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Military

Appendix B

Deployment Considerations

PURPOSE

This appendix provides planning considerations for the independent deployment of engineer units. During these deployments, units are generally augmented with combat support and combat service support assets. An engineer headquarters usually provides command and control for the deploying task force. The headquarters is responsible for planning the deployment for all assigned and attached units.

GENERAL

Each engineer unit deployment is slightly different. The considerations in this appendix are general in nature and may not apply in all cases. The intent of this appendix is to provide a list of issues that the engineer leader should consider when planning a deployment. Situation- dependant conditions (such as threat level) or local policies may dictate modification of some of the issues.

DEPLOYMENT PLANNING

The following checklists provide engineer commanders and staff officers with a variety of issues that they should consider when planning a deployment. The checklists are broken down by general functional area to assist in assigning responsibilities to various staff sections. As a unit gains experience conducting deployments, it should develop standard operating procedures (SOPs) and expand these checklists based on lessons learned.

General-Planning-Considerations Checklist. The following are general considerations to use when planning a deployment:

  • Location of the exercise.
  • Forces participating in the exercise (Army, Air Force, Navy and/or Marines, host nation (HN), and other nations).
  • Memorandums of Understanding (MOUs) between the HN and the United States (US).
  • Specified missions.
  • Implied missions. Implied missions may include deployment of the task force, base-camp construction, maintaining communications, logistical sustainment, cooperation with HN forces, and redeployment.
  • Points of contact (POCs). A readily available file of names, telephone numbers, and addresses should be maintained by the Operations and Training Officer (S3), updated regularly, and disseminated to all planners concerned. This list should include the US military attache and the chief of the security assistance organization (SAO).
  • Command relationships for the exercise. A clear chain of command must be established, to include determining whether participants (Active Component (AC) and Reserve Components (RC)) are assigned or attached to the task force.
  • Appropriate headquarters element required to command and control the operation. If an engineer battalion augmented with combat support and combat service support assets conducts an exercise, a group or brigade headquarters element may be appropriate. This headquarters will provide command and control, act as an intermediary with the next higher headquarters, and coordinate visits by very important persons (VIPs) and the media.
  • Unit in-progress reviews. For meetings where agreements on services, contracts, construction plans, and so forth, are being made, ensure that key battalion staff or duration task force oversea deployment training (ODT) personnel are involved. Ensure that these personnel have adequate documentation on all agreements reached. Ensure that the US country team is provided with adequate information on what aspects of the exercise are easy to change and what portions are not. This is especially important when negotiating agreements with HN representatives. If possible, place a task force representative on the US planning and negotiating team when exercise plans are being finalized before the start of the exercise (STARTEX).
  • In-progress reviews to the US country team and higher echelons.
  • RC constraints. AC units must attune themselves to the constraints that RC units have when they are part of a task force. RC units have a compressed time line for preparing for exercises and must be notified of the specific missions, exercise dates, transportation modes, and so forth, as early as possible.

Operational-Considerations Checklist. The following considerations apply to the operational aspects of a deployment:

  • Training objectives and skill levels required of US forces. When dealing with RC units, pay particular attention to tasks ordinarily performed by full-time technicians and Active Guard Reserve (AGR) personnel, such as daily equipment maintenance and supply requisitions.
  • Exercise objectives and corresponding skill levels needed by HN forces.
  • Psychological and civic action exercise objectives. Ensure that these objectives are coordinated with the theater Commander in Chiefs (CINC) staff and the country team.
  • Training restrictions. Determine restrictions on the use of pyrotechnics and live ammunition. Determine any limits on the size of unit training exercises. Determine procedures and coordination requirements for shutting off power to telephone/power lines on drop zones (DZs) for airborne/air assault training operations.
  • Exercise phasing. Phasing will be affected by project requirements, the necessity to establish a base camp, the amount of survey work required, and so forth.
  • Milestones. Milestones will be determined by exercise phasing, critical events, and external constraints.
  • Personnel requirements. These are based on mission requirements and unit capabilities. Nondeployable personnel must be identified. Critical skills must be designated and filled.
  • Equipment requirements. These are based on mission requirements and unit capabilities. Specialized units or equipment must be requested.
  • Other units in the area that may provide assistance. Special Forces (SF), civil affairs (CA), and psychological operations (PSYOP) units have a great deal of capability relating to local laws, customs, and language. Engineer units should request augmentation by CA personnel for their language capability and understanding of the local populace.
  • Rules of Engagement (ROE).
    • Ensure that ROE concerning the use of deadly force and other self-protection measures are clearly defined and widely disseminated
    • Ensure that policies on who will carry arms (loaded or unloaded) and the types and level of tactical training have been coordinated with the country team and approved by the US ambassador.
    • Establish procedures for alert and recall under various threat conditions. Determine what communications systems and procedures will be used if radios become unusable.
  • Support requirements. These requirements include communications assets; water purification and storage; shower and laundry facilities; mess operations; health medical support; bulk petroleum, oils, and lubricants (POL) storage and dispensing direct support maintenance; transportation augmentation; and aviation support.
  • Reproduction requirements for classified and unclassified material. Procure assets to meet needs that exceed the current unit capability.
  • Compatibility of various computer systems. Address compatibility within the task force and between the task force and the theater CINC, the continental United States (CONUS) support units, and in-country support units.
  • Coordination with augmentation units. If deployment for training (DFT) augmentation is required to accomplish the mission, unit types and desired capabilities should be defined early and communicated to higher headquarters for unit assignment.
  • Organization of rear detachment. A rear-detachment commander must be identified. Procedures and criteria for a rear detachment must be developed.
  • Effective dates of attachment of supporting units. Effective dates will be determined by exercise phasing and the requirements for having units on-site. The dates also depend on whether units will be attached before departure from their home station or at the point of embarkation or debarkation. Incorporate logistics planners early in the planning process. They should develop a logistics intelligence file on available resources in the area of operation. This information may be used to minimize transportation requirements.
  • Composition of predeployment site-survey team. Consider for inclusion:
    • Designated task force commander or his deputy.
    • Battalion construction officer who will prepare designs and bills of materials.
    • Noncommissioned officers (NCOs) with experience in the expected type of construction.
    • Surveyors and draftsmen with equipment.
    • Logistics--operations officers.
    • Two bilingual soldiers with capabilities in the HN language--ideally one officer and one noncommissioned officer.
    • HN representative as determined by the US embassy.
    • SAO representative.
  • Mission of predeployment site-survey team. Ensure that the predeployment survey team addresses transportation, linguistic support, billeting, and messing requirements. The team should obtain photographs of the operational area (if permitted by the HN), particularly maneuver areas, bivouac sites, and airfields. Operational considerations that the survey team should address include--
    • Location for the base camp or bivouac sites.
    • Location of potable-water supplies.
    • Location of nonpotable water and requirements for purification.
    • Distance from the deployment site to logistical support, such as rations, repair parts, and medical support.
    • Availability of local logistical support. Research local purchase or contracting of repair parts, ration supplements, POL, transportation assets (for personnel and equipment), services, and so forth.
    • Availability of HN electrical power or alternate power sources.
    • Condition of road network, to include whether roads are dirt, cobble, improved, or paved.
    • HN maps of the exercise area.
  • Critical construction issues for predeployment site-survey team. The team should obtain photographs of construction-related sites (if permitted by the HN), particularly base-camp areas, project sites, construction-material sources, haul roads, and so forth. Construction considerations that the survey team should address include--
    • Adverse construction conditions, such as swamps, rock, and extreme slopes.
    • Availability and location of construction water.
    • Distance from the base-camp site to construction sites.
    • Requirements to build construction roads, develop borrow pits or quarries, and so forth.
    • Location of construction materials (raw materials and finished items, such as bridge components).
    • Availability of HN-supplied materials, such as bridge components and well components (as agreed upon by the HN and the country team).
    • HN capability to support procurement and delivery of typical construction materials expected to be used, to include estimated prices.
    • Local availability, costs, and sources for plywood, 2- by 4-inch lumber, 4- by 4-inch lumber, and electrical materials that may be used in base-camp construction and facilities maintenance.
    • Local availability, costs, and sources for construction equipment that may be leased.
    • On-site survey data with elevations, dimensions, and stations.
    • Soil analysis of all soils expected to be excavated or used in construction.
    • Location of fences, structures, high-traffic roadways, or other obstacles that may affect construction.
    • Formal route and bridge reconnaissance from the expected port of debarkation (POD) to the construction area.
    • Specific locations and requirements for rights-of-way and easements to support the construction mission.
    • Existing HN construction plans for the missions requested. Often these projects have been designed and on the books for years awaiting funding.
    • Existing HN survey data for the construction site.
    • HN hydrological studies, if available, for any rivers expected to be bridged or forded.
    • HN cultural or ethic mores that would impact on construction; for example, occidental vice oriental latrines and geographic orientation of facilities.
  • Potential for unconventional weapons in the area of operations. Determine if nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) protective masks and equipment will be used during the exercise. Determine if decontamination supplies and equipment are required.
  • Request for early declassification of the exercise, to include deployment routes.
  • Operations order (OPORD) format and/or requirements of the theater CINC.
  • Supporting CINCs United States Army Forces Command (FORSCOM) or United States Southern Command (USSOUTHCOM) deployment order requirements.
  • Restrictions, if any, on presence and/or participation of general/flag officers.
  • Need for and source of translator/interpreters for the unit staff or duration staff (for ODT).
  • Liaison party. Negotiate and/or request approval for the return of a small liaison team to the HN 3 to 6 days before the STARTEX. Include arrangements for transportation, quarters, and messing.
  • Locations for separate headquarters, if desired, for the US service components. Determine collocation requirements for HN liaison officers at the US headquarters.
  • Operational-equipment requirements for equipment that is not normally part of the unit, such as communications gear, medical equipment, and construction equipment.
  • Predeployment training requirements for equipment not normally located in the unit, such as the tactical satellite (TACSAT), the Tactical Army Combat Service Support (CSS) Computer System (TACCS), and the Standard Army Retail Supply System (SARSS).
  • Routes and modes of travel within the US. This includes the responsibility for transportation of nonorganic units.
  • Designated ports and airports of departure and arrival. Coordinate with the transportation officer from the local installation, area support group, or Transportation Command (TRANSCOM), as appropriate.
  • Restriction on weapons of heavy caliber (.50 caliber and above).
  • Restriction on US flags or unit ensigns.

