Shanghai-class coastal ASW patrol craft - Combat

Although the PLAN'ss poor evaluation of seaworthiness at the Shanghai level (especially in the harsher seas) is only suitable for coastal operations, it was still mass-produced and became the backbone of the PLAN from the 1950s to the 1960s. In the 1965 National Civil War, the Shanghai-class fast gunboats repeatedly made great achievements and made the KMT navy even defeated. The service of the Shanghai-class high-speed escort boat greatly improved the ability of the Chinese navy to deal with the Taiwan Kuomintang navy, and the Kuomintang navy, which used the old tactics, suffered a big loss in the "five-one naval battle" and "eight. six naval battles" and In the "Chongwu to East China Sea War",

May 1 (East) sea battle

On the night of April 30, 1965, the Taiwan KMT Navy patrol ship Dongjiang (PC-119, displacement 280 tons) went to the east to join the North Detachment, and lost its way because of personnel mistakes, misunderstanding the People's Liberation Army East Sea Fleet defense zone. According to the nearby sea area, the Mazu and Dongzheng islands are controlled by the government. From the south to the north, a tiger's mouth shape is formed. The east is the upper and lower jaws. The white dogs are the upper and lower jaws, and the horse is equivalent to the tongue. There is an English lighthouse on it; therefore, the KMT warships headed east to look for the white dog lighthouse, and then correct the heading according to the relative position of the nearby islands.

However, in the north of the three islands, the east and the four frosts controlled by the Communists and the two islands of Taishan also form an almost identical tiger-shaped shape, with the east being the lower jaw, the upper jaw being the Taishan, and the tongue being the fourth. Frost; more importantly, there is also a British-style lighthouse on the island of Dongyin, which is distinguished by the difference in time between different lights.

Due to this geographical feature, many ships almost missed the target and lost their way. Since the Golden Gate artillery in 1958, there had been no naval battle between the two sides of the strait for seven years, and the enemy's situation has gradually decreased. Therefore, the ships sent by the government to the east often take a direct route that is convenient to act. When the Dongjiang River is discharged from the port of Penghu, it will be straight. Go straight to the north and lead to the east. When you are close to the east, you can correct the channel according to the relevant positions of the White Dog Lighthouse and Mazu. Due to the strong currents and waves, there is no visual reference point in Wang Yangzhong. When the Dongjiang ship approaches the east sea, there must be some deviations; when the sun sets, the Dongjiang ship still has not found any target to correct the position of the ship.

The personnel blindly modified the position of the ship to the west, hoping to be as close as possible to the White Dog Islands. Until about 10 o'clock in the evening, the Dongjiang ship's radar finally found two targets, and then the ship's personnel also saw the island's lighthouse; the ship's personnel intuitively thought that this is the lighthouse of White Dog Island, and the two islands on the radar When Cheng Mazu, but the actual lighthouse is Dongyin Island, the other island is four frosts, Dongjiang ship personnel did not check the flashing frequency of the lighthouse, mistakenly used this lighthouse as a white dog, took the four frosts as Mazu, and took Taishan as a destination. This drafting the wrong channel (although it took an hour to calculate the voyage, but the speed is reduced due to the rapid currents in the nearby current, this error is possible), continue to advance toward the maritime boundary between the two sides - the Warsaw warning line.

