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DATE=        JANUARY 22, 1999
TYPE=        EDITORIAL
NUMBER=      0-08158
TITLE=       EDITORIAL:  RUSSIAN INSTITUTES SANCTIONED
CONTENT=THIS IS THE FIRST OF THREE EDITORIALS BEING RELEASED FOR 
BROADCAST JANUARY 22, 1999.
ANNCR:
THE VOICE OF AMERICA PRESENTS DIFFERING POINTS OF VIEW ON A WIDE 
VARIETY OF ISSUES.  NEXT, AN EDITORIAL EXPRESSING THE POLICIES OF
THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT.
VOICE:
    THIS MONTH, THE UNITED STATES IMPOSED TRADE MEASURES AGAINST 
THREE RUSSIAN ENTITIES:  THE SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DESIGN 
INSTITUTE OF POWER TECHNOLOGY, KNOWN AS NIKIET; THE MENDELEYEV 
UNIVERSITY OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY; AND THE MOSCOW AVIATION 
INSTITUTE.  NIKIET AND MENDELEYEV UNIVERSITY WERE FOUND TO HAVE 
MADE MATERIAL CONTRIBUTIONS TO IRAN'S NUCLEAR WEAPONS PROGRAM.  
THE MOSCOW AVIATION INSTITUTE WAS FOUND TO HAVE MADE MATERIAL 
CONTRIBUTIONS TO IRAN'S MISSILE PROGRAM.
    UNDER THE TRADE MEASURES, ALL U.S. EXPORTS TO THE THREE 
RUSSIAN ENTITIES ARE BANNED.  SO ARE ALL IMPORTS FROM THE THREE 
RUSSIAN ENTITIES TO THE U.S.  IN ADDITION, U.S. GOVERNMENT 
PROCUREMENT FROM AND ASSISTANCE TO THE THREE RUSSIAN ENTITIES ARE
BANNED.
    THE MEASURES AGAINST NIKIET, MENDELEYEV UNIVERSITY AND THE 
MOSCOW AVIATION INSTITUTE FOLLOW SIMILAR MEASURES IMPOSED LAST 
JULY AGAINST SEVEN OTHER RUSSIAN ENTITIES.  BUT AS WHITE HOUSE 
NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISER SAMUEL BERGER SAID, "THE MOST EFFECTIVE
SHIELD AGAINST PROLIFERATION FROM RUSSIA IS NOT U.S. PENALTIES, 
BUT A RUSSIAN EXPORT CONTROL SYSTEM THAT IS DESIGNED TO WORK, AND
DOES SO."
    AT THEIR MOSCOW SUMMIT LAST YEAR, PRESIDENT BILL CLINTON AND 
RUSSIAN PRESIDENT BORIS YELTSIN AGREED TO CREATE SEVEN 
EXPORT-CONTROL WORKING GROUPS.  THE PURPOSE WAS TO ENABLE THE 
U.S. AND RUSSIA TO WORK TOGETHER TO STOP THE FLOW OF SENSITIVE 
TECHNOLOGY AND EQUIPMENT.  THE INTERNATIONAL SCIENCE AND 
TECHNOLOGY CENTER IN MOSCOW AND OTHER PROGRAMS ARE INTENDED TO 
HELP THOUSANDS OF WEAPONS SCIENTISTS APPLY THEIR SKILLS TO 
CIVILIAN PURPOSES.  THE NUCLEAR CITIES INITIATIVE IS DESIGNED TO 
HELP RUSSIA CONVERT NUCLEAR WEAPONS PRODUCTION FACILITIES TO 
PEACEFUL USES.
    THESE INITIATIVES SERVE THE INTERESTS OF BOTH THE U.S. AND 
RUSSIA.  BUT AS WHITE HOUSE NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISER BERGER MADE
CLEAR, THE U.S. TAKES VERY SERIOUSLY THE DANGERS POSED BY THE 
SPREAD OF SOPHISTICATED WEAPONS TECHNOLOGY.  WHEN NECESSARY, THE 
U.S. WILL IMPOSE SANCTIONS ON RUSSIAN OR OTHER ENTITIES THAT 
"VIOLATE INTERNATIONAL NON-PROLIFERATION STANDARDS.  AND WE WILL 
USE THIS AUTHORITY TO PROTECT OUR SECURITY."
ANNCR:
    THAT WAS AN EDITORIAL EXPRESSING THE POLICIES OF THE U.S. 
GOVERNMENT.  IF YOU HAVE A COMMENT, PLEASE WRITE TO EDITORIALS, 
V-O-A, WASHINGTON, D-C, 20547, U-S-A.  YOU MAY ALSO COMMENT AT 
WWW-DOT-VOA-DOT-GOV-SLASH-EDITORIALS, OR  FAX US AT (202) 
619-1043.
21-Jan-99 2:43 PM EST (1943 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
.