Tracking Number: 432520
Title: "Taiwan: Exercises Over; Now the Challenge Is to US-China Ties." (960326)
Date: 19960514
Text:
FOREIGN MEDIA REACTION DAILY DIGEST
USIA OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND MEDIA REACTION
U.S. INFORMATION AGENCY, WASHINGTON, DC 20547
PATRICIA McARDLE, BRANCH CHIEF MEDIA REACTION, (R/MR)
TELE. No. (202)619-6511
ANN PINCUS, DIRECTOR
March 26, 1996
TAIWAN: EXERCISES OVER; NOW THE CHALLENGE IS TO U.S.-CHINA TIES
Foreign commentators were relieved to note the diminution of tensions and the calming of rhetoric following the decisive victory of Taiwanese President Lee Teng-hui in last Saturday's first-ever elections. Beijing's official media announced the end of the military exercises in the Taiwan Strait but stressed that China still intended to use any means necessary--"including military means"--should foreign forces intervene either to block reunification or to promote Taiwan's independence. Most pundits concluded that Beijing had "blundered" with its futile efforts to intimidate Taiwan's voters. Singapore's pro-government Business Times observed, for example, that "instead of undercutting Mr. Lee's support, Beijing's actions served only to galvanize the Taiwan public." A South Korean daily contended that all parties had emerged from the standoff as winners--China successfully cast a pall over discussion of Taiwan's independence, Taiwan "internationalized" the military threat, and the U.S. showed its power.
Meanwhile, journalists in Taipei, throughout Asia and further afield as well urged leaders on both sides of the Taiwan Strait to resume talks and contacts soon. A typical comment appeared in Jakarta's pro-government Berita Buana, which chided Beijing for using "missiles and ammunition for its diplomacy," and urged China's leaders to "remember that peaceful methods are the most effective." Manila's independent Standard predicted that economic imperatives would pave the path to harmony, and observed that while President Lee had not made even a grudging nod to political conciliation with Beijing after his electoral victory, tensions had abated following Economic Minister Chiang Pin-Kung's call for "greater economic exchanges."
European editorialists roundly praised Taiwan's "admirable exercise" in confronting Beijing's threats. Centrist Sueddeutsche Zeitung of Munich averred that possibly the most important result of the crisis was that it enabled Taiwan to disprove the "stupid myth that the Asians in general and the Chinese in particular do not like democracy and human rights." Nevertheless, analysts fretted that the recent show of naval force in the region by China and the U.S. could "signal the beginning of a much graver conflict about hegemony in the Pacific Basin as a whole." In Paris, influential Liberation accused the U.S. of never missing an opportunity to "remind (the world) of its imperialistic desires." Yet a writer in the Philippines was not alone in asserting that, "like it or not, the United States remains the only military superpower in Asia." The Bangkok Post's Thai-language sister publication, Siam Post, fretted that as budget cutbacks inhibit the U.S. from maintaining its position as "world cop," China might rush to fill the resulting vacuum. The independent Times Of India contended that the contest for Pacific hegemony rather than the election campaign was behind the recent military exercises, and concluded that "the signal from China is that the Pacific Ocean divides two major powers and East Asia should adjust itself to that reality." For its part, Seoul's independent Dong-A Ilbo predicted that even if China and Taiwan return to a workable relationship, the "seed of discord" in U.S.-China relations would persist so long as Washington remains treaty-bound to protect Taiwan's security.
This report is based on 117 commentaries from 33 countries, March 22-26.
EDITORS: Rose Sue Berstein and Pat McArdle
EAST ASIA AND PACIFIC
CHINA: "We Will Do All That Is Needed To Protect Reunification"
The following article ran in official, Communist Party People's Daily and most other official papers (3/26): "Commenting on the recently concluded military exercises in the Taiwan Strait, Zhang Wannian, vice chairman of the Central Military Commission, said...that our army must unceasingly implement these basic policies: peaceful reunification; the one country, two systems formula; and President Jiang Zemin's eight-point proposal. The PLA (People's Liberation Army) must enhance its sense of mission...to make a greater contribution to the great cause of the peaceful reunification of the motherland.
"Zhang stressed that China advocates and has always been devoted to peaceful reunification. However, China will never undertake to renounce the use of force. Should foreign forces intervene in China's process of reunification or to promote Taiwan independence, we will adopt all means necessary, including military means, to protect reunification and to defend the country's sovereignty and territorial integrity."
"Exercises Over"
Official Xinhua news agency said (3/25), "The Xinhua news agency has been authorized to announce that the joint ground, naval and air exercises by the People's Liberation Army in the Taiwan Straits have ended."
"Now, How Can We Heal Ties?"
Xinhua domestic service commented (3/24), "It is noteworthy that as soon as the election results were announced, besides analyzing the gain and loss of various political forces, almost all people focused attention on whether the elected candidates will move to further cross-strait relations in line with the popular feeling. The people feel that the only way out for Taiwan is to further develop cross-strait relations."
TAIWAN: "Reflections After The General Elections"
The pro-establishment Economic Daily News said (3/25), "The most important responsibility will be assumed by President Lee Teng-Hui. As he was re-elected by an above-expectation majority, it indicated that the people have high hopes for him. Therefore, his responsibilities will be heavier. Meanwhile, the other three pairs of candidates together accounted for more than 40 percent of the votes. The choices made by these voters also need to be understood and respected. As a result, after the excitement of his re-election, President Lee should realize the burden the people have put on him. He should lead the people to face effectively the challenges before us.
"As for Taiwan-mainland relations, although President Lee ought to try to resume negotiations, the Chinese Communist authorities should also appropriately interpret the opinions of Taiwan's voters and give up the obviously failed policy of saber rattling. This will be the key to the prosperity of both sides across the Taiwan Strait."
JAPAN: "Lee's Landslide Victory And Future China-Taiwan Ties"
Liberal Asahi asked (3/24), "What did President Lee's landslide victory in the Taiwan presidential election signify? First, Lee was the first Chinese leader ever elected directly and justly.
"Secondly, the Taiwanese people did not yield to the Chinese military threats which the international community strongly criticized. In Taiwan, public opinion, if anything, pulled together in support of President Lee. To improve China-Taiwan relations nothing is more important than reducing military tensions in the Taiwan Straits. The Chinese should suspend military exercises in the Taiwan Straits, while U.S. carrier battle groups should leave the area. After a cooling-off period, Chinese and Taiwanese should restart negotiations by private citizens."
"U.S., China Move To Improve Relations"
Conservative Sankei (3/22) said, "Christopher and Chinese Foreign Minister Qian Qichen agreed to meet in The Hague on April 21. The setting of the...meeting--shortly before Taiwan's presidential election--could indicate that both Washington and Beijing have no intention of 'clashing' over the Taiwan dispute."
AUSTRALIA: "China's Blunder Is Taiwan's Gain"
The liberal Canberra Times opined (3/26), "Beijing blundered badly in its attempt to intimidate the Taiwanese voters into rejecting the more independent stance advocated by...Lee Teng-hui.... By making their pressure tactics so public and so extravagant, the Communist leaders focused world attention on the election, thus adding immeasurably to the loss of face contained in the strong Taiwanese endorsement of President Lee.... Worse, still, they elevated the issue of Taiwanese independence into a genuine item on the international agenda.... The Communist Party holdovers from a distant era are becoming increasingly irrelevant to an economically resurgent population, out of touch with political reality and obsessed with self-promotion.... It is possible the Taiwanese rebuff will encourage the international community to stand by the people of Hong Kong in any attempt to retain democratic elements in their governance. It should not be assumed, however, that the old men of China will be amenable to moderation."
"China's Fury Snubbed By Taiwan Vote"
The national, conservative Australian commented (3/25), "Beijing's actions could cost it dearly in the U.S. Congress when the annual renewal of its trading status is debated. By disrupting confidence in Taiwan's trade and investment patterns, Beijing also hurts the mainland's economic development in more direct ways.... Beijing would be wise to accept that the divergence of Taiwan's political system is not about to be reversed, and to join with Taipei in making these elections the catalyst for a rapprochement by lifting the 12-month freeze on diplomatic and reunification contacts."
HONG KONG: "Independence Or Reunification"
PRC-owned Wen Wei Po commented (3/26), "During the military exercises of the People's Liberation Army, the United States grouped together its aircraft carriers and naval fleet. At the same time, it also was selling missiles, aircraft navigation systems and electronic-controlled aircraft to Taiwan. This has further revealed that the United States is a behind-the-scenes supporter of Taiwan independence. The United States does not want to see the peaceful reunification of China: Thus it continues to support activities (aimed at) splitting (China and Taiwan) and obstructs China's economic development from gradually moving toward prosperity." INDONESIA: "Red Dragon Has Missile Teeth"
Pro-government Berita Buana (3/26) commented, "The conflict in East Asia triggered by China's provocation of Taiwan was finally curbed by firm action by the United States. China used missiles and ammunition for its diplomacy. This is a setback for Beijing, which had just gained the trust of East Asian nations following bitter experiences in the past.... We see that the post-Deng generation is anxious over the succession of leadership (in Taiwan,) but the powers in Beijing should remember that peaceful methods are the most effective."
"The Taiwan Crisis Is Still Going On"
The pro-government, English-language Indonesia Times (3/25) said, "Lee has not yet won the political war, though his enormous victory gives him uncontestable popular legitimacy.... The Communist Chinese do not want to attack Taiwan but the foreign troops who help Taiwanese. These foreign troops must be Americans.... Two members of the European Union, representing a 12-member delegation, described Saturday's presidential election as free, fair and completely democratic. Both European parliament observers said that the European Union should push for Taiwan's admittance into the United Nations and the World Trade Organization.... Indonesia recognizes one China only. But Americans and Europeans are now creating problems which make the Taiwan crisis go on, making Communist China restless."
"The Middle Empire Reawakens?"
Business-oriented Bisnis Indonesia (3/22) observed, "Tensions in the Taiwan Strait have caused some countries to rethink the vacuum in the Asia-Pacific region in the post-Cold War era. Perhaps the reunification dispute is only China's initial target in demonstrating its interest in filling the void. The Asia-Pacific situation in the 1990s and the following century will be colored by attempts to fill the vacuum. All states wish to contribute to its make-up, as the best response to change is to be involved in making the changes."
MALAYSIA: "Asia Must Take Care Of Itself"
The government-influenced, financial Business Times commented (3/22), "Security in the region should be based on strong bilateral relations as well as political and security arrangements involving all countries that have a stake in ensuring stability.... This is not to belittle the role of the U.S. forces in the region. In the Taiwan Straits' war games, for example, the U.S. factor cannot be written off against Beijing's habit of flexing its military muscles, although the war games in themselves cannot be viewed as a certain sign that China is going to invade Taiwan....
"Yet, one has to also question the consistency of the United States in rendering help.... There is no guarantee that a U.S. presence means a U.S. commitment to safeguard the security of every nation in this region.... Security is necessary to sustain growth, and it should be pursued by developing positive bilateral relations with other countries in the region. Such bilateral ties need not even be defense-related or involving security.... A United States that is willing to stay around to try and calm troubled waters will always be welcome.... But more importantly, Asia has to seriously try to take care of its own domestic problems. It has been taking the lead in some of these efforts, including its move to bring China and Japan under one grouping or caucus. Barring external influences, this could be the first step toward greater self-confidence in the region." NEW ZEALAND: "China Backs Into Corner"
Auckland's top-circulation, moderate New Zealand Herald (3/22) held, "China's military maneuvering is not just a response to the notion of an independent Taiwan--as distant as that prospect may be. It is an overt demonstration of Beijing's distaste for democracy.... It is is also an opportunity to test just how committed the United States is to remaining a regional power when the signals coming out of Washington are for American abrogation of international interest.... With the redirection of carrier battle groups into the region, the administration has indicated it takes its obligations under the Taiwan Relations Act seriously."
PHILIPPINES: "Beijing Loses"
Political science professor Alex Magno wrote in the independent Manila Standard (3/26), "The firmness of the U.S. commitment to Taiwan...disadvantages China in the high stakes diplomatic poker played across the straits. It virtually assures that Beijing cannot stomp Taiwan with an invasion.... Having failed in its attempt to intimidate, Beijing has few political weapons left in its arsenal to bend the cross of cross-straits relations to its will.... Time is not in Beijing's favor, however. As Taiwan gathers economic strength, and as democracy takes root...reunification on the mainland's terms becomes less likely."
"A Lesson From Taiwan"
The conservative Philippine Star held (3/26), "We feel envious of Taiwan.... Not only were the elections completed with no incidents of cheating, harassment and the usual violence that attends similar exercises in the Philippines, but the results were immediately known by the whole world in 24 hours. It's not that democracy in Taiwan has reached full maturity. After all, it was holding its first truly democratic elections in 5,000 years. But with the rest of the world nervously watching, and Big Brother on the other side of the lagoon raring to cross over and give it a spanking, Taiwan conducted itself honorably in the eyes of everyone."
"China-Taiwan Tension Eases"
The Manila Standard (3/25) argued, "It was not really the outcome of the presidential election...that eased the growing tension between China and Taiwan.... It was Lee's economic minister Chiang Pin-Kung's call for 'greater economic exchanges' that did it.... Whatever may be the outcome of such positive, conciliatory moves and statements, we can...be sure that the crisis created by China's reassertion of its sovereignty over Taiwan is over at least for now."
"U.S. Is Only Asian Military Superpower"
Columnist Nelson Navarro wrote in the Manila Standard (3/25), "The Chinese tantrum presented Washington with the golden opportunity of mounting its own magnificent show of force, complete with the deployment of two awesome aircraft carrier groups. Like it or not, the United States remains the only military superpower in Asia."
SINGAPORE: "Next Move Is Taiwan's"
The pro-government Straits Times opined (3/26), "A truth is at risk of being obscured in the haze of propaganda from both the Lee Teng-hui camp and China after the weekend's presidential election in Taiwan. "This is that the vote breakdown, after the thunder and fury of 'independence' and 'invasion' talk, has been little different from the pre-election preferences of the Taiwanese people where their future is concerned.... Those who cannot resist lumping together the Lee-Peng votes to construct this as a massive 75 percent cry for statehood might be showing their political illiteracy. The virulently anti-China U.S. Congress, primarily, would not wish to fall for what looks like a tempting bit of arithmetic. The Taiwan issue is complex beyond belief. Yes, the people want their space and wealth, but they know in their guts that they have to be reunited with the mainland some day. When and how, that is the question--not if.
"It would be incorrect, however, to say that the election has brought no change to the equation. China's pressure campaign has redefined, for the benefit of third parties, the process it would stick to in resolving Taiwan's status. That is, it is between Beijing and Taipei. Besides, the military show of force would have convinced Taiwan's immediate neighbors, possibly the United States as well, that armed intervention would be ill-advised. As for Mr. Lee, a mandate gained through a direct election strengthens his hand in the difficult dealings with China he would have to face in the months and years ahead. He should use this to secure concessions for his people, but bearing in mind, always, that Chinese sovereignty over Taiwan is non-negotiable.
"Lee Won Big But What's The Mandate?"
The pro-government Business Times remarked (3/25) on page one, "Instead of undercutting Mr. Lee's support, Beijing's actions served only to galvanize the Taiwan public to turn, almost in protest, to the man vilified by the Chinese press. But there is something else in Mr. Lee's victory. Taiwanese voters also seem to have voted for the status quo."
