Naval Infantry / Infanteria de Marina
History
After the Declaration of national independence and the foundation of the Navy, on October 23, 1821. Jorge Martín Guise, Commander General of the Navy, requested an allocation of Garrison composed of 38 troops, which were intended for the brigs Balcarce and Belgrano and on 6 November of that year, the formation of the battalion of the Navy requested the Minister of war and Navy. On June 2, 1823, the marine battalion whose troops had increased to two battalions, forming the Marine Brigade, participated in the attack and occupation of Arica, then in Spanish power; in this regard, Guise reported that it had carried out action with marked success when taken the city, helped the small number of soldiers and crew of my frigate, again blazing the flag of my country.
The Marine Brigade took prominence during the war of the Confederation and Chile, in the RAID on Talcahuano on November 23, 1837. The year 1847 President Ramón Castilla in its program of reorganization of the Navy ordered six companies for Marine Corps. That same year, in the effort to integrate the Amazon, troops of the battalion was sent to establish strong San Ramón in Chanchamayo. Seven years later increased the number of infantry of Navy men on this mission, later created the Loreto marine column on the basis of the marine battalion. The 1970s is development and there is often some distortion in the Organization, which is year 1872 during the revolution of the Gutierrez hermanos, consolidated in the "pichincha" battalion marine infantry units.
At the start of the war of Guano and saltpetre, battalion Lima No 8 is the closest representative of the Marine Corps; as to the Constitution column in charge of the captain of frigate José Sánchez Lagomarsino, is aimed at the service of the fortifications of Arica and ships of the squadron. After the accident of the frigate independence, on May 21, 1879, the Captain Juan Guillermo More and much of the funding covered posts at the port of Arica integrating the defense of coast and later single on June 7, 1880, at the battle of Arica. On January 10, 1880 was created the marine garrison battalion in direct dependence of the Commander of the Navy with an effective of 600 men. The Captain Juan Manuel Fanning was first head and with him were named 37 officers of Navy and army to cover all officials of the General staff and six companies had. These included the captains Mariano Bustamante and Manuel Arellano, as well as the cirujando Philip Rotalde, the three had made the naval campaign aboard the monitor Huáscar.
The Marine Corps participated in the battle of Miraflores on January 15, 1881 with the marine garrison battalions composed of 524 men led by Juan Fanning and guard Chalaca of three companies under the command of Captain Carlos Arrieta frigate. Both heads in battle and died with them almost the entire staff. The legendary harangue of Fanning: forward MARINA, MARINA forward, today is the Marine Corps force motto. On January 15, 1881 Astete, after the battle at the battle of Miraflores says goodbye to his family and embarks on trip to the mountains to join the emerging forces of resistance by general Andrés Avelino Cáceres. The battles of Pucará, Marcavalle and conception would culminate with the Huamachuco on July 10, 1883, where he dies on horseback leading his troops.
On February 2, 1919 marked the date of revival, to create the marine battalion with two rifle companies, a machine gun section and a section of services. Command was given to the captain of Corvette, Héctor Mercado, who would be replaced in November 1920 by frigate Captain Moses pine Basurco.
The protection of the oil port of Talara, with support from the United States of America, was a defensive system of the continent with the channel Panama; the Naval Service of defence costs to be later called Naval defence of coast of Talara was born in such circumstances in 1942. June 9, 1943, Republic President Manuel Prado and the Minister of Navy Rear Admiral Federico Díaz Dulanto, decreed the creation of command naval force, the same from April 3, 1946 by Supreme Decree No. 11 as Marine Corps, an integral part of the Naval Force of coast defence.
In 1952 the incorporation of the first ship in the fleet, the BAP Chimbote, landing meant a transcendental milestone for the activities of the Marine Corps; It was transferred to the army a battery of field artillery group in exchange for light weapons to organize a battalion of marine infantry, and a new landing ship, the BAP Paita which arrived at Callao on 22 April 1959, strengthen the organization by creating in 1960 the marine infantry battalion, called the marine garrison, a member of the Naval coastal defence force.
The subsequent incorporation of the landing ships BAP Lomas and penthouse transport attack independence, joined later that marks a new milestone in the Marine Corps to facilitate the training of its personnel in amphibious operations. On October 8, 1971 was inaugurated the Naval Station of ancon and a year later, the company commands amphibians whose logistics are increased with the amphibian vehicle battalion. At the time, settled in Tumbes, Iquitos and Mollendo Marine Corps detachments.
The Marine Corps force has always demonstrated its combative capacity wherever their presence has been required. He had outstanding participation in the fight against terrorism, the first in the rugged geography of Ayacucho from 1985 until 1991, forming the task force, 90; He then moved his actions to the departments of Loreto and Ucayali, Peru. Its high capacity as a deterrent put in evidence during the conflict with Ecuador in 1995 through its elements of command amphibians in Alto Cenepa company and in 1997, the team of operation Chavín de Huantar, whose execution was world-renowned as impeccable to liberate the 72 hostages in the residence of the Ambassador of Japan in Lima on April 22 of that year they integrated successfully.
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