Intelligence-Considerations Checklist. The following considerations apply to intelligence planning:

  • Current threat in the exercise area. If it is appropriate for the local environment, include threat engineer capabilities; for example, techniques they employ and types of mines they have. Determine resources to maintain up-to-date threat information; for example, human intelligence (HUMINT), image intelligence (IMINT), electronic intelligence (ELINT), medical intelligence, and local police.
  • Contact with the US Defense Attache in the US embassy. Also contact the regional security officer, Chief of Station, and additional contacts with whom continuous liaison is required.
  • Requirement for full or part-time counterintelligence liaison with the HN's intelligence services.
  • Proposed location of tactical operations centers. If not collocated, determine communication interface requirements.
  • Requirement for a sensitive compartmented information facility (SCIF).
  • US government facilities that can receive, store, or send classified messages and documents. Determine if armed forces courier service and special security office are locally accessible in the exercise area. Determine if diplomatic pouch and back-channel service is available through the US embassy.
  • Deployment sites classified storage and destruction requirements.
  • Secure communications requirements; for example, fixed site, voice, teletype, and mobile.
  • Areas that should be off limits to US forces. Notify the task force commander of these off-limit areas.
  • Information on the attitude of the local populace toward US forces. Disseminate this within the task force.
  • Opposing forces (OPFOR) uniform requirements, if applicable.
  • Briefing room, wall board, projector, and security requirements for classified briefings, and so forth.

Communication-Considerations Checklist. The following considerations apply to the communications aspects of a deployment:

  • Frequency requirements, frequency availability, and HN restrictions for--
    • Ultra high frequency (UHF).
    • High frequency (HF) and HF single side band (SSB).
    • Very high frequency (VHF).
    • Amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM).
    • TACSAT.
    • Teletype.
    • Secure communications equipment.
  • HN communications equipment and interface requirements and restrictions.
  • Communications requirements (secure and nonsecure) from entry points to the exercise site and from the exercise site to the US embassy, the theater CINC, CONUS, and so forth.
  • Secure telephone unit (STU). Equipment is needed at both ends if secure telephone transmissions are necessary. Request keying materials through communications security (COMSEC) channels from the National Security Agency at least six months before departure.
  • Requirements for receiving, storing, destroying, and accounting for COMSEC material, if applicable.
  • Mobile communications requirements (secure and nonsecure) to support convoys, base camp, and work sites.
  • Requirements for specialized communications equipment. Include any special support requirements, such as transformers, filters, and ground points.
  • Communication-center security considerations, such as access controls, emergency destruction procedures, duress procedures, lighting, and special power requirements.
  • Estimated cost of communications support, to include leased lines, commercial power, POL for generators, and transformers.
  • Unique atmospheric phenomena that impact on communications.
  • Communications systems that will be used by higher headquarters and other mandatory communications nodes. Ensure that the-task force will have adequate assets to maintain continuous communications with these nodes.

Personnel-Considerations Checklist. The following considerations apply to the personnel aspects of a deployment:

  • Rules on consumption of Class VI personal demand items (beer, cigarettes, and so forth) for exercise participants. Publish these rules within the task force.
  • Establishment of standardized living conditions for all task force personnel, if possible. Inconsistent standards can cause morale problems within the task force.
  • Impact of the US presence on the local populace in the deployment area. An influx of dollars (or HN currency) may have major repercussions in a poor area. Well-in-tended actions by US soldiers may have a negative impact on the local people's view toward the HN government.
  • In-country records requirements, such as medical, dental, pay, and personnel records; passports; and job books.
  • Country-unique medical requirements. In coordination with the medical staff, identify requirements and ensure that appropriate preventive measures (such as shots) are accomplished before deployment.
  • Personnel requiring specialized medication. For individuals needing prescription medicines, ensure that they bring enough for the duration of their participation in the exercise, including any anticipated extensions and delays. Ensure that unusual medicine requirements are coordinated with the medical staff.
  • Personnel requiring glasses. For those requiring prescription glasses, ensure that two serviceable pairs are available before deployment. If NBC gear is carried, ensure that a pair of prescription mask inserts are properly fitted to the individual's mask. It may be necessary to prohibit the use of contact lenses to avoid eye infections; coordinate this issue with medical personnel.
  • Restrictions, if any, on female service members. For example, local customs in some Middle East countries can affect the duties of female personnel. In some cases, women are prohibited from driving and are required to wear long-sleeve garments. In some countries, officials may refuse to deal with females in leadership roles.
  • Uniform and dress requirements, taking into account environmental factors.
    • Military on base.
    • Military off base.
    • Civilian dress requirements and restrictions.
    • Military en route to and from the exercise.
  • Passport and visa requirements.
    • Try to obtain a waiver of passport and visa requirements. If approved, obtain approval or agreement for the use of a military identification (ID) card or a certified unit roster to satisfy HN requirements.
    • Try to obtain an entry fee waiver for deploying troops (for countries charging entry fees).
    • Determine if a need for HN ID cards exists.
    • Determine procedures required by the HN for in-processing.
    • Determine requirements for in-country travel.
    • Determine requirements for travel to major cities near the operational area (if different from above).
  • Customs procedures for arrival and departure. Disseminate information on items prohibited by the US or the HN.
  • In- and out-processing requirements once in country for AC and RC personnel.
  • Country-clearance requirements for personnel entering the HN. If clearances are required, ensure that the request is processed in a timely manner. Establish procedures for obtaining country clearances for rotational personnel, visitors, and so forth.
  • Procedures to be followed in the event of an accidental death.
  • Charts of HN military ranks (officer and NCO).
  • HN money system. Determine the US and HN money exchange rate and approved procedures.
  • Dates of local holidays and routine hours of operation for local businesses/government offices. Determine the impact of these issues on task force operations. This may include the prohibition of equipment or haul operations, the closure of public and private offices that supply resources, and the absence of HN-contracted labor. Coordinate these issues with operations and logistics sections.
  • Postal-service requirements. Determine whether the service will be for letters and packages or letters only. Determine procedures for the replenishment of stamps and other related activities, such as money orders.
  • Support should be requested by a postal detachment, if warranted. Ensure that the detachment establishes an Army Post Office (APO) number before unit deployment.
  • Emergency-leave procedures.
    • Determine the availability of Red Cross facilities in country.
    • Determine passport or visa requirements if travel is via commercial airlines.
    • Determine procedures for turn-in and reissue of HN ID cards if they are issued.
    • Establish procedures for tracking personnel movements between home station and the deployment site. A system must be established to maintain personnel accountability.
  • Morale, welfare, and recreation support.
    • Determine recreational-facilities availability and access.
    • Determine and disseminate information on the use of cameras.
    • Determine if audio-visual equipment and movies can be obtained through the US embassy. If so, determine equipment requirements; for example, 8-mm versus 16-mm format.
    • Determine if personnel will be able to make phone calls to their home/home station.
  • Financial-planning program. All soldiers and their families must be financially prepared for extended deployments. Checking or savings accounts must be established and allotments started so that families have access to funds at the home station. Deployed soldiers must take an adequate number of personal checks to cash during their deployment. Commanders must ensure that soldiers have planned for the welfare of family members.
  • Basic load of tax forms and publications if the unit will be deployed during tax-filing time. Establish a training program for unit tax officers.
  • Family-support program to assist the soldiers' families. These programs sustain morale and unit combat effectiveness. Key components of such a program include--
    • Information briefings and newsletters.
    • Guidance on powers of attorney and wills.
    • Unit and family assistance interface, including emergency-notification procedures.
    • Phone numbers for key POCs.

