Military

PREFACE

This publications is a guide for commanders, survey officers, and all personnel whose duties include planning, supervising, and performing field artillery (FA) surveys or training in those areas. The material presented herein applies without modification to both nuclear and nonnuclear warfare. This manual provides--

• Doctrine for instruction and employment of survey sections.
• Guidance and reference in survey principles.
• Procedures used in operating and maintaining equipment.

This manual discusses the survey personnel and equipment available to FA units. It describes and discusses--

• Measurement of angles and distances.
• Techniques of recording field data as they are determined.
• Different methods used to extend survey control.
• Basic astronomy and the methods and techniques used in astronomic observation to determine direction.
• Determination of relative locations on a rectangular grid system by using conventional survey methods, the position and azimuth determining system (PADS), and the global positioning system (GPS).
• Survey requirements and techniques used for different FA weapon and fire support systems.
• Survey planning required at all echelons.
• Standardized procedures relevant to survey operations (Appendix A) (denoted in text by a large asterisk [*]).
• Survey standards and specifications (Appendix B).
• Training for the FA surveyor (Appendix C).
• *Locally reproducible forms for use with the backup computer system (BUCS), the forward entry device meteorological/survey (FED MSR), and for recording survey control point (SCP) data. (See Appendix D for a list of these forms and the Blank Forms section of this publication for copies of the reproducible forms.)

*It also includes the ellipsoid and datum tables (Appendix E), a grid zone chart (Appendix F), star cards (Appendix G), and extracts from the standardization agreements (STANAGs) and quadripartite standardization agreement (QSTAG) implemented by this book (Appendix H).

This publication implements the following international agreements:

• *STANAG 2934, Artillery Procedures--AArtyP-1. (This STANAG combines STANAGs 2865 and 2373.)
• QSTAG 269, Survey Accuracy Requirements for Surface-to-Surface Artillery.

The proponent of this publication is HQ TRADOC. Send comments and recommendations on DA Form 2028 (Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms) directly to the following: