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DATE=6/4/98
TYPE=CORRESPONDENT REPORT
NUMBER=2-233394
TITLE=SANCTIONS CRITIQUE (L-ONLY)
BYLINE=BARRY WOOD
DATELINE=WASHINGTON
CONTENT=
VOICED AT: 
INTRO:  THE U-S NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF MANUFACTURERS THURSDAY 
RELEASED A STUDY CONDEMNING THE INCREASINGLY FREQUENT U-S USE OF 
UNILATERAL ECONOMIC SANCTIONS AS A TOOL OF FOREIGN POLICY. 
V-O-A'S BARRY WOOD REPORTS.
TEXT:  THE MANUFACTURERS SAY THAT 61 U-S LAWS CURRENTLY AUTHORIZE
UNILATERAL SANCTIONS AGAINST 35 COUNTRIES. THEY SAY UNLESS THE 
SANCTIONS ARE OBSERVED BY OTHER TRADING NATIONS THE MEASURES ARE 
COUNTER-PRODUCTIVE AND HARMFUL TO U-S ECONOMIC INTERESTS. THE 
MANUFACTURERS SAY THAT SANCTIONS ARE BEING USED SO ROUTINELY BY 
THE ADMINISTRATION AND CONGRESS THAT THEY HAVE BECOME WASTED 
ASSETS. THE CONGRESS, SAYS THE MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION, TENDS 
TO IMPOSE SANCTIONS IN SUPPORT OF HUMAN RIGHTS OR TO STOP CHILD 
LABOR. THESE OTHERWISE LAUDABLE EFFORTS, IT SAYS, ARE USUALLY 
ILL-CONSIDERED. THE LAWS ARE ENACTED AND THEN FORGOTTEN.
IN THE MOST RECENT CASE, SANCTIONS AGAINST INDIA AND PAKISTAN FOR
CONDUCTING NUCLEAR TESTS, THE MANUFACTURERS BELIEVE THE MEASURES 
ARE INAPPROPRIATE SINCE WITH THE EXCEPTION OF JAPAN NO OTHER 
MAJOR NATION IS SUPPORTING THEM. ARTHER DOWNEY, AN N-A-M OFFICIAL
AND TOP EXECUTIVE OF AN OIL SERVICES COMPANY, SAYS THESE 
SANCTIONS WILL HURT U-S COMPANIES.
                         //DOWNEY ACT//
         YOU HAVE TO UNDERSTAND THAT THE INDIA PAKISTAN SANCTIONS
         ARE NOT A BROAD TRADE PROHIBITION LIKE WITH IRAN OR 
         LIBYA WHERE YOU CAN'T SELL. BUT IT STOPS LOANS, IT STOPS
         WORLD BANK ACTIVITY. SO THE IMPACT ON THE BANKING SECTOR
         IS HUGE. AND THE IMPACT ON THE SPECIFIC HIGH TECH EXPORT
         SECTOR WHERE THERE ARE PROHIBITIONS WILL BE SERIOUS.  
         AND YOU CAN EVEN GET INTO THE SOFT-WARE BUSINESS. 
         SILICON VALLEY, YOU KNOW, USES AN ENORMOUS AMOUNT OF  
         INDIAN SOFTWARE EXPERTS--IN INDIA.
                           //END ACT//
THE MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION POINTS TO A LARGE BODY OF SCHOLARLY
DATA SHOWING THAT SANCTIONS SELDOM ACHIEVE THE DESIRED RESULT. 
INSTEAD, IT SAYS, SANCTIONS UNDERMINE THE RELIABILITY OF U-S 
FIRMS AS DEPENDABLE SUPPLIERS AND GIVE EXTRA BUSINESS TO FOREIGN 
COMPETITORS. (SIGNED)
NEB/BDW/JO 
04-Jun-98 6:11 PM EDT (2211 UTC)
NNNN
Source: Voice of America
.