(For more details, see the family support group checklist.)
  • HN Briefings for all personnel. All members of the task force should understand the culture, customs, traditions, and religion of the local people. They should also know the military and political goals of the exercise. An understanding of key phrases in the local language is also worthwhile.
  • In-country briefing by the State Department or the HN for all deployed personnel. The liaison team should coordinate for this briefing.

Public-Affairs-Considerations Checklist. This checklist is based on the assumption that final, approved public affairs guidance for an exercise authorizes direct coverage of the exercise by news-media representatives. Also, there will be significant news-media interest by the American and foreign (including indigenous) press. Even if it appears clear that no on-scene media visits will be permitted, the information sought by this checklist should be obtained in case that policy changes on short notice. The following considerations apply:

  • Principal and alternate public-affairs POCs within the US embassy.
  • Principal and alternate POCs within the HN's Ministry of Defense and Ministry of Information for public-affairs aspects of the exercise.
  • Number of news-media organizations represented in the country; for example, American, European, and indigenous.
  • A list of media contacts in country, if available.
  • HN's policy towards the foreign press corps.
  • Requirement by the HN for accreditation of newsmen from outside the country.
    • Determine what documents are required, to whom correspondents must apply, and the approximate time to obtain accreditation.
    • Determine if the HN would object to news-media representatives accompanying exercise forces from CONUS aboard military aircraft.
  • Standing Department of Defense (DOD), Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), and/or theater CINC press guidance and public-affairs policy for the exercise. Determine if it is compatible with the US Ambassador's public-affairs policy for the exercise and if any of the guidance is likely to change.
  • HN's public-affairs policy for the exercise and whether it is likely to change.
  • HN's ground rules for American and foreign news media. Determine if these rules are the same as those for indigenous media.
  • Press release.
    • Determine if a press release has been drafted for the exercise.
    • Determine if the press release has been coordinated with the US embassy.
    • Determine if the press release and sample questions and answers have been coordinated with the HN.
    • Determine when the US embassy and the HN would like to see the press release published.
  • Extent of US embassy public-affairs-officer (PAO) involvement in the exercise. Determine the US embassy ground rules for the task force PAO when dealing with news-media representatives and inquiries.
  • CA personnel attached to the unit. If there are no CA personnel attached, the unit must identify personnel within the organization who speak the HN's language.
  • Logistical requirements, such as transportation, food, and overnight accommodations for media visits to the exercise site.
  • Policy and procedures for taking photographs, motion pictures, or videotapes of the exercise.
    • Determine HN sensitivities.
    • Determine if photographs, motion pictures, or videotapes may be released directly by the exercise PAO (after coordination with US embassy PAO) without clearance by the HN. If not, determine what arrangements must be made with the HN.
    • Give operations security (OPSEC) briefings to news-media personnel outlining reasons for security precautions and examples of Do's and Don'ts.
    • Determine requirements for local processing of film and distribution of prints.
  • Facilities near the exercise site available for use as a press center in the event it is necessary to establish one.
  • Requirements for access to the automatic voice network (AUTOVON) from the press center facility.
  • Interpreter requirements for dealing with the indigenous press.
  • Information and brochures, if available, on the closest suitable hotels that western news representatives could use.
  • Special arrangements necessary for hometown news releases.

Provost-Marshal-Considerations Checklist. The following considerations apply to the security and law-enforcement aspects of a deployment:

  • Effect that existing political agreements or Status of Forces Agreements (SOFAS) will have on enforcement activities. If a SOFA does not exist, determine what procedures will be followed.
  • Appropriate weapons-, ammunition-, and equipment-security measures.
  • Appropriate procedures for combatting terrorism. Determine sources of threat information. Establish special equipment requirements for sensors, alarms, communications, night-vision devices, and emergency lighting.
  • List of prohibited items for customs processing. Disseminate the list and coordinate customs procedures for country arrivals and departures. Coordinate with customs inspectors for unit deployment procedures.
  • A security concept that fits the situation.
    • Conduct overall physical security risk assessment for the command.
    • Determine the number of entry control points and area patrols at the base camp, deployed sites, airfields, and seaports.
    • Determine procedures for processing nonexercise participants for entry into exercise installations and sites, including official and unofficial visitors.
    • Determine requirements for combined-security arrangements.
    • Determine the jurisdiction of HN police and the type of jurisdiction of task force security personnel.
    • Determine interface requirements, to include joint patrols and bilingual guards.
    • Determine enforcement requirements due to local customs and values, for example, photography, consumption of Class VI items, and dress requirements.
    • Determine off-limits establishments and distribute information.
    • Determine procedures to control local vendors at US encampment sites.
    • Determine augmentation requirements and procedures when military police units rotate.
    • Determine security procedures when other major task force personnel rotations occur.
  • Measures that ensure the security of government and private property. Address measures to be taken during all phases of the operation; for example, during transit, in ports of embarkation and debarkation, in the base camp, on project sites, and during convoys.
  • Briefing for deploying troops. Include SOFA cards that contain instructions and POCs for troops experiencing problems with local authorities. The card should contain the information in English and the language of the HN.

Medical-Services-Considerations Checklist. The following considerations apply to the medical-services aspects of a deployment:

  • General medical information for area of operations.
    • Endemic and epidemic diseases prevalent in the area of operations.
    • Poisonous plants, wild animals, and reptiles (land and water).
    • Domestic animals and animal diseases.
    • Pest management.
    • Health status of the general populace.
    • Availability of local medical and dental care for the general populace.
    • Availability of local veterinary programs.
  • Health service support considerations for deploying forces.
    • Immunizations and chemical-prophylaxis requirements.
    • Location and capability of supporting medical element (coordination requirements if medical support is being provided by another US service, allied nation, or HN, including emergency medical treatment and hospitalization).
    • Availability of medical evacuation, to include road networks, aeromedical- evacuation resources and procedures, and communications requirements.
    • Preventive-medicine programs and measures requirements, to include inspection and approval of potable-water sources, dining-facility inspections, field hygiene and sanitation, and pest management.
    • Requirements for field-sanitation teams, to include training and equipment.
    • Veterinary assets for the inspection of Class I items for wholesomeness and for approval of local sources for foodstuffs.
    • Personal-protective supplies, such as insect repellant, mosquito bars, sunscreen, tropical or cold weather clothing, and protective masks for dust.
    • First-aid refresher training and combat-lifesaver training for deploying forces.
    • Training and equipment requirements.
    • Level of basic supplies that each deploying unit should bring; for example, 5 days, 15 days, 30 days, 60 days, or more, based on table(s) of organization and equipment (TOE) requirements and on operational contingency. Determine Class VIII resupply requirements and procedures and the location of the supporting facility.
    • Medical-communications support requirements for the base camp to CONUS and dispersed sites, medical readiness teams, and so forth.
    • Development of a contingency plan for mass-casualty situations.
    • Coordination requirements for civic action programs that include medical operations (refer to Field Manual (FM) 8-42 for medical-mission assessment information).
    • Distance from the base camp to where medical civic action program activities are to be conducted.
    • Accessibility of the area of operation, such as paved roads, paths, pack animals, ground transportation, or air transportation requirements.
    • Types of medical missions based on medical needs of the local populace.
    • Climatic- and environmental-related threats to health.
    • Operation length.
    • Participation level of HN (civilian or military) health professionals.
    • Local sources of medical materials.

Religious-Program-Considerations Checklist. The following considerations apply to the religious program of a deployed unit:

  • Worship environment.
    • Identify the principal faith groups represented in the HN.
    • Identify any restrictions on, or prejudices relating to, the free exercise of religion.
    • Identify the name and location of the senior HN military chaplain holding jurisdiction in the exercise area.
    • Identify the name and location of the senior US military chaplain in the HN, if any.
    • Identify the name and location of any US and foreign missionaries near the exercise area.
    • Identify any worship facilities, military or civilian, within or near the exercise area.
    • Determine if a worship facility, other than a general messing facility used outside of meal times, is necessary for exercise participants.
    • Ensure continuous chaplain coverage for the exercise.
  • Counseling support.
    • Identify the nearest overseas telephone terminal.
    • Identify the availability and the location of a Military Affiliate Radio System (MARS) station.
    • Identify the nearest POC for the Red Cross.
    • Identify procedures for emergency-leave travel.
  • Possibilities for civic action.
    • Identify orphanages, schools, child-care centers, nursing homes, and so forth near the exercise area that might benefit from volunteer civic action.
    • Identify the POC for civilian social services in the exercise area, if any.
    • Provide collection points for food, clothing, and other donated items. Identify recognized, local organizations that may distribute these items.