The East China Sea Fleet radar station monitored the Dongjiang ship for a long time. Because the ship had swayed all the way, the speed is only 12 knots. Therefore, the PLA thought it may be a trek, but it did not rule out that the KMT navy may be setting a trap (because the next day was May Day Labor Day). According to the usual practice, it may be the day when the KMT government is harassing or provoking. Therefore, the commander of the East China Sea Fleet, Tao Yong, decided to be cautious and dispatched to the fourth base the fifth squadron of the 29th Guards of the Fujian Base. Going to interception; in order to guard against the use of the Dongjiang ship as a bait to attract the military gunboats, but behind the ambush of more powerful ships, the Communists also came out of the region's largest 1,350-ton Nanchang naval ship (the former defense defense of the Japanese defense ship "Uji", equipped with 130mm guns, the combat force at the time the second only to the four Anshan-class destroyers) was on standby. Due to the limited night capabilities of the Dongjiang ship, it was not only unable to find navigation errors in time, but also the PLA gunboats that came at 28 knots as the fishing boats of Mazu; there were radar stations on the east lead island. However, it is attached to the Taiwan KMT Air Force and did not monitor the surface of the sea. At this time, the Taiwan KMT Army only left the DE-24 escorting destroyer of the North Detachment, which was parked in the south of the South Australian military port. The SPS-5B on the ship was responsible for monitoring the sea surface; however, this day, the Taiwan KMT Army prepared the same-class gunship Zijiang (PC-119), which was replaced by Dongjiang, was temporarily ordered to bring an officer from Mazu to change the password. The radar of the Taicang ship began to use the Zijiang as Dongjiang until 10 pm. When the arrival and identification of the ship's number, the error was discovered. Then the radar of Taicang re-acquired the Dongjiang ship. Until around 0:00 am on May 1, the radar of the Taicang ship found that the Dongjiang ship had passed the right side of the south of the island, but there was no such thing. Slow down or turn, go straight north, and cross the Warsaw warning line. The commander of the North Branch of the Taicang ship, Major General Sun Wenquan, immediately issued an urgent order to inform the Dongjiang ship to turn immediately and head to Keelung for a command, and ordered the Taihao ship (DE-26) in Keelung immediately. Sailing and leaving the port to meet Dongjiang; At the same time, the Taicang ship itself immediately anchored out of Hong Kong. However, when this order was transmitted to the Dongjiang ship, the two Shanghai-class gunships (575, 577) of the Communists had approached at high speed (the 574, 576 boats could not keep up due to the host problem, and the rear of the temple was the second echelon).

At this point, the two sides are close to the visual distance, but due to the foggy surface and poor visibility, the Dongjiang ship can only perceive two targets approaching, and thought it was the fishing boat of Mazu; in order to avoid collision, the Dongjiang ship opened the navigation lights, but for now the boat offered an excellent target. Then the 575 and 577 two boats immediately fired and fired the Dongjiang ship's bridge and waist turbine parts; the six officers on the Dongjiang ship's bridge were swept away, and the captain He Dechong was seriously injured. The deputy chief Yao Zhenfang was killed on the spot. The communication officer Wang Zhongchun said "When I saw the fire of the other side of the muzzle, I immediately shouted "I have already taken the enemy" to the sound tube, and then immediately was shot and killed by the artillery; the seriously injured gunman, Zeng Yizhong, was injured and gave instructions to pull the alarm, increase the speed, and return the gun. However, the cabin of the Dongjiang ship was quickly penetrated into the water and lost its power; the officers and men who wanted to rush to the gun position, as soon as they got on the deck, were immediately swept down by gunfire."

After the flagship Taicang of the North Branch of the Taiwan KMT Government received the battle report of the Dongjiang Radio, it immediately prepared for the battle and anchored, and the Zijiang Ship also followed. At this time, the Dongjiang ship lost its power and operational command, almost completely shut down, leaving only a 12.7mm heavy machine gun added on both sides of the bridge during the last overhaul, and the personnel can take the gun position from the internal passage. There is no need to take out the deck. The Dongjiang ship fired at the machine gun with a few guns. Several shots hit the No. 577 boat. However, due to lack of power (the armor-piercing project was not carried at the time), it did not interfere with the 577 boat; however, it was said that because of the Dongjiang ship 12.7 The counterattack of the mm machine gun once made the boat a taboo.

The officers and men who could still fight on the Dongjiang ship finally caught the opportunity to rush to the gun position and began to shoot. (After returning, the 577 boat found two 20mm cannons fired by the Dongjiang ship.) Due to the sudden deceleration of the Dongjiang ship's bullets and damage to the main engine, the chasing 574 boat was forced to turn left to dodge, but accidentally hit the starboard middle of the 575 boat, causing the 575 boat cabin to enter the water, and the four main engines were completely shut down. After the 575 boat was wounded, the army once ordered 577 boats to pursue separately; however, the flagship Taicang, the detachment of the KMT army rushed from the rear, witnessed the fire in the north sea on the halfway, and immediately warned against the five-ship gun. When the PLA observed the tall water column on the sea, it was judged that an enemy ship was about to join the battlefield. Because it is still unclear about the intention and the details of the KMT army (there is obviously no direct ambush of other ships behind the Dongjiang ship), there is another one of the two boats that are the enemy. The boat lost power, and in order to be cautious, the 577 boat towed 575 boats off the scene.

