cia_65282_65282_01.txt

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Subject: IRAQI CHEMICAL WARFARE MANUFACTURING
Not Finally Evaluated Intelligence
TO FACILITATE ELECTRONIC ACCESS, THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN
REFORMATTED TO ELIMINATE INFORMATION THAT DOES NOT PERTAIN
TO GULF WAR ILLNESS ISSUES OR THAT IS CLASSIFIED. A COPY OF
THIS REDACTED DOCUMENT, IN ORIGINAL FORMAT, IS AVAILABLE ON
REQUEST.
CIA 482761
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
WARNING: INFORMATION REPORT, NOT FINALLY EVALUATED INTELLIGENCE.
COUNTRY: IRAQ
SUBJ:  CHEMICAL WARFARE MANUFACTURING FACILITY NEAR SAMARRA
DOI:  1983          1990
2. AN IRAQI CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING FACILITY IS LOCATED
APPROXIMATELY 25-30 KILOMETERS (KMS) NORTH OF SAMARRA CITY ON A TWO-
LANE ROAD BUILT ESPECIALLY FOR THE PROJECT.
8. THERE HAS BEEN RAPID DEVELOPMENT OF THE IRAQI CHEMICAL
WEAPONS INDUSTRY. IT INITIALLY DEPENDED ON IMPORTS OF AGRICULTURAL
AND HOUSEHOLD PESTICIDES. THERE WERE, HOWEVER, DEFICIENCIES IN THE
PROCESS. THROUGH JUNE 1990, THE SEALS USED BY THE PLANT IN CW ROUNDS
TENDED TO SPRING LEAKS VERY QUICKLY AND COULD NOT BE RELIED UPON FOR
LONG-TERM STORAGE. EVEN MILDLY MISHANDLED OR DROPPED ROUNDS BEGAN
LEAKING RIGHT AWAY. CONSEQUENTLY, CW STOCKS WERE STORED IN SMALL
QUANTITIES AND KEPT AST A LEVEL ONLY SUFFICIENT TO MEET ROUTINELY
SMALL DEMAND (AS OF LATE 1990). FREQUENTLY, STOCKS OF FINISHED CW
ROUNDS WERE SENT TO SPECIAL OFFICES OF THE MUKHABARAT, LOCATED
OUTSIDE THE PROJECT SITE. REGARDLESSS OF SARETY, FOR SECURITY
REASONS, THE PLANT USUALLY DOES NOT PUT ANY SIGNS OR COLORS ON THE CW
ROUNDS.
9. SPECIFIC CHEMICAL WEAPONS PRODUCED AT THIS FACILITY FOR
MILITARY APPLICATION INCLUDE:
A. DICHLORODIETHYL SULFIDE, YELLOW MEARK, LARGE-SCALE
PRODUCTION.
B. LEWISITE: ETHYLENE AND ARSENIC TRICHLORIDE WITH
ALUMINUM AS A CATALYST
C. ARSENIC METHYL DIFLUORIDE: ASPHIXIATING GAS--IDEAL FOR
ARTILLERY SHELLS
D. PHOSGENE: LARGE-SCALE PRODUCTION; EFFECTIVE FOR
ARTILLERY AND LEAVES NO TRACES
E. DIPHOSGENE: CHOLOROPHYLL AND ARSENIC CHLORIDE
F. TRIPHOSGENE: A MODIFIED MUSTARD GAS DESIGNED FOR
ARTILLERY. ALTHOUGH IT IS SLOW IN CHANGING FROM A LIQUID TO A GAS,
IT IS MORE EFFECTIVE THAN GASES THAT CHANGE MORE QUICKLY
G. CHLOROPICRIN
H. TEARGAS: PRODUCED FOR EMERGENCY BATTALIONS/PUBLIC
SECURITY DIRECTOR FOR CROWD CONTROL
1. CHLOROACETOPHENONE: CHLOR AND ACETOPHENONE OR CHLOR
ESTEL CHLORIDE AND BENZAL AND ALUMINUM CHLORIDE, SP 3.
END OF MESSAGE
1.5(c)
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