Legal-Considerations Checklist. The following considerations apply to the legal-services aspects of a deployment:

  • Exercise-training limits, such as permissible and forbidden activities; geographical limits for CA, medical, and engineer personnel. Determine these limits through the appropriate Judge Advocate General (JAG).
  • HN support agreements, protocols, memoranda, and similar documents. Obtain these documents from the US embassy in the HN.
  • SOFA. Determine if a SOFA is in effect. If not, coordinate requirements with the JAG, the theater CINC's Staff, and country team personnel in the US embassy. Potential items include--
    • Privileges and immunities of US soldiers during the exercise in the HN.
    • Crimes committed by a US soldier. Determine whether the HN has jurisdiction to try the individual.
    • Concurrent jurisdictions. If the US and the HN both have jurisdiction to try criminal offenses, determine which nation will try the cases and what procedures will be followed.
    • Procedures for obtaining custody of US personnel incarcerated by the HN police and what reports are required.
    • Tax or customs liabilities of US personnel entering or leaving the HN.
    • Whether US personnel are subject to civil suits. If so, obtain a compendium of civil actions that might arise.
  • Procedures, rules, or regulations that must be followed by US personnel bringing personal property into the HN.
  • Restrictions, if any, on motor vehicle operations by US personnel.
  • Financial obligations incurred by the US through exercise participation in the HN.
  • Duties and obligations the US has in regard to military equipment brought into the HN.
  • Duties and obligations that will be imposed on the US for facilities that they construct.
  • Assumed or agreed to obligations of the HN in regard to all phases of support.
  • HN policies on whether US authorities can employ local nationals.
  • Infringements on HN sovereignty.
  • Claims.
    • Determine procedures for in-country claims if filed against the US government and what documentation is required from those filing the claim.
    • Determine what claims procedures the US has agreed to for claims filed against the HN.
    • Determine if a claims specialist will be assigned to the task force. If not, determine who will handle claims.
    • Provide exercise participants with information on key Do's and Don'ts so that claims against the US government and/or the individual can be avoided.
  • Authority of the task force chain of command under the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ). Determine who has court-martial convening authority for the various levels of courts-martial.
  • Court-martial arrangements to bring in a judge for courts-martial or to transport soldiers and witnesses to court.
  • Requirements for Trial Defense Service (TDS) support. Establish procedures for providing support to the task force, such as rotational deployment of TDS personnel, transportation of unit personnel to see TDS lawyers, or other alternatives.

Logistical-Considerations (Facilities) Checklist. The following logistical considerations apply to facilities planning for a deployment:

  • Billeting.
    • Determine billet availability and procedures for requesting them through HN military and commercial sources.
    • Determine how the troops will be billeted in the base camp; for example, tents, temporary huts, or portable shelters.
    • Assess cost and relative safety of electric, coal, wood, oil, and other types of heaters if heating is required for billets.
    • Determine billeting spaces required for overnight and VIP guests.
  • Work structures.
    • Determine the requirement for and the availability of environmentally control-led structures for facilities such as the tactical operations center (TOC), aircraft and equipment maintenance shelters, and communications centers.
    • Determine the requirement for and the availability of other work areas through HN military and commercial sources.
    • Determine request procedures for HN military and commercial sources.
    • Determine the availability of motor pools with security fences and lighting.
  • Ammunition storage facilities.
    • Locate an ammunition storage point if live ammunition is deployed.
    • Determine storage security requirements.

Logistical-Considerations (Supply) Checklist. The following logistical considerations apply to supply-support planning for a deployment:

  • Supply-source standard operating procedures (SOPs), documentation, and accounts. Ensure that the advance party has an adequate number of supply personnel to open accounts, to request and receive supplies, and to initiate contracts.
  • Procedures for maintaining property accountability. These procedures are especially important as property is transported from home station to the exercise site and when the property is being redeployed. Equipment and sets, kits, and outfits (SKOs) deploying early for base-camp construction and returning late after site breakdown must be closely controlled.
  • Class II, III (package), VI (sundry packs-male and female), and IX. Establish operational packages to support operations until the in-country logistical support base is established.
  • Procedures for the replacement of components of SKOs. Shortages of engineer hand tools and mechanics tools can have a serious impact on unit operations.
  • Requirements for initial self-service supply centers (SSSC) stockage. Establish accounts for SSSC replenishment in country. In some cases, it may be necessary to replenish SSSC items from the home station.
  • Requirements for environment-specific items.
    • Suntan lotion (sunscreen).
    • Sunglasses and goggles.
    • Insect repellent.
    • Mosquito net.
    • Water-purification tablets.
    • Hot- or cold-weather uniforms and accessories.
  • POL procedures.
  • Determine the availability, source, and distribution of POL; for example, JP-4, JP-5, JP-8, motor gasoline (MOGAS), DF2, alternative fuels, and POL additives for that climatic region.
    • Determine support requirements for petroleum storage and distribution.
    • Ensure that HN equipment is interchangeable with US equipment.
    • Provide for POL quality control. Task for a lab, if necessary. If fuel is provided by contract, ensure that the contract specifies appropriate US quality-control standards.
    • Ensure that the dispensing unit can filter the fuel and that the task force deploys with extra fuel filters if only poor-quality fuel is available.
    • Determine HN transportation and distribution capabilities.
  • Requirements for Class IV barrier material for the base camp, motor parks, job sites, and so forth. Determine sources of supply for Class IV items. In some areas, a rotating stock of Class IV items is available to deploying units.
  • Procedures to control guard ammunition. Establish procedures for issuing basic load of ammunition, if required.
  • Procedures for transferring equipment. During some exercises involving two-week rotations of units, an equipment pool will be used. Establish a task force equipment identification system.
  • Procedures for maintaining property accountability during marshaling operations.
  • Army and Air Forces Exchange Service (AAFES) field concession. If a field concession is needed, establish appropriate stockage items and resupply procedures.
  • Procedures for initiating and processing reports of survey.
  • Requirements for fire-fighting equipment and HN support capabilities.
  • Requirements for a logistical liaison team from the theater CINC.
  • Availability of commissary privileges in the US embassy. This is important for the task force commander who entertains VIPs (US and HN) at the task force site.
  • Coordination between rotations. This is essential during exercises in which the logistical support element (LSE) for the task force includes rotational personnel. Duration personnel should be assigned to key LSE positions, if possible. A continuity file should be developed to address problems, lessons learned, and recommendations for corrective actions.
  • Libraries of appropriate doctrinal publications and policies and procedures as well as any contingency plans that may apply to the operation.
  • Plans for phased deployment of logistics assets. Ensure early deployment of assets to provide mess capability, water production, fuel supply, Class IV control, and exercise property distribution.

Logistical-Considerations (Services) Checklist. The following logistical considerations apply to services-support planning for a deployment:

  • Messing.
    • Determine if messing can be arranged in the local area (clear with medical staff). If not, determine total messing facility requirements.
    • Determine the ration cycle that is supportable by ration-issue personnel and available equipment.
    • Determine if rations can be supplemented with food purchased locally.
    • Determine refrigeration and other special processing requirements. Refrigeration requirements must be thoroughly planned to ensure sufficiency. Consider the size of the force supported, the type and reliability of refrigeration equipment, the ration cycle, methods of ration transport, and the distance rations must be transported.
    • Coordinate with veterinary personnel for the inspection of Class I items for wholesomeness.
    • Coordinate with preventive-medicine personnel for sanitary inspections of dining facilities.
  • Water.
    • Determine requirements for water-storage support.
    • Determine the availability and sources of potable water.
    • Determine the quality and quantity of potable water needed as well as storage requirements and methods.
    • Determine requirements for water-purification support.
    • Determine HN transportation and distribution capabilities.
    • Determine the availability and the proximity of wells and the equipment required to use them.
    • Determine the need for water containers, bladders, and/or coolers.
    • Determine the availability and sources of ice.
    • Determine the quality and quantity of ice required.
    • Determine required health test equipment and procedures.
    • Coordinate with preventive-medicine personnel on the inspection of water sources, water, and ice for potability.
  • Hygiene.
    • Determine the availability of laundry services in the HN.
    • Determine the availability of shower facilities. Request bath and laundry units, as required.
    • Determine if portable latrine facilities can be contracted in the HN. If not, determine latrine and waste disposal procedures and the capacity needed.
    • Determine the method for trash and garbage disposal.
  • Electric power.
    • Determine the projected base-camp power demand.
    • Determine alternative power sources if the HN cannot meet requirements.
    • Determine the availability of HN commercial electrical power.
    • Determine any transformation and switchgear needs if HN power is available.
    • Determine the reliability of HN power and whether any backup generation capability is required.