The first KMT ship to rush to the scene was Zijiang (the flagship Taicang was anchored when the anchor was once stuck and took some time to troubleshoot). At this time, the boat had retreated, and the Zijiang ship dragged the drifting Dongjiang ship. After returning to the air, the cable was once broken during the towing process, and the propeller of the Zijiang ship was entangled. It took some time to troubleshoot. In this oolong battle, the Dongjiang ship had a total of 154 shots, and the deputy chief Yao Zhenfang was killed in the following seven people. The captain He Dechong had 19 serious injuries and 24 minor injuries. The ship's casualty rate was as high as 62%. After the war, the state government praised the "Dongjiang ship as an enemy, eight sinking a total of four boats, and wounding two ships, and the largest victory of the Navy since 1992."

According to this actual combat experience, the Communists found that the Shanghai-class artillery could fully suppress the KMT ship, but its power was not enough as a decisive blow; therefore, the PLAN began to adjust the coordinated combat mode of the torpedo boat and the escort gunboat from the past (such as 1958). In the Golden Gate Artillery) torpedo boat first attack mode, changed into a escort boat to destroy the enemy's counterattack ability with fierce artillery, and then the final strike by a torpedo boat with decisive power but not easy to aim, and this new tactic was immediately in the second half of 1965. The two naval battles came in handy.

2. Eight or six naval battles

At 6 o'clock on the morning of August 5, 1965, the two naval ships of the Taiwan KMT Navy Guanjianjian (MSF-45) and the Jiangzi-class patrol ship Zhangjiang (PC-118) set sail from Zuoying to carry out the "Tsunami No. 1" special. In the operation, a group of army intelligence personnel was transported to Dongshan Island for emotional search. This was part of the counterattack of the mainland plan of the “Tiandan Torch” at the time to explore the appropriate landing site.

The preparations by the KMT government were very sloppy, and the navy did not pay enough attention to the plan and did not coordinate with the Air Force. In order to carry out this task, the Taiwan KMT Navy established a 10-member steering group in July 1965 to draw up a plan at the Navy General Command of Taipei Dazhi, and was led by Lieutenant General Feng Qicong, deputy commander of the Taiwan KMT Navy. At the same time, however, the commander-in-chief of the Navy, Liu Guangkai, presided over the war chess demonstration at the Zuoying Naval Staff College. During the period, Liu Guangkai deliberately pulled over and asked about the incident, but was disturbed by Li Yuxi, the deputy chief of staff.

On July 30, the specific plan of "Tsunami No. 1" was released. The Navy decided to dispatch 1150 tons of Taikang (DE-21) escort destroyer and Zhangjiang patrol ship to form a "tsunami task detachment" by the Second Fleet of the Navy. Commander Major General Hu Jiaheng served as commander. According to the plan, after the two ships arrived at Dongshan Island, the flagship Taikang was responsible for vigilance and support at the rear, while the shallow and flexible port of Zhangjiang was close to the coast of Dongshan Island, and the M2 rubber boat with six special combat personnel was downloaded. Reconnaissance and exploration, after the mission is completed, would pick up the personnel and retreat.

However, at the end of July, the Taikang accidentally crashed the sonar drum in Mazu, so the task was replaced by the Jianmen. In the middle of December 1964, the Jianmen No. received the return from the US military. The standard displacement is 890 tons, and the full displacement is 1200 tons. The firepower includes two single-tube 76mm guns, two double-mounted 40mm cannons and two double-mounted 20mm machines. Cannon, but the maximum speed is only 14 knots; and the standard displacement of the Taikang is 1,150 tons. The firepower includes three 76mm 50-speed guns, four 40mm cannons and 11 20mm cannons. The maximum speed is 19 knots. Regardless of firepower, tonnage and speed, Taikang is better than the Jianmen No. that will be replaced later.

At noon on August 4th, the Navy Staff College’s military chess game ended, and Liu Guangkai took the opportunity to travel to Taipei. At this time, Feng Qicong, the deputy commander in charge of the entire project, had already returned to Zuoying by train, and the deputy commander was at a critical juncture. Lost. Liu Guangkai returned to Dazhi and reviewed the implementation plan of “Tsunami No.1”. He found that the problems were serious and he thought that it must be re-formulated. When Liu Guangkai learned that the tsunami task force had departed from Zuoying at 6 am on August 5, he immediately ordered the Chief of Staff of the Operations Assistant, Major General Xu Chenggong, to inform the task force to return to Zuoying to stand by; however, Xu Chenggong told Liu Guangkai that the task was The detachment must arrive at the target area in the early hours of August 6th of the mission period. At this point, Liu Guangkai had to approve a "read" on the plan.