SOUTH KOREA: "U.S. And Japan, Together, To Keep An Eye On China" Pro-business Joong-Ang Ilbo said (3/26), "The tensions building in the strait served to strengthen the ground for advocates of stronger U.S.-Japan military cooperation. Ironically, China may have expedited greater Japanese involvement in regional security. Since America and China still need each other in such important areas as trade and politics, their relations may become smoother."
"U.S.-China Relations Back To Normal"
Independent Dong-A Ilbo held (3/25), "Even if China and Taiwan put the Straits crisis behind them and return to a workable relationship, a seed of discord for U.S.-China relations is always there--as long as Washington is committed by treaty to Taiwan's security. A more fundamental question for Washington...is how to deal with China in a broader context in this post-Cold War era. U.S. policy toward China has been based on engagement, aiming to keep China in touch with the international community. This policy, however, should not allow China to do whatever it wishes. History tells us that the 'appeasement policy' toward Hitler only brought about--World War II."
"China, Taiwan Both Beneficiaries--U.S. Gains Even More"
Joong-Ang Ilbo (3/22) said, "This episode turned out to be a strange war game bringing victories to all three parties, especially the United States. China achieved, at low cost, its goal of casting a pall over discussion about Taiwan's independence. Taiwan, another winner, successfully made the military threat an international issue despite China's claim that the island is an internal issue. "Taiwan also taught China that a military blockade...would not be as easy as China might have thought. The United States turned out to be the greatest beneficiary, grabbing a chance to show its power as the world's policeman."
THAILAND: "Taiwan--A Test For The U.S. And China"
The Bangkok Post's Thai-language sister publication Siam Post observed (3/26), "Essentially, Taiwan is being used to test the mettle of the two superpowers, the United States and China. Observers view China's test-launch of missiles and military maneuvers as a test to see whether the United States, hitherto the world cop, has abandoned its role as custodian of the Asia-Pacific.... Its...budget deficit problem will finally force it to withdraw from the region...leaving a vacuum which Asian countries, ASEAN in particular, fear might be filled by China, thus prompting them to hurriedly build up their arsenals with a vengeance, and also to include Vietnam in the (ASEAN) grouping.... The swift U.S. military response to the China-Taiwan crisis made Asian-Pacific countries feel somewhat secure, though most were well aware that the deployment of the U.S. naval forces was just for show because the American people would never approve of their engaging in real combat."
"Taiwan's Vote Should Give Beijing Pause"
The top-circulation English-language Bangkok Post (3/25) opined, "The Chinese intimidation clearly backfired.... The elected Taiwanese president now can deal with Beijing with confidence. Much remains to be done in the Taiwan-China dispute. But the Taiwanese gained a large measure of respect for their show of respect for democracy last weekend. In the future, we can only hope China will seriously consider the advantages of settling problems through the ballot box."
SOUTH ASIA
INDIA: "Beijing Might Be Wise To Try Political Reunification"
An editorial in the independent Hindustan Times (3/26) cautioned, "Beijing would be wise in attempting a reunification with Taiwan through political means.... If Washington were to sustain its military support of Taipei indefinitely, it would amount to promotion of a 'one China, one Taiwan' doctrine. The U.S. military umbrella alone could encourage the Taiwanese to nurse the dreams of independence.... The presidential election...may actually have signalled Taipei's preparation to call itself a sovereign nation."
"China's Signal: Pacific Divides Two Major Powers"
The independent Times Of India (3/26) maintained, "It would appear that the Chinese campaign of missile tests and military exercises was aimed as much at the entire Asian Pacific community of nations, particularly the United States, as it was at the people of Taiwan.... The Taiwanese elections and the crisis surrounding it are not the real issues. The signal from China is that the Pacific Ocean divides two major powers and East Asia should adjust itself to that reality."
"U.S.: Continuing Ties With China?"
Sridhar Krishnaswami wrote from San Francisco in the independent Hindu (3/26), "Having stood by Taiwan in its hour of need by dispatching two carrier groups...and in principle agreeing to supply...hardware for Taiwan's defense, the (Clinton) administration has sent a message to Congress that it was playing by the rules of the Taiwan Relations Act.... "With this part of the equation taken care of, the administration can now be expected to turn around and inform Congress of the imperatives of continuing a dialogue or so-called engagement with China....
"There is no denying that the United States and China would have to draw up a framework of cooperation. This has not only bilateral benefits but global and regional implications. America's allies in the Asia Pacific are highly uncomfortable with tensions between the two major powers. But to argue that the Clinton administration's latest foreign policy maneuvers are going to be easy sell on Capitol Hill is a bit premature."
PAKISTAN: "Taiwan's Elections"
The center-right Nation held (3/25), "Unlike Hong Kong, whose return to China's control was negotiated with a retreating British colonialism, Taiwan represents the last refuge for the Nationalist camp. The suspicion of seeking independence under the guise of 'non-diplomatic' diplomacy, with which the Chinese leadership has painted President Lee, has been the reason for China's seemingly belligerent stance on Taiwan's reaching out for enhanced relations with other countries and colored how Beijing read these elections. Although the results may have disappointed Beijing, the aftermath could contain both positive and negative elements. For one, the show of military muscle by both sides, added to by the U.S. 'gunboat diplomacy,' will hopefully subside. While it may not be realistic for Taiwan to press ahead with any open campaign for independence, it will probably seek more space for itself in the international community through the levers of economic advantage it enjoys. The question of Taiwan's eventual future will hopefully be the subject of the renewal of suspended talks between Beijing and Taipei, and not allow the clash of Chinese and U.S. interests in the Pacific region to overshadow an internal peaceful Chinese solution."