Logistical-Considerations (Transportation) Checklist. The following logistical considerations apply to transportation planning--

  • For the predeployment phase of a deployment:
    • Applicable transportation references. Ensure that these references are available for planning and conducting unit movements.
    • Identification and certification of hazardous materials.
    • Hazardous cargo required for various types of deployments should be identified and certification information made readily available. All necessary packing materials to meet performance oriented packaging (POP) standards should be readily available.
    • Air-movement training. Ensure that the unit has an adequate number of air-load planners and hazardous cargo certifiers. FORSCOM Regulation 55-1 requires that each unit and intermediate command have at least one unit-movement officer appointed on orders. At least one person in each unit should be qualified to certify hazardous-cargo air shipments.
  • For the deployment and redeployment phases of a deployment:
    • Basic considerations. The general concept for movement must include the following information and features so that comprehensive planning can be conducted. This information must be coordinated with the logistical support unit early in the planning process--

      • Determine how equipment will be moved to the sea port of embarkation (SPOE).
      • Determine how personnel will be moved to the aerial port of embarkation (APOE).
      • Determine what equipment should be on the initial sea-lift list.
      • Determine the number of personnel to be moved by airlift.
      • Determine what equipment is to be airlifted.
      • Determine target dates for each movement.

        • Reconnaissance party.
        • Advance-party equipment.
        • Advance-party personnel.
        • Main-body equipment.
        • Main-body personnel.

      • Determine SPOE. Determine the capacity for ships, drafts, dock space, and lift equipment.
      • Determine APOE.
      • Determine sea ports of debarkation (SPODs). Determine the capacity of each SPOD for ships, drafts, dock space, and lift equipment.
      • Determine aerial ports of debarkation (APODs).
      • Determine trail party personnel and equipment for redeployment only.

    • Convoy routes from points of debarkation, arrival ports, and airfields to base camp or field training exercise (FTX) area.

      • Submit convoy requests.
      • Mark vehicles.
      • Check placards.
      • Prepare strip maps (include checkpoints).
      • Verify convoy clearances.
      • Establish and check communications. Coordinate lodging.
      • Coordinate messing.

    • Coordinate safety plans with civil authorities, such as police, for traffic control points.

      • Coordinate with PAO.
      • Set speed limitations.
      • Plan rest stops.

    • Establish refueling locations (address environmental restrictions and considerations).

      • Coordinate remain overnight (RON) locations.
      • Check road conditions.
      • Assess security considerations.
      • Develop controls for critical and pilferable materials.

    • Supercargo to accompany sea-lift cargo. Select these personnel based on military occupational specialty (MOS)-related tasks that will be performed aboard the ship.

    • Vehicle packing. Vehicles may be loaded with ammunition basic load, POL, or other equipment. If so, ensure automated unit-equipment-list (AUEL) data and other shipping data reflect accurate weights.

    • Bar code labels. Labels should be affixed to all vehicles and equipment for use with automated transportation systems.

    • Customs and shipment of vehicles and equipment. Ensure that fueling and defueling is planned for by the departure/arrival airfield control group (D/AACG). Determine US Department of Agriculture shipping requirements, and if special hoses, attachments, or steam cleaners are required to clean vehicles. Identify wash facilities at or near SPOD and/or APOD for customs inspection. Schedule wash racks or commercial facilities as needed.

    • Materials-handling-equipment (MHE) requirements and availability. Determine if International Standardization Organization (IS0) containers can be used from port to base camp.

    • Wrecker-support requirements and availability.

    • Passenger- and cargo-processing and holding-area requirements.

    • Tasking level for transportation maintenance and repair requirements (unit, intermediate, or depot).

    • Liaison with each port through which personnel and equipment will be deployed. Coordinate with D/AACG. Schedule predeployment conferences with port personnel during the preparation phase of the exercise. Determine any local requirements for the use of only HN personnel and whether they are qualified to operate Army heavy equipment.

    • Unit transportation liaison. Identify and establish liaison with the movement control team/organization that will support your unit/mission in theater. Provide unit liaison teams to all aerial and sea ports of embarkation and debarkation with detailed deployment information, including the unit's deployment equipment list (DEL), movement information, hazardous-cargo data, and vehicle-key-control procedures. The port liaison team must have authority to make decisions based on established milestones.

    • Unit load teams. Establish unit load teams to stage and prepare loads for shipping. Unit load team duties include--

    • Transporting equipment to sites (unit staging area and then to transportation node).

    • Performing organizational maintenance at the unit staging area or transportation node, if necessary.

    • Configuring and labeling loads for shipment at the unit staging area.

      • Loading and securing vehicles.

    • Rail loading. Ensure that ramps are ready for unloading and off-loading equipment. Ensure that rail-load teams have adequate blocking, bracing, and tie-down material. Vehicles without hardened-steel, tie-down shackles (clevis and pin) are nondeployable. Have shackles installed before load out. Shackles are highly pilferable, so carry extras.

    • POL for equipment transported by ship. Ensure that a POL point is established at ports where equipment will be off-loaded. Shipping restrictions limit the amount of fuel that may be left in fuel tanks. Vehicles must be topped off once they are unloaded.

    • Support for in-transit personnel. Ensure that liaison teams, load teams, and so forth are provided with rations, water, latrines, and shelter (and billeting if appropriate) at their work sites. Establish contact with the area support group (ASG) and local agencies to coordinate support for soldier health and welfare.
  • For the execution phase of a deployment:
    • HN transportation, Determine in-country transportation systems that will support mission requirements. Determine the systems' capabilities (during dry or wet weather) and restrictions (maximum size or gross weight of vehicles).

      • Seaports.
      • Inland waterways.
      • Roads.
      • Railroads.
      • Logistics over the shore (LOTS).
      • Airfields.
      • DZs.

    • Durability of main supply routes. Determine the number of routes and who will be using them. Determine if the task force will need to dedicate effort to maintaining local main supply routes. In many regions, the number of paved roads suitable for heavy traffic is very limited.
    • Vehicle-operator liability. Determine if US forces are protected from civil suits in case of a vehicle accident, either on or off duty. If not, determine the availability and cost of accident insurance.
    • Troop transportation. Determine if trucks and/or buses are available locally for troop movements and who provides the drivers.
    • Special requirements in area of operations. Identify any special items required to operate vehicles; for example, special tires for use in sand. Adjust authorized stockage list (ASL) and prescribed load list (PLL) quantities accordingly. Identify special equipment the unit must provide, such as aircraft tie-downs.
    • Requirements for international drivers licenses or other special driver training. Determine if there are any unique local driving laws.
    • Resupply transportation requirements. Based on anticipated quantities of resupply items, determine requirements for vehicles to transport supplies from major drop-off points to task force sites. Determine the amount of items to be moved forward by helicopter versus truck or pack animals.
    • Wrecker-support requirements and availability.
    • Tasking level for various transportation maintenance and repair requirements (unit, intermediate, or depot).

Logistical-Considerations (Contracting) Checklist. The following logistical considerations apply to planning for contracting during a deployment:

