, an anti-tank battery, an electronic warfare company, a company communications, RKhBZ company, material support company, reconnaissance company, engineer company, repair company, medical company, commandant platoon and orchestra.

This composition of the regiment pursues the goal of ensuring a fairly high level of autonomy in the conduct of hostilities by the forces of one formation. Carrying out tasks of both offensive and defensive nature against enemy ground units. At the same time, the regiment has the necessary measures to protect against chemical and biological weapons, can fight enemy armored vehicles due to the reinforcement of the tank battalion and the presence of anti-tank weapons, and also has some defense capabilities against an attack by an air enemy, thanks to the presence of anti-aircraft artillery, MANPADS, ZRAK and small air defense systems range.

The total number of 1400-1500 people are in a tank regiment. The combat structure of a tank regiment is similar to a motorized rifle regiment, only there are 3 tank battalions (31 tanks each) and one reinforced motorized rifle battalion (42 infantry fighting vehicles). Tank formations are the heavy strike power of the ground forces, designed both for defensive tasks and for offensive operations associated with breaking through the enemy’s fortified positions with deep penetration into the rear. The greatest threat to armored vehicles is currently posed by enemy bomber and attack aircraft, as well as specialized anti-tank helicopters. The anti-aircraft subunits in the composition of the tank regiment are represented by short-range air defense systems and therefore cannot fully counteract the air attack forces. Full-fledged cover for the advancing tank units is carried out by specialized air defense formations armed with medium and long-range complexes, as well as fighter aircraft.

The Brigade was an intermediate element (so to speak) from regiment to division. The main difference from the regiment is a greater number of both battalions and other units. (Say, there are two tank battalions in MTB) A brigade can also consist of 2 regiments. A brigade organization is a troop structure in which the bulk of combat formations are represented by separate (not part of the divisions) brigades of various types. The advantage of individual brigades over divisions is their higher maneuverability. The heterogeneity and autonomy of the combat personnel makes it possible for the brigade to reorganize the battle order in a shorter time, to regroup within the operational direction along the front and depth. Brigades with operational-tactical independence can act for a long time in isolation from the main forces in disparate directions.

In the ground forces since the late 1990s, the transition began from the division organization of troops to the brigade organization, primarily associated with the reduction of troops. With the assumption of the post of Minister of Defense A.E. Serdyukov, the process of converting divisions into brigades increased the scope. With the advent of S.K.Shoigu, the reverse process of the revival of motorized rifle and tank divisions was observed to some extent.

Operational

A divisional organization is a structure of troops in which the main part of combat formations is represented by divisions of various types (motorized infantry, infantry, tank, armored, mechanized, airborne, etc.).After the Great Patriotic War, mechanized and tank corps were reorganized into mechanized and tank divisions. In the period from 1957 to 1963, motorized rifle divisions were created on the basis of rifle and mechanized divisions, which, together with tank divisions, became the basis of the ground forces.

The Division was the main operational-tactical formation of the Soviet Army. As with the regiment is named according to the predominant type of troops in it. However, the predominance of one kind or another of the troops is much smaller than in the regiment. Although it is called by the type of the predominant troops, in fact, the predominance can differ only by one regiment (say in a motorized rifle division, two motorized rifle regiments, in a tank division, on the contrary, one armored rifle regiment in two tank regiments).

In addition to these main regiments, the division has one or two artillery regiments, one anti-aircraft missile regiment, a jet division, a missile division, a helicopter squadron, an engineer and combat battalion, a communications battalion, an automobile battalion, an reconnaissance battalion, an electronic warfare battalion, material support battalion. repair and restoration battalion, health battalion, chemical defense company and several different auxiliary companies and platoons.

In the modern Russian Army, there were divisions or may be armored, motorized rifle, artillery, airborne, missile and aviation. In other branches of the army, as a rule, the highest formation is a regiment or brigade. On average, 12-24 thousand people were in the division. Division commander major general. motorized rifle, artillery, airborne, missile and aviation. In other branches of the army, as a rule, the highest formation is a regiment or brigade. On average, 12-24 thousand people are in the division.

Intermediate military formation between division to army. The corps is a combined arms formation, such as an Army Corps or Air Defense Corps. The corps was usually created in those cases when the formation of the army was impractical. After completing a combat mission, the corps disbanded. Corps commander is a lieutenant general. The Corps is an operational-tactical association designed to carry out tasks in one operational area by conducting corps defensive or offensive operations . It consists of 2-3 motorized rifle (tank) brigades, corps formations and units of the combat arms, special forces and rear. It has a sufficiently high firepower, shock force and mobility , which allows it to successfully operate in various conditions.

The Corps / Korpus echelon is problematic, as the extant units are Naval Infantry Coastal Defense units, with one per fleet. These formations do not amounut to the multi-Division formations typically associated with the "Corps" nomenclature, but rather are collections of a few Brigades that really seem not to even amount to Divisions [now a seldom encoutered echelon]. The Ground Forces seem not to have peacetime Corps.

In this case, the army as a military formation. The army is a large military formation of operational designation. The army includes divisions, regiments, battalions of all military branches. An army may also contain one or more corps. The rank of commander is an Army Colonel General. An army is usually not formed in peacetime and regiments, divisions and battalions are part of the District.

District (during the wartime Front) is the highest military formation. The front includes several armies, corps, divisions, regiments, battalions of all military branches. Fronts are never subdivided by branches of service. The front (district) is headed by the commander of the front (district) with the rank of army general. In Russia there were 6 military districts, 4 military fleets as of May 2007).

Other Unit Nomenclature

These are all military units that make up the unit. Detachment, platoon, company, battalion - all of them are united by one word "division". The word comes from the concept of division, divide. Those. part is divided into units. Division is a multi-valued term. Unit is the general name of military units, organizationally independent military and administrative units. A unit is a formal group in an organization that is responsible for performing a specific set of tasks. Subdivision is the process of the systematic division of certain sets into subgroups according to some common feature.

A Chast [= Part, or unit] is a main unit of the Armed Forces. Most often, a regiment or brigade is understood as a unit. For a part, it is characteristic:

• availability of their own paperwork,
• military economy,
• availability of a bank account,
• postal and telegraphic addresses,
• presence of their own official stamp,
• commander's right to give written orders,
• an open (e.g. 44 training tank division) and closed (military unit 08728) combined arms numbers.
• Having a Battle Banner is optional for a part.

In addition to the regiment and brigade, the divisions headquarters, corps headquarters, army headquarters, district headquarters, as well as other military organizations (voentorg, army hospital, garrison clinic, district food warehouse, district song and dance ensemble, officers garrison house, garrison factory services, central school of junior specialists, military school, military institute, etc.) In some cases, a Unit may be of another unit than a regiment or brigade. Battalion, Rota, and even a platoon. Such parts are referred to as “separate” before the name.

Compound refers to united parts of a Division. More rarely, the Brigade.

Association / Unification is a term uniting a corps, army, army group and front (district).

The Operational manoeuvre group (OMG) was a Soviet Army organisational maneuver warfare concept created during the early 1950s to replace the Cavalry mechanized group which performed the deep operations on the Eastern Front during the Great Patriotic War. In the 1980s, the Soviets began to form new corps-type structures. These corps are divisions expanded to almost twice the size of a Tank Division. They were ideally suited to act as an operational maneuver group (OMG)for the front, conducting high-speed operations deep in an enemy's rear area. These NAC formations contain around 400 tanks, 750 infantry fighting vehicles (IFVs) and armored personnel carriers (APCs),and 300 artillery pieces and multiple rocket launchers (MRLs).