BANGLADESH: "U.S. Determined To Foster Taiwan Independence"
Anti-West Inqilab (3/25) held, "It is evident from the way the United States has sent its naval fleet to the strait of Taiwan that it is determined to keep Taiwan's independent entity.... The victory of the Nationalist Party candidate in the presidential election in Taiwan may be embarrassing for China. But all believe that China will refrain from doing anything which would undermine its image of tolerance unless it were compelled to do so. Only time will say how the China-Taiwan conflict will be resolved. But it seems the nationalists in Taiwan will get further encouragement from the election results."
"Not By Muscle-flexing"
The independent Daily Star (3/25) opined, "The importance of the election has to be conceded. Internationally it has been seen to be the first democratic and direct election in the 5,000-year history of the great Chinese people. The nations of the world are for one China. The collision course taken by China will only strengthen the Taiwanese case for independence--and influence many a nation to review...support to one China. All this could be avoided and the cause of one China furthered if Beijing would only bend it efforts to winning the heart of the Taiwanese."
NEPAL: "Dissimilar Economic Systems"
The independent Himalaya Times said (3/23), "Taiwan has not officially declared itself separate from China as yet, but (the Taiwanese) have made it clear that they cannot meet the Chinese demand for reunification due to dissimilarities in economic systems.... "Because of the war exercises intended to disrupt the Taiwanese election, the number of anti-China voters is increasing.... Even though the election is not a referendum for or against separation from China, it would not be too much to interpret the election result as one."
EUROPE
GERMANY: "Loser In Taiwan Elections: China"
Centrist Stuttgarter Zeitung commented editorially (3/26), "The clear loser of the elections is the Communist leadership in Beijing. It had raised...its voice against Lee Teng-hui, although nobody asked it to do so. The voters in Taiwan created a double loss of face for the dictators in Beijing. On the one hand, the high voter turnout shows that, despite the threatening gestures, the Taiwanese want to continue their path to democracy. On the other hand, the broad support for President Lee Teng-hui is a commitment to Taiwan's own way....
"The...Chinese on the mainland suffer from the suppression of a corrupt Communist regime. For this reason, the significance of these elections should not be underestimated. Taiwan's residents are ethnic Chinese who have opted for a path that is free of tutelage and dictatorship. This presidential election will be an honor for all Chinese, once the sound of guns has disappeared from the mainland."
"Proud And Vulnerable Taiwan"
Petra Kolonko held in right-of-center Frankfurter Allgemeine (3/25), "This showdown...did not concentrate on democracy in Taiwan, as the United States and Taiwan thought.... The Chinese government wanted to emphasize its hegemony in the region and its role toward the United States.... The conflict about Taiwan could signal the beginning of a much graver conflict about hegemony in the Pacific Basin as a whole. With the example of Taiwan, a strengthened China demonstrated to the U.S. superpower that, as of now, it has to count on a policy of challenges in the region. China does not want, as its foreign minister said, to tolerate a U.S. protectorate at its front door."
"Beijing Figured Wrong"
Kai Strittmatter judged in centrist Sueddeutsche Zeitung of Munich (3/25), "Taiwan can be grateful to China. With its belligerent rhetoric, the Beijing government has attracted the attention of the international community to the small island in the Pacific. The possibly most important result of all the fuss that affected Taiwan is: The Taiwanese removed the stupid myth that the Asians in general and the Chinese in particular do not like democracy and human rights.... The Beijing government figured wrong....
"What will now happen in Chinese-Taiwanese relations?... If Lee interprets his re-election as a mission to continue his previous policy without narrowing his views with the government in Beijing, further tensions are guaranteed. In a first reaction, China already made clear that it does not matter whether or not Taiwan's leaders are democratically elected.... It is an irony, but with its latest gunboat diplomacy, China has achieved those things President Lee fought for in the past years: the 'internationalization' of the Taiwan conflict.... Whatever will happen with the island republic, all democrats should see to it that all Taiwanese have a chance to voice their opinion about this." "Taiwan Chinese Love Democracy"
Henrik Bork argued in left-of-center Frankfurter Rundschau and in centrist Koelner Stadt-Anzeiger (3/22) , "We must almost be grateful to the generals and political blockheads who are currently at the helm in Beijing. They could not have chosen a better time to open again the eyes of the world to an uncomfortable truth...that China's military dictatorship is a danger for Asia as a whole. This was well known after the Tiananmen massacre, but disappeared too quickly for reasons of economic opportunism. The policy of the West, including Germany policy, must be discussed again. The government in Beijing is increasingly less willing to accept internationally recognized norms of politics. This should not and will not remain without consequences....
"We must show a military dictatorship, which is increasingly aggressive in its foreign policy, its limits. Anything else would be irresponsible.... The only thing that belongs to the garbage heap of history is the comfortable wrong view that, first, the Chinese do not want democracy and, second, that they do not know how to deal with it. The important message from Taiwan is: The Chinese love democracy."