  • Sufficient field-experienced contracting agents should be attached to and collocated with the task force. These officers should have prepared contingency contracting- support kits which include data on local resource availability, as well as potential host-nation-support (HNS) assets. Ensure that they will be able to write contracts covering every phase of the exercise. If possible, they should understand the language and customs of the HN. Determine if it is necessary for contracting officers to wear civilian clothing.
  • Requirements for contracts. Determine what items and services should be contracted. Determine bilingual (oral and written) support requirements. Determine how funding will occur and, where applicable, estimate the cost of the following contract items:
    • POL, price per unit of measure (liter or gallon).
    • Water, price per unit of measure.
    • Electricity, price per kilowatt-hour (commercial power backup and use).
    • Officer, enlisted, and female quarters.
    • Engineer services, such as the disposal of garbage and sewage and the preparation of land areas, for example, leveling, ditching, sumps, and so forth.
    • Messing and dining facilities.
    • Facilities repair and maintenance.
    • Land and facility rental or usage charges.
    • Equipment rental.
    • Vehicle rental.
    • Mobile-electric-power-source rental.
    • HN civilian hire.
    • Repair parts procured locally.
  • Imprest funds. Determine how much money in imprest funds is required to support the exercise.
  • Items that may be considered for contracting include--
    • Construction-equipment leases for unique (non-modification table of organization and equipment (MTOE)) equipment.
    • Base-camp materials.
    • Rental vehicles, such as cars, four-wheel-drive vehicles, commercial vans, and refrigerated vans.
    • Laundry services.
    • Fresh fruits and vegetables. The source for these items must be approved by a veterinarian.
    • Lodging for personnel providing liaison to the US embassy.
    • Heavy haul of equipment (rail or truck).
    • Trash removal and waste burning.
    • Fuel coupons for rental vehicles.
    • Fuel tankers.
    • Bulk POL.
    • Bus transportation.
    • Potable ice.
    • Oxygen and acetylene.
    • Fumigation of the base camp.
    • Steam cleaners.
    • Newspapers.
    • Repair parts.
    • Forklift support.
    • Tire changing.
    • Machine-shop service.
    • Telephone service.
  • Maintenance of contracted equipment. Ensure that contracted equipment comes with service agreements. Establish a clause for an equipment contractor to repair equipment at the site where it is being used by US forces. Establish in-country service or parts contracts for equipment contracted in CONUS that does not include service agreements.
  • Accountability of contracted equipment. Establish procedures for maintaining accountability of contracted equipment; for example, rental cars and construction equipment. Establish procedures for tracking scheduled maintenance on contracted equipment (contractor- or unit-performed).
  • Coordinate closely with local authorities to locate the boundaries of property leased for base-camp sites, quarries, project easements, and so forth. This coordination is necessary to prevent encroachment on land that has not been leased. Boundaries should be plotted on survey maps of sufficient scale to prevent infringement of private-property rights. Determine restrictions on construction, digging, discarding refuse, and erecting towers.
  • Existing facilities that may be leased. Determine if an existing facility meets task force needs when supporting a unit requirement. For example, leasing an abandoned mining camp versus leasing an area and building a base camp.

Logistical-Considerations (Maintenance and Repair Parts) Checklist. The following logistical considerations apply to planning for maintenance and repair parts operations for a deployment:

  • Predeployment equipment inspections. Ensure that all equipment being deployed for an exercise receives a technical inspection (TI) by qualified personnel before deployment. This inspection is necessary to avoid shipment of nonoperational equipment. Particular attention should be given to equipment not normally used at home station, such as bakery units.
  • Advance party. Ensure that the advance party has an adequate number of mechanics, tools, and licensed operators to receive and move unit vehicles at the port.
  • Procedures for local purchase of repair parts. Determine procurement procedures, identify local sources of repair parts, and determine requirements for training Class A/contracting personnel.
  • Maintenance-support requirements and responsibilities. Identify all CONUS- based, in-country US, and local contract sources of support. Ensure that support is provided for all phases of the operation, including deployment and redeployment.
  • External maintenance support. Determine requirements for maintenance support beyond task force capabilities. Establish support agreements and open accounts with other units that can provide the support, including in-country, in-theater, or CONUS-based units.
  • Contact maintenance. Establish procedures for contact maintenance. Contact- maintenance teams can quickly repair minor deficiencies. Lube and service units positioned at key locations can decrease turn around time for vehicle maintenance.
  • Low-density equipment. Determine which parts have a low density in the supply system so alternative sources and finding methods can be established.
  • Commercial equipment. Determine procedures for using the commercial-operated parts depot system (COPADS) and commercial-operated parts retail systems (COPARS). Determine the availability of repair parts through local sources, such as John Deere, Caterpillar, and Case dealers.
  • Computer maintenance. Determine computer (hardware and software) and other specialized maintenance requirements.
  • Maintenance of temporary-loan equipment. Determine maintenance requirements for deployment-unique equipment, such as power generation equipment and refrigerator vans. Equipment failure of these critical low-density items can have a serious impact on the deployment.
  • Aviation maintenance. Determine the tasking level for aviation-maintenance requirements and procedures (unit, intermediate, or depot).
  • Warranty repairs. Determine how equipment repairs under warranty will be handled.
  • Repair-parts requisition procedures (manual versus computer system).
  • Force/activity designator (FAD). Determine if a temporary upgrade is required.
  • Project codes. Determine if project codes for the exercise have been established.
  • DOD activity address codes (DODAACs). Determine if in-country DODAACs are required.
  • Order ship time (OST). Determine the estimated OST for the exercise.
  • Exercise-specific repair parts. Determine repair-parts requirements and order them accordingly. Factors that impact on these requirements include the increased use of equipment, environmental considerations, length of lines of communication (LOC), and local availability of repair parts. Vehicle transmissions and tires are particularly critical in undeveloped areas.
  • Back orders. Determine how back-ordered requisitions will be tracked. Determine cut-off dates and cancellation procedures for orders to close the supply pipeline before redeployment.
  • Equipment transfers and repair parts. Establish procedures to ensure that repair parts, including major assemblies, for equipment transferred from one unit to another unit follow the equipment. These procedures are particularly important in exercises that have two-week unit rotations, as equipment will possibly be cross leveled based on unit size.
  • Requirements for emergency resupply. Determine methods of delivery-airdrop, air, land, sea, and helicopter.
  • Unserviceable major end items. Determine procedures for disposal of unserviceable equipment (HN versus stateside disposal). Determine procedures to establish a cannibalization point for wrecked vehicles.
  • Facilities. Determine maintenance and repair-parts storage space requirements and any environmental constraints.
  • Commercial power. Determine availability and compatibility of HN electrical power and whether any equipment has special electrical-power requirements.
  • Dispatching. Establish project dispatching procedures or validate existing procedures.
  • Licensing. Ensure that an adequate number of licensed personnel are designated to deploy to support the exercise.
  • Publications. Determine technical manual (TM) requirements and procedures. Manuals may stay with vehicles for the duration of the deployment or each rotation may bring their own set of manuals.
  • Tools. Determine what repair tools are required. Determine who will maintain them--the task force duration personnel or each rotation.
  • Test, measurement, and diagnostic equipment (TMDE). Determine TMDE- calibration support requirements and who will perform them.
  • Army Oil Analysis Program (AOAP). Determine the availability of laboratory facilities for oil analysis. Establish procedures for receiving timely test results at the deployment site.

Comptroller-Considerations Checklist. The following considerations apply to the budgeting aspects of a deployment:

  • Budget implementation. Determine funding sources and authorizations for the operation. Determine who will monitor costs in the various categories, such as transportation, POL, resupply, and operations and maintenance.
  • Items that are to be provided by the HN. Establish procedures for reimbursement to the US and requirements for maintaining accountability and records.
  • Funding sources, accountability procedures, estimated costs, and so forth, used for the following types of items:
    • Rental vehicles and equipment.
    • Utilities.
    • Engineer services, such as garbage and sewage disposal, and base-camp-site preparation.
    • POL.
    • Soldiers' salary while in country.
  • Contracting. Determine if an on-site agent has the authority to certify the availability of funds. If not, determine procedures to ensure the timely execution of task force contract requirements. Estimate tentative contracts, to include--
    • Dollar amount.
    • Purpose.
    • Contractor selection.
    • Bilingual--(oral and written) support requirements.
  • On-site fund requirements.
    • Determine how local transactions will be accomplished--cash, credit card, check, or another method.
    • Estimate funds required by imprest-fund agents (cash and obligation authority).
    • Establish procedures and the source for funds conversion. If the US embassy is the source, determine what notice or information they will need for fund conversion.
    • Establish a pay and per-diem-processing policy and procedures for in-country payments.
    • Establish a policy for emergency funds, to include limits on how much cash may be stored. Determine requirements for funds storage locations and accountability controls.
    • Instruct Class A agents, purchasing officers, and ordering officers on the specifics and restrictions of each job.

