Algeria - Rezonans-NE trans-horizon radar

The Russian radar Rezonans-NE3, acquired by the Algerian Air Force, was revealed on September 27, 2017. Algeria acquired and deployed the new Russian trans-horizon radar Rezonans-NE which offers Algerian air defense very long-range surveillance capabilities and especially to centralize and manage the data collected by all radar and opto-electronic equipment of the Algerian Air Force.

The number and location of this radar in Algeria is unclear. At a unit price of about US$25,000,000, Algeria could probably afford more than one. Iran had purchased at least four from 2009 to 2019. Available ground truth photography is of a single installation. But to some it was unlikely Tamanrasset because Tamanrasset far more than 2000 km from the coast and the greatest danger that will threaten Algeria will be from the north and west and east more than the south. Because the radar range of 1000 km if it was in Tamanrasset will cover the Saharan African and part of the Atlantic and the Algerian interior. In case if there is more than one radar and this is possible either the area in the picture is similar to the nature of Ein and Sara and Hassi Bahbah.

During his visit to Algeria in 2006, President Vladimir Putin gave a huge boost to the strategic partnership signed between Algeria and Russia in 2001 in Moscow, erasing the Algerian military debt of 4.7 billion dollars. Taking advantage of the financial upturn of the 2000s due to the high price of hydrocarbons, Algeria has conducted a vast program of rearming its army, by acquiring new sophisticated equipment and upgrading the oldest. Russia has been Algeria's main partner in the effort to upgrade its army.

The "REZONANS-NE" is a multifunctional surveillance radar with long range and high performance. It serves for the coordination of successful anti-aircraft battles, anti-aircraft missile regiments, interceptors and air-dominating aircraft. It is also used to provide real-time information on all areas covered by the air defense. The radar "REZONANS-NE", is a multifunctional cognitive VHF system, which fully meets all the requirements mentioned above. The "REZONANS-NE" radar is a 3D fixed radar PESA with a parallel scan on all surfaces and a digital interpretation of the received data.

The detectable reflection of electromagnetic waves from the structural elements of aerial targets is observable in the 35-70 MHz waveband. The "REZONANS-NE3" that covers this range manages to neutralize stealth and thus allows to detect stealth devices such as the B-2, F-22 and F-35, as well as stealth cruise missiles. Another feature of this radar is high-speed scanning due to the presence of fixed radar antenna systems (as opposed to rotating radars). The radar sweep rate is 0.6 to 3.2 with a large coverage of the airspace: up to 600 km in mode n ° 1 "aerodynamic" and up to 1,100 km in mode n ° 2 " ballistic".

A more specific feature of the "REZONANS-NE" radar is its high reliability and long service life. The absence of rotational structures in the radar antenna feed device and the universal application of digital and semiconductor technologies in radar equipment makes it possible to operate the radar continuously for many months with a long service life. a few hours a year.

The real added value of "REZONANS-NE" is its quality as a platform for centralizing air information from its own capabilities or other sources. This is why it is compatible with the various C2, C3, C4 and C5 interfaces of the different branches of the army. To increase the accuracy of target classification and to reduce the computational load, it has been combined with radar, an ADS-B receiver, Lira VME, which can detect ADS-B tags when they are activated and OBZOR-E opto-electronic complex that captures the image of different devices and projectiles in the air, both day and night, over very long distances.

In order to maintain wartime alert and aerial surveillance status in peacetime, modern aerial surveillance radars must meet specific requirements:

• Wide radar coverage area
• Ability to detect and track all types of air targets, from small UAVs (UAVs) to ballistic missiles to sub / super / hypersonic aircraft;
• Continued availability of service and monitoring of airspace at different altitudes;
• Long service life and reliability of data (resistance to hacking and jamming);
• Ability to discriminate against targets and prioritize their classification.

"OEC Obzor-E" detects air targets in the optical frequency band and determines the IFF friend or enemy identification; identify a number of air targets in a group and group formation; identify aircraft types and predict the direction of flight. It is used to determine the trajectory parameters of the air target (range, azimuth, elevation, heading and speed). In addition, the "Obzor-E" system improves the jamming resistance of the radar. It also provides a better quality of target acquisition at low altitude and in the dead space (cone of silence), the distance close to the Radar. The use of the "REZONANS-NE" radar associated with additional sources of information offers the following advantages over equivalent radars:

• Acquisition range of long-range targets (10 to 1100 km);
• Acquisition of a target at altitude (50 to 100 km);
• Acquisition of targets regardless of their speed (0.1 to 7000 m / s);
• High resolution and accurate measurement of coordinates and speed of the air target;
• Identification of classes and target types;
• Calculation of the trajectories and points of impact of the ballistic targets;
• High probability of acquisition of all target classes, including stealth targets;
• The acquisition and monitoring of drones, including composite UAVs;
• Precise identification of a number of targets in a group;
• High resistance to interference and calculation of bearings to active jammers;
• IFF and flight data acquisition of air targets:
• Ability to guide anti-aircraft missiles in semi-automatic mode towards objectives;
• Ability to detect low-speed targets (up to 0.1 m / s), including hovering helicopters;
• Ability to neutralize anti-radiation missiles (anti-radar);
• Ability to calculate the coordinates of ground weapon systems that fire at the location of the radar;
• Simultaneous transmission of radar data in real time to the relevant command posts;
• Low operating costs and training costs for service personnel.

Compared to equivalent systems, the radar "REZONANS-NE" has a high resistance to interference. With a dual operating frequency range and a frequency hopping function, the radar is able to avoid active interference. In addition, the radar is protected against asynchronous pulse interference, broadband and narrowband interference and continuous wave interference. At each operating cycle, the radar monitors the surrounding interference environment and displays the monitoring data on the screen of the operator's workstation. The radar operator is able to jump from a noisy operating frequency to a frequency with no noise on the fly. This operation can also be performed automatically.

One of the most important tasks the system responds to is detecting and tracking hypersonic ballistic targets and cruise missiles and predicting their impact points. The availability of such data improves the stability of a specific anti-aircraft system and allows greater efficiency in guiding anti-aircraft weapons systems to destroy ballistic threats. The "REZONANS-NE" radar provides a complete solution for detecting, linking, tracking and predicting the impact points of the ballistic target. This data is displayed on the screen of the operator's workstation and transmitted to command posts for support.

Thus, with its performance characteristics, the "REZONANS-NE" radar can be used as an advanced aerial surveillance radar for airspace coverage and early warning of the enemy's first air and space attack. at a distance of 1,100 km. It is a combat radar geared towards the tasks of acquiring and guiding anti-aircraft weapons systems in a 300-km bubble. This system provides the 2A2D with an anti-stealth capability, anti-ballistic very long range to anticipate and counter enemy air campaigns. It represents the strategic part of the territory's air defense.