Struggle
One of the most famous techniques of Maoist Marxism is the "struggle session" (dňuzheng, or pipŕn dňuzheng, “critical struggle”; or sometimes just pidňu, also called “denunciation” sessions). They were made famous during Mao's Cultural Revolution (1966-1976), but they were utilized in the Chinese thought-reform (xinao, lit. "wash brain" or brainwashing) prisons starting in the early 1950s under the CCP. The psychological analysis of that process was presented in Robert Jay Lifton's book Thought Reform and the Psychology of Totalism: A Study of "Brainwashing" in China (https://amzn.to/3ulwEkf ).
The term criticize, pronounced pi dňu, of the Cultural Revolution, was the abbreviation of "Fighting Selfishness and Criticizing Cultivation". It was often carried out in the form of "criticism conference", "criticism meeting", "street parade", " fighting ", "literary attack and military defense". Criticism is to point out the mistakes of the dissatisfied person or thing with everyone's permission, and then put it on the table and everyone criticizes the person or thing together. Such criticism must be in a prominent place, and most people must know it. "Criticism" is a Chinese term, which was a very distinctive feature of the Cultural Revolution. The targets of criticism included: intellectuals, landlords, businessmen, monks, nuns, priests, old people and children, and even revered as "teachers of all ages" by future rulers Confucius , etc., and even those in power were publicly criticized, including Liu Shaoqi, Peng Dehuai and so on.
Political struggle [zhčng zhě dňu zheng] generally refers to the struggle of the proletariat to overthrow the reactionary rule of the exploiting classes and establish and consolidate the dictatorship of the proletariat . It is the highest form and the main decisive form of proletarian struggle, and it also generally refers to the struggle for certain political goals between various classes , political parties and political groups, between countries or political forces in the world. It is usually carried out in conjunction with economic struggles and ideological struggles, but they are different from each other. Armed struggle is also political struggle, and it is the highest form of class struggle as a whole.
In socialist China, the exploiting class as a class has been eliminated, and the situation and conditions of political struggle have undergone tremendous changes. In the political struggle surrounding the adherence to the Four Cardinal Principles , the central issue is still the regime issue, that is , the struggle to consolidate the state power of the people's democratic dictatorship or to change the nature of this regime. On the other hand, this kind of political struggle is often manifested as ideological and theoretical struggle in the field of ideology . Judging from the trend of historical development, with the final elimination of classes and the realization of communism , political struggle will also complete its historical mission.
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China that "unity and struggle are the only way for the Chinese people to create great achievements in history." The journey is long, and there is only struggle. Realizing the second centenary goal and realizing the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is a historical process that requires continuous and united struggle.
Entering a new era, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core unites and leads the entire Party, the entire army, and the people of all ethnic groups in the country to be self-confident, self-reliant, upright and innovative. The unity and unity of the Party has reached a new height. Ushered in a great leap from standing up, getting rich to becoming strong. Relying on unity and hard work, the Chinese people have completely cast off the fate of being bullied, oppressed, and enslaved, and become the masters of the country, society, and their own destiny.
Entering a new era, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core unites and leads the people of all ethnic groups in the country to work together and forge ahead, and promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation into an irreversible historical process. We must uphold and strengthen the party's overall leadership unwaveringly, deeply understand the decisive significance of the "two establishments", and more consciously safeguard the core of the Party Central Committee and the core of the entire party under General Secretary Xi Jinping position, more consciously safeguard the authority and centralized leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core, and unswervingly maintain a high degree of consistency with the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core in terms of ideology, politics and actions.
We must deeply study and understand the core essence, rich connotations, and practical requirements of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, grasp the worldview and methodology that run through it, educate and guide the people to firmly believe in Marxism, socialism with Chinese characteristics, and Confidence in realizing the Chinese Dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
In his speech at the 2018 Spring Festival group meeting, General Secretary Xi Jinping reiterated the theme of the era of "struggle", full of passion and high-spirited words, inspiring those who devote themselves to the great cause with unremitting struggle and illuminate the great journey with selfless dedication people. In the magnificent picture of the times, only struggle can leave a deep imprint, and only the struggler can keep the vitality of youth forever. "The new era is the era of strugglers" "Struggle itself is a kind of happiness. Only a life of struggle can be called a happy life."
The great progress made in various undertakings of socialism with Chinese characteristics has witnessed the footprints of strugglers and marked the journey of continuous struggle in the future. From scientific and technological innovation to poverty alleviation, from military construction to ruling the country according to law, thousands of strugglers have used their wisdom and sweat to water a nation's sense of accomplishment and gain. Those who face difficulties and dangers and charge forward regardless of their own interests; those who guard the lights of thousands of homes in the scorching heat and cold weather; Our hard work and dedication create our happy life bit by bit, and also define our own value and achievement.
"A great cause is great not only because it is just and grand, but also because it is not smooth sailing." In the dictionary of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, there is never the word "easy". Because of this, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that struggle is happiness, and struggle is also arduous, long-term, and tortuous. Without hardship, there is no real struggle. The reason why the spirit of struggle is valuable is that the more difficulties and contradictions are faced, the more extraordinary power can be aroused. Assuming a new mission and embarking on a new journey, we face many weak links such as insufficient development quality and efficiency, insufficient innovation ability, and shortcomings in the field of people's livelihood. The style of guarding against arrogance and impetuosity" and "the spirit of seizing the day and night" can better shoulder the mission entrusted by the times.
The unity formed around a clear goal of struggle is the strongest unity, and the struggle that relies on close unity is the most powerful struggle. Since its establishment, the Communist Party of China has inherited and carried forward the fine tradition of united struggle of the Chinese nation, put forward specific goals and tasks for united struggle in light of the development and changes of the situation in different historical periods, united all forces that can be united, mobilized all positive factors that can be mobilized, and constantly created unity.
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