Aircraft-and-and-Airspace-Considerations Checklist. The following considerations apply to the aviation aspects of a deployment:

  • Coordination procedures with the Military Airlift Command (MAC) for troop-airlift support requirements. Establish lead times and cutoff points for changes. Determine a consolidated preparation for oversea movement (units) (POM) and a preparation of replacements for oversea movement (POR) site where airlift support is available.
  • Air-cargo loading requirements and procedures. Determine whether air-terminal movement-control teams or unit personnel perform air-cargo loading.
  • Coordination with MAC for overflight and refueling agreements. Coordination is required to ensure that agreements are made with appropriate HNs depending on the route of travel.
  • Identification, friend or foe (IFF) considerations for local surface-to-air missiles or radar.
  • Parking space for aircraft (coordinate with components and MAC) at the POM and POR sites, as well as potential HN sites.
  • Air-traffic-control procedures within the HN, such as control-tower manning (US or HN only or combined responsibility). Determine flight-plan filing requirements, radar-traffic-control procedures, and so forth. Request an air-traffic-control (ATC) team for bare-base operations.
  • Number, types, and locations of helicopters and pads required for the exercise. Determine refueling procedures and fire-fighting equipment needs. Determine special training requirements; for example, sling loads, high-altitude operations, and border-trace familiarization. Determine requirements for airfield matting or dust control agents to support aircraft operations.
  • Twenty-four hour flying operations. Determine if they will be conducted, and if so, whether there are any special coordination requirements.
  • Transportation for HN personnel. Determine if legal release forms are required for HN personnel to ride in US helicopters.
  • Procedures for monitoring and scheduling movement of equipment and personnel via airlift at in-country locations. Determine communications procedures and requirements so that the task force can stay abreast of aircraft schedule changes.
  • Ground-coordinate accuracy requirements and data source for aligning inertial navigation systems.
  • DZ for airborne operations requirements. Determine zone safety requirements and HN coordination procedures.
  • Air resupply.
    • Resupply may be conducted by airdropping or off loading supplies near the exercise site with subsequent helicopter or truck movement to the exercise supply sites. If intermediate off-loading is planned, determine MHE requirements.
    • Determine if precision controlled-approach radar or an instrument landing service is available if air resupply is critical. If not, determine if mobile systems can be obtained and certified to support the exercise.
  • Refueling requirements at HN sites. Determine fire-fighting equipment and personnel requirements. Determine how US quality-control standards for POL will be met.
  • Weather support. Determine who will provide weather information to the aircrews.
  • Backup support. Establish alternative procedures for situations when adverse weather is anticipated and aircraft are unable to fly. These procedures should address ground resupply, troop transport, and medical evacuation (MEDEVAC).
  • Command and control procedures for aircrews. Determine what procedures are needed for the task force to communicate with aircraft while en route from CONUS or intermediate points. Determine how the task force will stay in the information loop should an air diversion become necessary due to weather or aircraft system problems.
  • Procedures for obtaining unscheduled air support in the event of a change to mission requirements.
  • Procedures for aircraft security at normal operating locations (HN, US, or combined responsibility). Determine security and maintenance procedures in the event of unscheduled diversions.
  • Billeting provisions for aircrew rest requirements.
  • Maintenance and spare-part requirements for assets deployed in-country. Determine environmental constraints, the need for precision measuring equipment, special laboratory support requirements, and so forth.
  • Transportation of aircraft to area of operations. Determine if aircraft will self-deploy. Use cocoon wrap to protect aircraft from salt water on sea deployments.

Base-Camp-Considerations Checklist. The following considerations apply to base-camp planning and construction:

  • TOC area.
    • Perimeter concertina wire.
    • General purpose (GP) small tents for commander, S3, and VIPs.
    • GP medium tents for briefing areas, operations sections, communications sections, and weapons security.
    • Guard shacks at entrances. Provide access rosters to the security unit at secure area entrances.
    • Sandbag and gravel sidewalks.
    • Tent floors or covers.
  • Troop living area.
    • Sleeping tents.
    • Orderly rooms.
    • Supply rooms.
    • Supporting units.
    • HN forces.
  • Communications. An area for microwave tower or tactical-communications equipment should be secured (will be remoted to the TOC).
  • Staff and administrative areas.
    • Personnel Officer's (S1's) tent.
    • Supply Officer's (S4's) tent.
    • S4 yard with security fence and security lighting.
    • Weapons storage areas; for example, container express containers (CONEXs).
    • Dispensary.
    • Chaplains tent.
    • Chapel and movie tent.
    • Post-exchange van.
    • Bulletin boards.
  • Maintenance areas.
    • Maintenance tents.
    • Bulk-POL facilities (storage and issue).
    • Package-POL storage.
    • Waste-oil storage.
    • Tire-changing area.
    • Welding shop.
    • The Army Maintenance Management System (TAMMS) and PLL office.
    • Storage-van locations.
  • Sanitary and support facilities.
    • Water point.
    • Shower point (with leach field or equivalent).
    • Shaving stands.
    • Sump areas.
    • Latrines.
    • Urinals.
    • Human-waste burning areas.
    • Trash-burning pit.
    • Power supply/generators.
    • Laundry areas.
  • Dining facility.
    • Food-preparation area.
    • Food-serving area.
    • Eating area (covered or shaded).
    • Refrigerator vans.
    • Dry-goods storage area.
    • Hand-wash point.
    • Grease-disposal sumps.
    • Pot and pan wash area.
    • Water point.
    • Grease pit.
    • Cooks' quarters.
  • Other facilities.
    • Helipads for MEDEVAC and VIPs.
    • Aviation refuel areas.
    • Motor parks.
    • Sports facilities, such as soccer and softball fields and tennis and volleyball courts.
    • Perimeter road.
    • Perimeter fencing (single or multiple belt).
    • Perimeter lighting.
    • Guard shacks.
    • Guard towers.
    • Flagpoles.
    • Generator enclosure sites for mobile electric supply.
    • Bunkers.
    • Fighting positions.
    • Berms for fuel points.
    • Water towers or platforms for water blivets to provide water pressure.
  • Construction. Ensure that the base camp construction party takes adequate equipment and SKOs to perform its mission. This may include hand tools, DeWalt saws, pioneer electric-tool trailers, earth-moving equipment, and small emplacement excavators (SEES). Rented trenching machines or backhoes may be required for buried utilities. Do not mow wild grasses unnecessarily-exposed earth generates dust.

Redeployment-and-Recovery-Considerations Checklist. The following considerations apply to planning for redeployment and recovery:

  • Base-camp breakdown.
    • Breakdown of each tent area.
    • Disassembly of plywood floors.
    • Earthwork to return the site to its original condition.
    • Dates for--

      • Last hot meal in dining facility.
      • Last shower.
      • Last movie.
      • Last mail delivery.
      • Last resupply delivery.

    • Closure of Army exchange (PX) van.
    • Closure of S4 yard.
    • MHE requirements.
    • Commercial vans and military-owned demountable containers (MILVANs) positioning.
    • Base-camp support-contract phaseout.
    • Closure of burn pits and field latrines.
    • Removal of security wire.
    • Electrical-system removal.
    • Turn-in of leased equipment.
    • Maintaining security throughout the base-camp breakdown.
    • Turn-in or storage of base-camp materials, such as tents, plywood tent floors, concertina, wire, and pickets.
  • Movement.
    • Phased movement of equipment as it is no longer needed.
    • Sensitive item inventory. List the types of items, serial numbers, and how they will be transported (vehicle/ship ID or the person carrying them).
    • Security force for convoys.
    • Staging area for equipment at ports.
    • Initial and final cleaning of equipment. Plan for an initial cleaning in the vicinity of the base camp and a final cleaning in the vicinity of the port. Consider contracting steam cleaners. Repaint unit markings on vehicles and equipment as required.
    • Inspection of equipment before shipment. Identify nonmission-capable equipment and identify needed repair parts.
    • Logistics application of automated marking and reading symbols (LOGMARS) labeling.
    • Customs inspection of equipment, personal gear, and personnel.
    • Numbers of personnel to be moved by airlift.
    • Target dates for each movement.

      • Advance-party personnel.
      • Main-body equipment.
      • Main-body personnel.
      • Trail-party equipment.
      • Trail-party personnel.

    • Recovery.

      • Personnel accountability.
      • Sensitive-items inventory.
      • Equipment and SKOs inventories.
      • Equipment and tool maintenance.
      • After-action reports and lessons learned.
      • Homecoming ceremony.
      • Awards and soldier recognition.
      • Rail equipment requirements.
      • Block leave.