The two ships, Jianmen and Zhangjiang, had not yet reached the central line of the strait. They had been detected by the Qingshan radar station. Although the two ships were following the ordinary route from Kaohsiung to Hong Kong, they attempted to disguise themselves as freighters. At 15:12 on August 5, Taiwan intercepted the report of Qingshan Radar Station, saying that "unexplained targets may be US warships", indicating that the two ships have already been detected; however, it is still unclear from the communication content analysis. The true identity of the ship, so the KMT navy did not have a special response. On the evening of August 5, from 21:00 to 24:00, the 41st escort boat brigade of the South China Sea Fleet of the People's Liberation Army consisted of four Shanghai-class (558, 598, 601, 611), gunship 161, and the 11th battalion of the torpedo boat. 11 P-4 torpedo boats (ship number) 119~123, 131~136) entered the scheduled interception position and shut down the engine to wait for the arrival of the KMT ship.

The whole operation was carried out by Kong Zhaonian, deputy commander of Shantou Water Police District and Wang Jin, chief of staff. The strategy adopted by the Mainland Boat Team was to conduct the first attack at the Shanghai level, using high-speed machine guns to attack targets (gun positions, bridges, etc.) on the deck of the enemy ship to counterattack and command capability, and then torpedo boats would strike fatal last blow. At 0:00 on August 6, the Taiwan side intercepted the communications of the PLA station, and reported that the target was "Taiwan Navy Zhangjiang and Jianmen." After the "Tsunami No. 1" detachment came to the waters near Dongshan Island, according to the planned plan, the Jianmen No. stopped at the outer sea, and the Zhangjiang continued to approach Dongshan Island; therefore, Zhang Jiang was the first to step into the trap of the ambush.

At 1:42 am on August 6, the KMT ship was in contact with the common army fleet; at 1:50, the return of the Jianmen had been exchanged with the common torpedo boat. According to mainland China's information, the mainland boat team first implemented two waves of volley to suppress the KMT ship, and then separated the Jianmen and Zhangjiang ships; the Jianmen No. was shot with 3 guns and one facing the east. The first echelon of the mainland torpedo boat, six ships (ship number 123, 131~135), first attacked the Zhangjiang, and lost due to the wrong judgment. Then the Chinese four sides intercepted the Zhangjiang ship, and the two sides broke out in fierce battles.

After the shooting, the Zhangjiang ship began to ignite a fire; at 3:1 in the morning, when the mainland boat team carried out the fourth wave of shooting, Zhang Jiang tried to collide with the Chinese boat team at high speed. The mainland 611 boat smashed the Zhangjiang ship, but the 611 boat also was hit by the Zhangjiang gunfire and the friendly boat, a total of 17 rounds were fired. Three of the four main engines were damaged. The three compartments in front of the water entered the water, causing more than half of the casualties. After the fifth and sixth wave of the joint boat, Zhang Jiang exploded in a big explosion (may detonate the ammunition depot), and the hull slammed left and finally sank at 3:33.

In addition to the damage of the 611 boat, the Chinese side was blocked in front of the Zhangjiang during the battle of the 601. It was also hit by four shells. The captain Wu Guangwei was shot dead in the head. After the sinking of Zhangjiang, the 611 boats that were hit hard returned. At 3:43, the mainland ordered the siege of the Jianmen. A total of four Shanghai-class, torpedo boats, the second echelon, five boats (boths 119, 120, 121, 122, 136) and the gunboat 161 entered the battle. At 5:10, Major General Hu Jiaheng on the Jianmen No. issued a telegram of "The Jianmen Ship has been prepared and ready to fight again. The ship's hull is intact and there are no casualties."