BRITAIN: "A Lesson For The Chinese"
According to London's independent Financial Times (3/26), "China's threats against Taiwan have been roundly rebuffed in the most effective and, to Beijing, dangerous way--an election. But mainland China's policy has been a gigantic mistake. Instead of threatening Taiwan, China's overwhelming interest is in learning from it. It has much to learn, for Taiwan has an outstanding claim to being the most successful of all economies over the past 45 years.... Why should the Taiwanese want to unite with a backward, dictatorial behemoth, even if they consider themselves Chinese?... China must take account of the losses it would suffer if it tried to seize Taiwan. It would fail economically and politically even if it succeeded militarily....
"If an invasion were followed by imposition of the regime Beijing runs, China would inherit ashes.... An invasion, with all that would indicate for the balance of power in Beijing and relations with the rest of the world, would gravely threaten China's hopes for rapid development. Significantly slower growth could even undermine the stability of China's ideologically bankrupt Communist regime. A Chinese invasion would, in short, be worse than a crime. It would be a massive blunder."
"The Democratic Chinese"
The conservative Daily Telegraph contended (3/25), "Despite Beijing's missile tests and contemptuous references to Taiwan's democracy, the electorate showed that it wanted to keep its distance from the impudent, adventurist neighbor on the mainland.
"The Chinese will try to portray the result as a rash act of defiance by a rebel province. It is no such thing. Taiwan is a political entity quite distinct from the mainland, and the admirable exercise which it conducted at the weekend is the culmination of a gradual process of political liberalization.... Taiwan's democracy, which has drawn on the electoral practices of Japan and the United States, is not perfect. Nonetheless, it has taken root and can unambiguously be said to express the popular will. "Taiwan's successful transformation into a democracy is particularly galling to the Communists in Beijing--whose own adherence to the doctrines of Lenin and Mao Tse-tung was yesterday exemplified by the reaffirmation of the disbandment of Hong Kong's legislative council next year. In defending Taiwan against China's fury, the outside world must, above all, stand up more strongly still for the right of people to determine their own fate. That principle is enshrined in numerous conventions to which members of the UN have subscribed."
"Martial Make-Believe"
The liberal Guardian (3/25) opined, "As China's rage subsides and the possibility of war by miscalculation recedes, the whole affair begins to look more like a martial display on the Chinese opera stage where no one actually hits anyone else--unless we were just lucky....
"The Chinese must surely realize that they are better off with Mr. Lee straddling the divide between the outright pro and anti independence forces in Taiwan, than with a straight contest between the two. So was Beijing's ratcheting of tension against Mr. Lee a subtle plan to stampede the pro-independence forces into his camp? Or was it a crude miscalculation by diehard military conservatives, leaning upon the weak transitional leadership of President Jiang Zemin? If it was a deliberate plot, it only worked at the price of severely damaging China's international reputation and producing a face-losing result. If it was an error, then Mr. Jiang may have allowed it to go ahead in the calculation that his hardline opponents must now take the blame....
"The real world of trade and investment, which no one would lightly forfeit, will now reassert itself across the Straits. But the problem for both sides remains how to handle the make-believe."
FRANCE: "Only The U.S. Dared Draw A Red Line"
Influential Liberation (3/24-25) held, "Supporters of Greater China cannot tolerate this move. This is why their campaign in support of reunification will not end after the election. All the more so since Beijing's intimidation maneuvers have not yet triggered big protests in Europe nor in Asia. Only the United States dared to draw a red line addressed to China, because it never misses an opportunity to remind (the world) of its imperialistic desires."
"Washington's Carefully Measured Gunboat Policy"
Conservative Le Figaro's Washington correspondent Stephane Marchand said (3/22), "Stingers for Taiwan, but no submarines. By publishing the downsized list of weapons which it will sell to Taiwan this year, the Clinton administration wanted to calm China. The United States cares about Taiwan's security, but will not help Taipei increase its offensive capabilities. Since the beginning of the Chinese military maneuvers in the Taiwan Strait, Washington has been practicing military and diplomatic acrobatics.... Washington is reacting to Beijing's military gesturing with a carefully measured gunboat policy."
"Economic Progress Leads To Political Freedom"
RTL radio's Nicolas Beytout (3/25) commented, "The election of the first Taiwanese president is obviously a breakthrough in the world. It is also a victory for economics. This election shows that economic progress inexorably leads to political freedom." "There Will Be A Compromise"
Charles Lambroschini held in Le Figaro (3/23-24), "The Taiwanese are not very eager to return to the Communist bosom. Beijing's intimidation maneuvers did nothing but strengthen the mistrust of voters who want to preserve their new liberties. However, the Taiwanese are wise enough to not claim their independence: The Chinese military maneuvers have shown that the island's wealth could not survive a blockade. A compromise is inevitable. It will be up to President Lee to make the first step, just because Taiwan is weaker (than China)."
ITALY: "Much Ado About Nothing?"