Construction-Considerations Checklist. The following considerations apply to construction operations in support of a deployment:

  • Drainage designs. Underdesigned culverts, headwalls, outfalls, and bridge supports may be damaged by seasonal rains. Failure to stabilize roadway shoulders causes loose material along roadways to clog culverts, aggravating drainage problems. Planners should seek and use terrain and climatology studies. Planners should conduct a thorough ground reconnaissance with local HN personnel before beginning construction and ensure that designs meet local requirements.
  • Quarry and rock-crusher operations. Inefficient quarry, rock-crusher, and haul operations may limit the ability of units to get aggregate to project sites. Adequate lead time for quarry and crusher setup must be included in the project management planning. Planners must develop an integrated maintenance program for quarry, rock-crusher, and haul equipment. Planners must also develop an efficient procedure for the transportation of aggregate, including well-planned haul routes. If possible, rock crushers should begin operations early and stockpile material before the beginning of construction. Planners must determine if there are any local restrictions or peculiar hazards associated with blasting operations.
  • Quality control and quality assurance. Units should establish and enforce quality-control and quality-assurance programs to ensure that high standards of construction are maintained. If there are not enough trained, experienced personnel within the unit, request them from the next higher headquarters or the engineer staff of the CINC responsible for the area. Areas of particular concern include earthwork, concrete placement, and drainage structures. Coordination with HN officials will assist in developing construction standards.
  • Construction materials. Construction materials contracted from local sources must be requested as soon as possible. Planners will face long lead times in some areas. The quality of materials must be checked by unit personnel. The quality of materials such as ready-mix concrete, cinder block, and clay pipe may vary from location to location. This may require design adjustment.
    NOTE: Country-by-country construction-material availability and compatibility information may be obtained from Huntsville Division, USACE, AFCS Branch, ATTN: ED-SY (AFCS), Post Office Box 1600, Huntsville, Alabama 35807.
  • Construction water. Planners must identify sources of construction water and methods of transporting it to construction sites. Water will be required for compaction, cement-soil stabilization, mixing and curing concrete, mixing mortar, and other tasks identified during construction planning.
  • Surveying. Construction plans and drawings should be verified by the surveyors on the site-survey team. Incorrect initial survey data affects not only elevations on the drawings but also earthwork estimates, fill-material requirements, and so forth. Planners should not assume that the initial survey for a project was done correctly.
  • Engineer construction equipment. Planners must determine if MTOE equipment is adequate to accomplish the construction mission. This applies not only to the quantity of equipment but also the type. For example, soil conditions in a region may not support the ground pressure of tractors organic to a particular unit. It may be necessary for the unit to contract smaller tractors or tractors with swamp tracks. Conditions may dictate the use of tracked backhoes as a substitute for the JD410 or SEE. The site-survey team should obtain this information from HN civilian agencies such as the transportation ministry, the HN military, and local construction contractors.
  • Construction techniques. Basic Army reference manuals for construction primarily apply to construction in temperate climates such as CONUS or Europe. The site-survey team must determine if special construction techniques are required for wet tropical conditions, desert environment, and so forth. They must also determine if there are any HN design requirements or prohibitions. The team can get this information from HN agencies such as the transportation ministry, the HN military, and local construction contractors. Planners can also obtain this information from after-action reports from other units that have operated in the same area.
  • Safeguarding the environment of the HN is a key aspect of construction operations. Planners must integrate environmental considerations in everything associated with the project. This includes quarrying operations, haul operations, vehicle and equipment maintenance, and refueling operations, as well as actual construction.

Topographic-Engineering-Considerations Checklist. The following considerations apply to topographic support for a deployment:

  • Identify and list the topographic and terrain-analysis products required to support the deployment.
  • Determine the availability and adequacy of existing topographic and terrain- analysis products, to include existing standard and nonstandard maps.
  • Determine what topographic-engineering forces are assigned to provide topographic support.
  • Determine how the command will provide the topographic support to meet the commander's overall mission requirements.
  • Determine requirements for topographic engineer and depot support to meet mission requirements.
  • Determine how deployed topographic engineering forces will conduct topographic operations.
  • Determine topographic-product and terrain-analysis-product supply, storage, distribution, and replenishment requirements and procedures.
  • Determine requirements for the provision of topographic logistics and maintenance support.
  • Integrate transportation requirements for topographic engineering units into the movement plan.
  • Delineate the priority of topographic support to supported units in coordination with the intelligence staff.
  • Determine primary and alternate locations of topographic engineering units, and specify command and support relationships according to FM 5-105.

Safety-Considerations Checklist. The following considerations apply to the safety aspects of a deployment:

  • Analyze the area of operations with respect to safety.
    • Climate (including the potential, for hot- and cold-weather injuries).
    • Terrain.
    • Vegetation.
    • Wildlife.
    • Potentially hazardous snakes and insects.
    • Environment; for example, whether it is highly populated, rural, or remote.
    • Local traffic rules and driving habits.
    • Anticipated missions.
  • Use a risk management approach to analyze the mission. Begin with deployment from home station and work through the whole operation, to include redeployment and recovery.
    • Identify potential hazards.
    • Assess the hazards.
    • Develop controls to reduce or eliminate the hazards.
    • Implement the controls.
    • Supervise to ensure the controls and standards are enforced.
    • Evaluate and update as necessary.
  • Conduct safety training and briefings to prepare personnel for upcoming missions.

Disaster-Relief-Considerations Checklist. The following considerations apply to disaster-relief specific deployments:

  • Local requirements and capabilities.
    • Determine local government requirements and priorities for assistance.
    • Determine location, capabilities, and status of HN military engineer units.
    • Determine location, capabilities, and status of local contractors.
    • Locate engineer materials and facilities.

      • Lumber yards.
      • Hardware stores.
      • Concrete plants.
      • Asphalt plants.
      • Quarries.
      • Engineer equipment.
  • Refugees.
    • Identify location of refugee concentrations.
    • Identify facilities available for refugees where they are concentrated.
    • Determine if refugee centers have been established.

      • Types of centers.
      • Locations.
      • Dates established.
      • Establishing agencies.

    • Additional requirements for the centers, such as power, shelter, water, and sanitation.
  • Transportation systems.
    • Identify location of key--

      • Evacuation/emergency routes.
      • Bridges.
      • Railroads.
      • Airfields.
      • Ports.

    • Determine if the above systems are operational. For nonoperational systems--

      • Report location.
      • Identify damage.
      • Estimate time, material, and equipment required to make them operational.
  • Facilities.
    • Identify location of facilities.

      • Water systems.
      • Food storage facilities.
      • Sanitation systems.
      • Communications systems.
      • Medical facilities.
      • Dams/waterways.

    • Determine the capacity of the above facilities.
    • Determine if trained operators are available.
    • Determine the status of the above facilities. For nonoperational facilities--

      • Report location.
      • Identify damage.
      • Estimate time, material, and equipment required to make them operational.
  • POC.
    • Determine in-country POC at the US embassy (missions outside the US).
    • Determine who is coordinating disaster-relief activities locally.
    • Determine the POC with the local--

      • Police.
      • Civil-defense agency.
      • Public-works department.
      • Transportation department.
      • Land resources agency.
      • Military units.

Family-Support-Group-Considerations Checklist. The following considerations apply to family support groups:

  • Ongoing actions (preparation for deployment).
    • Provide lines of communication for family members (both with the unit and among families).

      • Telephone trees.
      • Address rosters.
      • Newsletters.
      • Unit calendars.
      • Unit-update briefings.

    • Provide support to family members and make them feel part of the unit.

      • Group meetings.
      • Group projects.
      • Contact telephone calls.

    • Provide a structure that meets the needs of the unit.

      • Group-leadership structure.
      • Social committee.
      • Welcoming committee.
      • Contact persons.
      • Records keeper.

    • Provide training to members of the support group to make it more effective.

      • Crisis-intervention skills.
      • Basic communications and listening.
      • Problem solving.
      • Principles of information and referral.
      • Baseline knowledge of community services.
      • Special issues, such as dealing with stress, loneliness, and a death in the family.
  • Predeployment actions.
    • Predeployment briefings should address--

      • Description of the exercise.
      • Exercise dates.
      • Support available to families.
      • Telephone tree/chain of concern.
      • Methods for corresponding with deployed spouse.
      • Methods for contacting deployed spouse in an emergency.
      • Methods for picking up mail, checks, and so forth.
      • Current emergency phone numbers.
  • Family emergency information packets should contain--
    • Telephone numbers.

      • Personal (friends and family).
      • Business (military and civilian).
      • Family-support group.

    • Important family documents.

      • Bank book/checkbook/credit cards.
      • Powers of attorney.
      • Passports (if overseas).
      • Location of wills.
      • Location of insurance policies.
      • Location of birth certificates.
      • Location of mutual funds and certificates of deposit.

    • Information on emergency assistance agencies.

      • Military/civilian police.
      • Army Community Service.
      • Army Emergency Relief.
      • Red Cross.
      • Chaplain.

    • Medical information.

      • Number for emergency medical care.
      • Number for family doctor.
      • First-aid information.
      • Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Uniformed Services (CHAMPUS) information.
      • Defense Enrollment Eligibility Reporting System (DEERS) information.

    • Information on routine services.

      • Communication with the deployed soldier.
      • Mail pickup.
      • Housing problems.
      • Lost ID cards.
      • Pay problems, such as lost checks, no check, and allotment problems.
      • Legal assistance.
      • Auto craft shop.
  • Actions during deployment.
    • Newsletters.
    • Group meetings.
    • Group social functions, such as dinners and recreational trips.
    • Group projects, such as pen pals and volunteer work.
    • Periodic contact telephone calls or visits.
    • Unit-update briefings (rear detachment).
    • Special services such as babysitting.



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