When the Zhangjiang was under siege, the Jianmen could only be supported by three guns on the periphery; after the Zhangjiang was sunk, the boats all came up to the Jianmen, and the Jianmen decided not to retreat (in fact, the ship’s maximum speed was only In the 14th quarter, it is difficult to escape in front of the speedboat with twice the speed of the flight. Subsequently, the three Shanghai-class began to engage in artillery battles with the Jianmen. After four minutes of exchange of fire between the two sides, the ship's naval shells of Jianmen were detonated by a common artillery and detonated, and fell into a raging fire; after 9 minutes, the common torpedo boats launched an attack. At the time, the Jianmen No. had no counterattacks; five of the People's Liberation Army torpedoes fired 10 torpedoes at the Jianmen, three hits, and the Jianmen No. sank at 5:22. The entire battle lasted for 3 hours and 43 minutes.

Since the "Tsunami No. 1" operation was highly confidential, the Taiwan KMT Navy only has a few high-ranking officers such as Feng Qicong and other high-ranking officers who know and master the details of execution. The entire left camp fleet is completely in the dark; "Tsunami No. 1" itself has no order. With the support of other ships, once the two ships carrying out the mission have an accident, it takes at least 5 hours to reach the scene from the nearest ship. During the outbreak of the naval battle on the morning of August 6, the commander-in-chief of the Navy, Liu Guangkai, was still in Taipei, instead of sitting in the left camp.

This shows that the "Tsunami No. 1" itself was sloppy, regardless of whether the plan is drafted or the operational command was to exclude the Navy Commander-in-Chief. At 7 o'clock on the morning of August 6, Liu Guangkai received a phone call from the deputy chief of staff, Li Yuxi, saying that "the Zhangjiang ship is not good, please handle it quickly"; at 8:30 in the morning, Liu Guangkai received Major General Hu Jiaheng at 5:10. The last telegram was transmitted. This was the only situation that Liu Guangkai could report when Chiang Kai-shek held a combat meeting in Yangmingshan. In the afternoon, Liu Guangkai took the opportunity to return to Zuoying to hear the situation. Until around 18 o'clock, Liu Guangkai learned from the mainland's radio battle report that Jianmen and Zhang Jiang had been sunk.

The original KMT government plans to support the tsunami task force detachment when necessary, but the coordination between the navy and the air force has made a serious mistake: in early August, Major General Feng Qicong completed the tsunami No. 1 project and sent a person from Taipei to the south before left camp. The Supervisor handed over the operational plan to the Air Force's engine room, hoping that the Air Force could cooperate at the right time, but the SkyWorks Office forgot to transfer the plan to the Air Force Combat Command. When the naval battle broke out in the early morning of August 6, the Navy requested the Air Force to support it, and the Air Force claimed that it did not know the "Tsunami One" plan. After more than two hours, the Air Force rushed to dispatch fighters to reinforce. At 6:35, four F-100 fighters took off from Pingtung Airport and arrived at the sea area of Shantou at 7:12. At this time, only the floating objects left by Jianmen and Zhangjiang were left on the sea.

This naval battle is called the "eight-six naval battle". It is the most devastating battle of the KMT navy since the previous civil wars. The task of casting special forces had completely failed. The two ships include the commander Hu Jiaheng, the following total officers, 22 officers and men. 175 officers and men were killed, and the 33 officers, including Lieutenant Colonel Wang Qishan and the lieutenant colonel Huang Zhijun were captured. Among them, Major General Hu Jiaheng was the highest-ranking officer killed in the civil war between the Kuomintang and the Communists, and the commander-in-chief of the Taiwan KMT Navy was only seven months in office. In order to blame, Liu Guangkai had to resign and step down. On the mainland, there were two gunboats and torpedo boats, and four people were killed in the event of the death of the four people. The government claimed that it had sunk five enemy ships and hit three. After the return of the mainland Navy, the wounded No. 611 gunship was crowned the "sea pioneer boat", while the P-6 torpedo boat with the number 119 received the title of "hero speedboat". Then the mainland launched the 0111D improved design based on this experience, which strengthened the protection.