An unsigned short commentary in left-leaning influential La Repubblica (3/25): "Much ado about nothing? Keeping the world in suspense over the biggest military exercises in the Pacific since WWII, forcing the United States to mobilize its powerful fleet and then declaring that everything went well.... In Taiwan...today the democratically elected leaders seem flattered by the motherland's benevolence.... A fraternal exhortation to re-create, at last, the Great China: prosperous, free, powerful and hopefully also democratic.... The West was offered this display...and perhaps Clinton was also offered a card he can play in his electoral campaign. But the Chinese discuss these essential issues among themselves and, evidently, are ready to make a big fuss knowing it means nothing, or at least nothing that is anyone else's business."
"The Taiwan Example"
La Repubblica (3/24) said, "The elections in Taiwan...have openly demolished one of the biggest lies used by totalitarian and authoritarian regimes, i.e. that Eastern people are 'not fit' for democracy and self-rule. The democracy which has established itself in Taiwan over the last decade, in Chinese territory and by the will of Chinese people, with an astonishingly rapid process, comparable to that which has led the island to economic prosperity in a short time, puts the lie to such statements, showing the falsity of the debate which juxtaposes 'Asian values' and 'Western values.'... We still don't know whether China-Taiwan dealings will be a dialogue or a brawl. What is certain, now more than before, given that Beijing has failed to achieve its goals, is that Taiwan needs all the support of those who believe that democracy can be a value which unites East and West."
"Everything Becomes Easier Now"
Alessandro Corneli argued in financial Il Sole-24 Ore (3/24), "The strategy adopted by Beijing enabled Bill Clinton to give a demonstration of force without, in reality, running any risks. The agitation caused by Chinese exercises and statements has exalted America's role as mediating and balancing power.... The U.S. show of strength in favor of a country which, by adopting a free-market economy, had spontaneously moved from an authoritarian regime to a democratic regime, was obligatory and positive in terms of image. An attitude of pulling back would have certainly added to the tension. On the whole, the Taiwan case can be seen as an anticipation of possible future world equilibriums, with China wishing to become a full superpower, but with a continental placement which does not allow it to focus on a maritime role; and the United States, which is learning fast to move in a role which sees it involved in one or another area of the world, but never excluded." RUSSIA: "U.S. Flag In Taiwan Strait Shows Who's Who In Asia"
Alexander Chudodeyev commented in reformist Segodnya (3/23), "Many observers are of the opinion that Beijing has lost more than it has gained.... For one thing, it failed to seriously scare the islanders or thwart the presidential election. Even worse, the number of advocates of 'reunification with the motherland' has dwindled sharply by now. The stars and stripes atop the 'Independence' in the Taiwan Strait clearly show who is who in that region, in general, and in Taiwan, in particular.
"Washington has of late been concerned over attempts by China, Taiwan, Singapore and Hong Kong to form a kind of 'economic axis.'... By starting the war games in the Taiwan Strait, Beijing has, in effect, put paid to that dream.... Taiwan has used its chance by choosing a new president...freedom and democracy. Beijing must finally understand that and take a sober look at reality, if the long-standing crisis in the Taiwan Strait is to be resolved."
BELGIUM: "Time To Cool Off"
Foreign affairs writer Freddy de Pauw remarked in independent Catholic De Standaard (3/25), "China did not score an electoral success but that does not mean that Beijing's maneuvers were futile. The prime message was that this was mainly 'an internal affair among Chinese.'... Even if the tension between Taipei and Beijing were to fade...in the coming weeks or months, it will have turned the area more interesting for arms dealers."
"Taiwan: The Slap In Beijing's Face"
Eric Meyer observed in independent Le Soir (3/25), "Taiwan wakes up with a united front and a president, with a strong majority and strong powers--greater than those of a French president.... But Lee Ten-hui has a 'herculean task' before him: to resume the dialogue with Beijing.... Taiwan now has three trumps in its hand against Beijing--American support, including military, if the situation were to take a bad turn; the re-establishment of direct maritime and air communications (at Beijing's request); and the massive mandate received by the president from the population."
"Sole Superpower Proved Again"
Philippe Martin held in Catholic Vers l'Avenir (3/25), "While the last few weeks offered the opportunity to assess Beijing's unchanged will to recoup Taiwan, they also clarified everyone's position as well as the existing balance of power in the region. In passing, it provided United States with the opportunity to demonstrate that it wants to remain an actor in Asia and that it is the world's only policeman."
CANADA: "Shadow Show"
Frederic Wagniere commented in French-language La Presse (3/26), "The government of Beijing tried to intimidate the Taiwanese, and the Americans, to show it controlled the destiny of the island. The threats were a shadow show that demonstrated no real desire to risk a major war to force reunification.... Reunification is not for the near future; the people of Taiwan are not going to let go of their newly acquired democracy, and Beijing is not likely to offer democratic structures.... The people of Taiwan were inspired in choosing a government that seeks to solve the practical problems of both Chinas, rather than to declaim as they like to do in Beijing." THE NETHERLANDS: "Slap For Beijing"
Influential, liberal-left De Volkskrant (3/25) held, "The political leaders in Beijing tried to intimidate the Taiwanese and undermine Lee's position. But the goal of this...intimidation was not achieved, on the contrary. This is largely thanks to the moral support from the United States for Taiwan. U.S. policy toward China has been irresolute in past years.... Beijing probably speculated that Washington would not interfere.... However...the Clinton administration responded quietly and with determination.... The United States sent war ships to the strait of Taiwan to enforce its involvement. At the same time Washington made clear that it favors a peaceful settlement between Taipei and Beijing."
