Military

CSS-C-2 SILKWORM / HY-1 / SY-1
CSS-N-1 SCRUBBRUSH / FL-1 Flying Dragon

China acquired the Russian SS-N-2 Styx missile technology in 1959, and production began in 1974. The Russian SS-N-2 was used in 1967 against Israel by Egypt, in 1971 by India against Pakistan, and by Iran during its 1980-88 war with Iraq. Chinese copies of the Styx design (CSS-C-2 Silkworm and CSS-C-3 Seersucker) coastal defence missiles and the ship launched CSS-N-1 and CSS-N-2 were used by both sides in the Iraq-Iran War.

During the early 1970s the Nanchang Aircraft Manufacturing Company designed a Styx' derivative as Feilung 1 (Flying Dragon 1), then began to exploit their expertise to produce their own designs which were marketed by CATJC as a rival to the CPMIEC HY-2. The design of the FL-1 is clearly derived from the HY-1 and the missile was first seen outside China in 1984.

Some reports suggest the FL-1 entered service with the Chinese Navy in 1980 and that it has been exported to Bangladesh, Pakistan, Thailand and Egypt (SY-1/HY-1).

Technological improvements to the C-801 SARDINE and the C-802 SACCADE are providing a gradual upgrade to China's current force of antiquated first generation CSS-N-1 SCRUBBRUSH ASCMs.

It was reported in 1996 that Iran had begun indigenous production of a medium-range antiship missile, the FL-10, based on the Chinese FL-2 or FL-7 and developed with Chinese technical assistance.

The FL-7 was believed to be under development with a possible in-service date of 1992.