3. Wuqiu (east of Chongwu) sea battle

On November 12, 1965, on November 12, 1965, the Taiwan KMT Navy Shanhai (AM-41, displacement of 640 tons) and Linhuai (AM-51) two ships from Wuhu Magong sailed to Wuqiu to perform the injury receiving mission. On the night of November 13th, it was close to Wuqiu; due to the radar failure of Linhuai, it was first carried out by Shanhai, and the visual contact was maintained after the Linhuai. The mainland East China Sea Fleet radar station tracked the two ships, the East China Sea Fleet frigate 29 squadron 1 squadron (588, 589), the 3rd squadron (573, 579) and the frigate 31 squadron 1 squadron (576, 577) and other six Shanghai-class gunboats in the sea Under the leadership of Wei Yuwu, deputy commander of the Tanhai Police District, with the torpedo boat commander of the torpedo detachment, Zhang Yimin, the 31st Brigade of the torpedo boat, six P-6 torpedo boats (124, 126, 131, 132, 145, 152), in the southern part of Wuqiu maritime organization was ambushing and preparing to attack the two KMT vessels.The mainland planned to adopt the same tactics as the 86 naval battle, and the Shanghai-class escort boat will attack and suppress it first, and then the torpedo boat will advance the battle. Due to the incident of a joint IL-28 bomber flying to Kinmen in November 11th, the PLA may therefore retaliate against the patrol vessels routinely sailed by the Taiwan KMT Navy.

At 22:16 on November 13, the mainland assault formation departed from Dongyueyu and contacted the KMT patrol ship at 2:14. The 588 command boat in the town of Wei Weiwu led six Shanghai-class ships from the high-speed insertion between the two KMT vessels. The first group of four immediately turned to attack the Shanhai number in front, and the second group of two ships contained the rear Linhuai. No. The six torpedo boats behind the temple form three teams, waiting for an attack. At 23:33, the Shanghai-class fleet approached the two KMT vessels and violently fired. The two KMT vessels returned and evaded one side. The Shanhai No. in front turned to the northwest and then fled to Wuqiu; The failed Linhuai did not follow the Shanhai number and retreated to the northwest. At 23:34, the 573 command boat transferred firepower to the Linhuai ship, and the other boats continued to attack the Shanhai. At around 23:35, the 573, 579, and 576 three-ships attacked the Linhuai, while the 577, 588, and 589 three boats followed the Shanhai. In the battle, the mainland 573 command boat and the 579 reserve command boat were shot, including the commander Wei Yuwu, another seven people were injured, the escort boat deputy captain Li Jinhua and a squadron political commissar were killed and the Luo Jing was also broken.

At 23:36, the Mainland Boat Team turned to the left and sailed back to the KMT ship and temporarily withdrew from the battle. The 577 boat was unable to observe the 576 command boat of the squadron due to slowing down and being affected by the explosion, and 588 and 589 two boats. Then the 577 boat sailed, so the mainland boat group was divided into two groups of three, namely 573, 579, 576 and 577, 588, 589. At 23:38, commander Wei Yiwu ordered to stop shooting, and the boats followed Formation and launch two signal flares to command the torpedo boat team to attack. As Wei Yiwu was wounded, after insisting for a period of time, it was difficult to continue the command, and he ordered Gong Dinggao, the political commissar of the 29th escort boat, to transfer the command to the reserve command boat; but Gong Dinggao did not communicate to the reserve command boat and did not report to the base. At that time, the deputy section chief of the Operational Division of the Haitan Marine Police District in the Haitu Room did not come out to take over the command and power, resulting in the suspension of the command of the maritime formation of the Communists. In this case, the escort boat team was not light and the command was in chaos, the next offensive force of the army fell to the shoulder of the torpedo boat team.

Zhang Yimin, commander of the army torpedo boat team, saw the signal flare launched by the escort boat team. However, he believed that the escort boat team had a short time to fight. The KMT ship did not show any signs of fire or explosion. When the signal was suspected, the radar soldier was ordered to monitor the enemy ship’s dynamics. And ask Wei Weiwu for action. At 23:43, Zhang Yimin received a notice alleging that "the enemy ship was seriously injured and the torpedo boat began to attack." At the same time, the radar on board the boat also returned "the enemy ship speed 8 knots (actual 10 knots), Yongtai (mountain sea) number fled to the northwest." So Zhang Yimin ordered the second group of torpedo boats 131 and 152 to attack the adjacent Linhuai; the two boats 131 and 152 approached the Linhuai from both sides. Due to the low speed of the 152, the Linhuai carried out a maneuvering. Can form a pinch. At 23:52, the 131 boat fired two torpedoes on the port side of Linhuai and failed to hit; then the 152 boats occupied the position twice, but they all withdrew because of the Linhuai. At 0:02 on the 14th, the 152th boat occupied the position on the port side of Linhuai for the third time, launching two torpedoes and not hitting. Torpedo boat commander Zhang Yimin saw the Linhuai ship gunfire counterattack. There was no sign of heavy damage. He asked the escort boat team to attack and suppress again, but did not get a reply; therefore, Zhang Yimin led the remaining first group (132, 124 two boats) and the third group (145, 126 two boats).

