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Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD)

Washington File

27 May 2003

Vieira de Mello Named to Head U.N. Operations in Iraq

(Says establishment of human rights a priority) (900)
Judy Aita
Washington File United Nations Correspondent
United Nations -- Introducing U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights
Sergio Vieira de Mello as the head of U.N. operations in Iraq,
Secretary General Kofi Annan said May 27 that United Nations
responsibilities "are going to demand a lot from us and from the
international community."
The secretary general said that the decision to name the sitting high
commissioner as his special representative in Iraq was a difficult
one, particularly with the high priority he places on human rights.
But the choice "reflects the important challenge that we need to take
on," he said.
"Last week the Security Council came together in resolution 1483 to
chart the way forward for post-conflict Iraq," Annan said. "The
council has called on the United Nations to assist the Iraqi people in
coordination with the (coalition) authority in a wide range of areas,
including humanitarian relief, reconstruction, infrastructure
rehabilitation, legal and judicial reforms, human rights and return of
refugees, and also to assist with civilian police."
Appearing at a press conference with the secretary general, Vieira de
Mello said, "the people of Iraq, as we know only too well, have
suffered and have suffered enough. It is time that we all -- the
Iraqis first, the coalition authority, and the United Nations -- come
together to ensure that this suffering comes to an end and the Iraqi
people take their destiny into their own hands, as the Security
Council resolution calls for, as quickly as possible. We must not
fail."
"It will not come to you as a surprise ... that I consider the
development of a culture of human rights in Iraq as fundamental to
stability and true peace in that country," he said. "Respect for human
rights is the only solid foundation for durable peace and for
development. I shall place particular importance ... on the need to
insure women's rights and their full participation in the consultative
process -- at least the political one."
Vieira de Mello said he expects to arrive in Baghdad June 2 and "hit
the ground running" with a "relatively small team" to augment the
already sizeable U.N. humanitarian presence in the country. His team
will be reinforced in successive waves, but the U.N. has not
determined as yet how large the special representative's office will
need to be.
A former Brazilian diplomat, Vieira de Mello has worked with the
United Nations for over 30 years. Before becoming High Commissioner
for Human Rights in 2002, he was the U.N. transitional administrator
in East Timor, guiding that former territory to independence. He was
also special representative in Kosovo for an initial period of two
months and was the coordinator of humanitarian operations at U.N.
headquarters. He also has field experience in Bangladesh, Sudan,
Cyprus, Mozambique, Peru and Lebanon.
Vieira de Mello's appointment is for four months. The secretary
general then will name a successor.
The new U.N. special envoy said that his first priority will be to
establish contacts with Iraqi leaders, representatives of the media,
and civil society. "Iraqi society is rich and that richness has been
suppressed brutally for the last 24 years. But they are there or are
returning and they are my priority," Vieira de Mello said.
The second priority will be to establish "a good working relationship
with the coalition authority," he said. The third priority will be to
visit all the provinces because "Iraq is not limited to Baghdad and it
is important I pay attention to what Iraqis in all 18 provinces
actually feel and aspire to in terms of their future."
Another priority is law and order, Vieira de Mello said. "Security has
not been completely restored and it is impossible to deal with the
rest and to build what we want to build -- democratic institutions and
a real culture of human rights and political processes ... without
security," he said.
The secretary general pointed out that resolution 1483 gave the United
Nations a broad mandate and provided a "unique situation" for the
world organization. For the first time the United Nations is working
side-by-side, on the ground with an occupying power to help the
population in the country.
"There are certain things that we will have to work out on the
ground," Annan said. "We have to define and work out our relationship
with the coalition authority or occupying power and also our
relationship with occupied Iraq."
"Some activities are very clear," the secretary general said. "The
humanitarian mandate is very clear: we have direct responsibility for
it ... In other areas we have to work in partnership with the
coalition and Iraqi civil society. These relationships have to be
worked out on the ground, not here."
Annan acknowledged the deep divisions in the Security Council before
the war, but he said that with the new resolution "the council has
given us a solid and legal basis for our operations in Iraq and at
this stage all the council members are focused on what they can do to
help Iraq and the Iraqi people. That should be our focus and our
emphasis."
"If we pursue our action on that basis, we will be able to make a
difference," the secretary general said.
(The Washington File is a product of the Bureau of International
Information Programs, U.S. Department of State. Web site:
http://usinfo.state.gov)



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