SPAIN: "Votes Win Over Guns"
Conservative ABC (3/25) held, "Taiwan has given the world a lesson.... A moral man with authority and representing almost 22 million inhabitants confronts Beijing. The dialogue between Beijing and Taipei is bound to open at a time when warlike nationalism grows in the political heart of China."
"Victory For Lee Means Defeat For Beijing"
Liberal El Pais (3/25) opined, "Unfortunately, Beijing does not understand that the best way to reunify China is to follow Taiwan's example: democratize institutions and at the same time, liberalize the economy. What Beijing learned yesterday is that threats are not enough to destroy Taiwan's democracy.... Beijing would have to invade."
SWEDEN: "China's First Popularly Elected Leader"
Liberal Dagens Nyheter (3/24) stated, "Beijing has failed, although its threat (against Taiwan) remains. This serious crisis has not been solved even though the big power's infamous policy of blackmail was a complete failure.... A democratic government has for the first time in China's 5,000-year history come forward. Lee Teng-hui should be given credit for at last having exposed his rule to the scrutiny of the citizens.... By disgracing itself and using saber rattling policies against the Taiwanese, China inspired many voters... (to) select the incumbent."
MIDDLE EAST
ISRAEL: "Two Chinas"
Independent Maariv (3/25) editorialized, "Tension...might have developed into a military conflict had Washington not told Beijing that it would intervene in favor of Taipei.... Tension between Beijing and Taipei may some day spark off a war that could rock the entire Asian continent."
"A Lesson For China"
The right-wing Jerusalem Post (3/25) opined, "China's attempted harassment of the election with a petulant show of brute force in the Taiwan Strait has left Beijing looking silly by any measure.... Taiwanese President Lee has not only shown righteous contempt for the power of the Communist gun, but he had also shuffled off the legacy of the island's nationalist dictators, remodeling both himself and his country and giving a democratic lesson to much of the rest of Asia--not least to the irritable mandarins of the motherland.... Lee has abandoned the nationalist ideal of reconquering the mainland by force. But it would not be surprising if the democratic lessons being given to the mainland by Taiwan and Hong Kong reconquer the hearts of those mainland Chinese democrats who were so brutally crushed in Tiananmen Square." EGYPT: "Trade Will Survive"
Hesham Fouad wrote in pan-Arabic, socialist weekly Al Arabi (3/25), "The dispute between the Chinese dragon and the American cowboy over Taiwan has reached its peak.... This dispute is actually...international competition between the two countries.... Taiwan combines the interests of both giants.... Aside from being economically important to China, the issue is connected to Chinese national pride.... Taiwan has also become an element in the Amerian elections campaign.... Most probably trade interests between China and the United States...will make the economic lobbies in both countries move to prevent deterioration of the situation."
LATIN AMERICA AND CARIBBEAN
BOLIVIA: "The Crisis For Taiwan And The United States"
La Paz's left-leaning Hoy opined (3/23), "The world is now closely observing the development of events, and fears that the outcome will be a war in which Chinese military supremacy over Taiwan would prove crushing."
BRAZIL: "The Calm In The Taiwan Strait"
Center-right O Estado de Sao Paulo opined (3/26), "The crisis in the Taiwan Strait has had the (normal) outcome of any artificial crisis: It ended when all involved decided they were satisfied.... The United States, also in an electoral year, could demonstrate its willingness to maintain its influence over Eastern Asia.... With the crisis over, the chronic...problem remains intact. China will not back away from reincorporating the island with its attractive economy, just as Taiwan will not accept being absorbed by the giant nation without any mechanism to control its own destiny. The price demanded by Taiwan for integrating itself with China is too high for Beijing, i.e., democratization.... China definitively will not democratize itself just to win Taiwan back."
CHILE: "Beijing Achieved Its Objectives"
Financial El Diario (3/26) held, "It is clear that Beijing achieved its objectives, which is why...it has moderated its tone. It's evident that for those who advocated them, the military exercises had a powerful effect. It is worth remembering that during the...campaign...Lee had to state repeatedly that he would pursue reunification with China, that he was not going to seek independence for Taiwan and that after winning the election he would try to improve relations across the straits."
"A Serious Problem"
Karin Ebensperger worried on the prime-time newcast of ratings leader Catholic University of Chile (Ch. 13) television (3/22), "It is important to note that China is an enormous nuclear power. China isn't Iraq, Cuba or Yugoslavia. The problem is at another level."
URUGUAY: "U.S. Irritates China Again"
Top-selling conservative El Pais (3/22) held, "It's not easy to calm China's irritation with the United States and its wish to continue in the area's leading role.... It's evident that Washington doesn't take China's bellicosity very seriously.... With this naval action China not only wanted to disturb elections in Taiwan but to dissimulate the battle for power among the most important leaders of Beijing."
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Product Name: Foreign Media Reaction
Product Code: FM
Keywords: CHINA-US RELATIONS; MILITARY EXERCISES; CHINA-TAIWAN RELATIONS; NEWS MEDIA COMMENTARY; TAIWAN-US RELATIONS
Document Type: EXC; RPT
Thematic Codes: 1EA
Target Areas: AF; AR; EA; EU; NE
PDQ Text Link: 432520
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