A total of four torpedo boats attacked the Linhuai ship. At 0:10, the mainland torpedo boat team occupied the position behind the Linhuai ship for the first time, but the torpedo boat was only withdrawn because the Linhuai ship continued to repulse to the boat team. At 0:21, the torpedo boat team sailed to the front of the Linhuai ship, the third group of boats attacked on the starboard side, and the first group of torpedo boats attacked the port side; at 0:24, the boat was ready to launch the torpedo. At the same time, Linhuai turned to the torpedo boat team, and the boat had to withdraw from the position. Later, Zhang Yimin ordered the change of tactics.

The third group of boats was the main attack, and the first group was attacked. At 0:30, the 145th boat of the third group occupied the favorable position on the left side of the Linhuai ship (at this time, the speed of the Linhuai ship was 14 knots), but when entering the combat course, the 126 boat could not immediately catch up; for the fighter, Zhang Yimin ordered the boats to shoot at the camera.

At 0:31, the 145 boat fired two torpedoes, one of which hit the stern of Linhuai, and the Linhuai immediately lost its mobility and began to sink. Also at 0:31, when the first group of torpedo boats were preparing to occupy the position on the port side of Linhuai, commander Zhang Yimin had received an attack request from 145 boats and ordered the first group to withdraw. Then at 0:34, another 126 boat of the third group was preparing to enter the port side of Linhuai; however, at this time, the 588 and 589 gunships of the frigate of the 29th frigate of the frigate were close to Linhuai, and 126 boats were avoided. The friendly gunboat was damaged and had to evacuate.

After the escort boat team that was previously wounded in the battle sailed back to the KMT ship about 4 nautical miles, Wang Zhiqi, the chief of staff of the escort boat 31, led the 588 and 589 two Shanghai-class gunboats of the second assault group to turn to the cannon. . At 0:42 on the 14th, the 588 and 589 boats approached the starboard side of the Linhuai, which had been shut down in the middle of the mine. The 37mm cannon and the 75mm recoilless gun were fired at the deck and waterline of Linhuai. The first 75mm projectile interrupted the Linhuai mast, and the second hit hit the waterline, which accelerated the Linhuai. Subsequently, the escort boat team continued to pursue the Shanhai unit fleeing to Wuqiu and attacked it with gunfire.

The deck of the Shanhai was damaged; however, at this time the common army fleet had already pursued the range of the shore gun of the Wuqi defender. From the late night of the 13th, Wuqi defenders immediately received fire support after hearing the sound of guns from nearby seas; from 22:38 to 14:26 on the 13th, the defending 105mm artillery fired seven times. At 1.00 on the 14th, the mainland escort boat team stopped chasing and turned to the sea to salvage the Linhuai soldiers. At 1:6 on the 14th, the Linhuai ship sank. Nine people on the ship were captured by the mainland. The following 14 people were captured by the US destroyer, and the remaining 80 people were killed. On the mainland side, two Shanghai-class escort boats and two torpedo boats were damaged, two were killed and 14 were injured.

At 3:05, the Mainland Boat Team was ordered to return. This naval battle was called "Chongwu to the East Sea Battle" by the mainland, and the government called it "Uqiu Battle". After the event, the captain of the sea-sea ship, Lieutenant Colonel Zhu Puhua and the captain of the southern patrol, Colonel Mai Bingkun, were all subjected to military law on charges of “escape from the enemy”. However, the government still claimed to “smash four ships and destroy one ship”. The captain of Linhuai, Chen Dekui, was seriously injured and drifted in the cold water for several hours before being rescued by US warships. The military once intended to blame Chen Dekui for the responsibility, but the deputy commander-in-chief of the Navy, Song Changzhi, former commander Liu Guangkai and Jiang Jingguo Under the protection of force, Chen Dekui was exempted from a prison sentence. In the aftermath, the mainland Ministry of Taiwan KMT Defense awarded the title of the 588 boat "Marine Tiger Boat" that finally sank the Linhuai.

In the past, in the records of the history of the mainland, it was often said that the sea-sea ship was "Yongtai", and the Linhuai ship was "Yongchang"; in fact, this was the original ship name of the two ships, but the name was changed on January 5, 1965.

Summary

At that time, although the tonnage and the size of the artillery of the Guofu Jiangzihao and Guanzihao were relatively large, the Shanghai-level 37mm cannon and the 25mm cannon had a total of eight pipes. The shooting density per unit time was large, and the firepower of the Jiangzihao (76mm) Or a 40mm gun and a six-door 20mm cannon do not have an advantage, and the speed is at an absolute disadvantage (the 76mm gun of the KMT government is difficult to aim at a small Shanghai with a speed that is much faster than Huangpu and Shantou) In addition, the co-boats were attacked in a clustered manner. The lonely and slow-moving KMT ships could not escape and could not compete. After the defeat of the Three Seas in 1965, the Taiwan KMT Navy immediately planned to introduce a US-based fast transport ship (APD, derived from the escort destroyer) with a displacement of 1400 tons, equipped with radar-guided five-ship guns, and a speed of 23 knots. Ship.

The "eight-six naval battles" and the "black-and-white battles" were called the "counter-attack mainland" plan of the government. In the late 1950s, the mainland's "three-sided red flag" policy was defeated and the internal turmoil was chaotic. Chiang Kai-shek believed that the time was ripe. In April 1961, he established the "Guoguang Operation Room" and actively prepared for the counter-attack plan. However, the necessary premise for counterattacking the mainland is to obtain the assistance of the United States. The United States always believes that Taiwan’s manpower and material resources will be used to carry out large-scale sea landings on the Chinese mainland. It is no different from the Arabian Nights. In fact, the Taiwan KMT Light Project carries out various planning.

During the analysis, it was found that no matter from strategy, battle to tactical execution, everything was whimsical and problematic. The US has never considered assisting the government to counterattack, because this will inevitably lead to the Soviet Union’s massive intervention, which is likely to ignite the Third World War. Therefore, the United States not only always opposed the counter-offensive actions of the state, but also directly and indirectly obstructed Chiang Kai-shek’s counter-attack plan with various actions. The "eight-six naval battle" was triggered by the "Taiwan KMT Light Project" for the exploration of the landing site. The defeat of the naval war revealed the problem of many preparations and coordination of the KMT army at that time, which plunged Chiang Kai-shek's determination to counterattack; It is confirmed that the situation of the mainland military is becoming more and more stable, and the KMT navy has gradually lost its sea power in the Taiwan Strait. After the Battle of Wuhuan, President Chiang Kai-shek, who was over 80 years old, gradually lost his heart in counterattacking the mainland. Since then, the KMT light plan has been reduced year by year, and finally finally abolished in 1972, and the country’s "counter-attack mainland" dream has disappeared.

Conclusion

Although the Shanghai-level design is unremarkable, due to its mature technology and low cost, the construction speed is very fast and it can be easily mass produced. The construction of the Shanghai-class series for 30 years has accumulated a lot of experience for the mainland shipbuilding industry. For example, in 1974, the Shanghai-level construction period of Dalian Shipyard (from cutting to trial ship delivery) has been shortened to one month. Only the first half; while during the peak production period in Shanghai, the mainland shipbuilding industry can deliver an average of 54 ships per year. For the Huangpu plant, which was originally small in scale and energy, the production of a series of small ships, such as Huangpu, Shantou and Shanghai, has also made great progress in the productivity and management capabilities of the plant. In addition, in terms of Shanghai-level cost and tonnage, its firepower is very powerful.

In short, the Shanghai class with the above-mentioned specialties constitutes an important attacking force of the PLAN from the 1960s to the 1970s. Up to 1995, the mainland still maintains 110 Shanghai-level active duty and 170 reserve jobs; but so far the Shanghai class can only serve as a general coastal and bay patrol mission, and is no longer the main force of the fleet; entering the early 21st century, Shanghai Only a few late models are still in service, and they are responsible for the auxiliary duties. After the decommissioning, the No. 611 boat, which was awarded the title of "Pioneer of the Sea" after the Battle of the Eighth Sixth Sea in 1956, was collected and displayed in the Mainland Navy's Huangpu Military Expo Center as a commemorative boat.