DATE= 11/4/97 TYPE=BACKGROUND REPORT NUMBER=5-37983 TITLE=U-S POLICY COLLISION IN THE GULF BYLINE= ED WARNER DATELINE= WASHINGTON CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: U-S POLICY FACES A DILEMMA -- THE WORLD NEEDS AND INCREASING AMOUNT OF OIL, YET THE UNITED STATES SUPPORTS SANCTIONS AGAINST IRAN AND IRAQ THAT PREVENTS THOSE COUNTRIES FROM EXPORTING AS MUCH OIL AS THEY COULD. V-O-A'S ED WARNER REPORTS TWO ANALYSTS HAVE SUGGESTED A COMPROMISE SOLUTION. TEXT: RICHARD FAIRBANKS AND ANTHONY CORDESMAN OF THE CENTER FOR STRATEGIC AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES IN WASHINGTON SAY THE UNITED STATES CANNOT HAVE IT BOTH WAYS. WRITING IN "THE WASHINGTON TIMES," THE TWO FORMER U-S GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS SAY THE UNITED STATES HAS IMPOSED SEVERE ECONOMIC SANCTIONS ON BOTH IRAN AND IRAQ AS PART OF THE POLICY OF DUAL CONTAINMENT. AT THE SAME TIME, U-S ENERGY AGENCIES ARE COUNTING ON OIL FROM THE TWO COUNTRIES TO HELP MEET FAST GROWING WORLD DEMAND, ESPECIALLY FROM ASIA. TO PREVENT WHAT THEY CALL A POLICY COLLISION, THE AUTHORS SUPPORT A CONTINUED U-S MILITARY PRESENCE IN THE PERSIAN GULF TO COUNTER ANY AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR BY EITHER COUNTRY. BUT THEY RECOMMEND A "TARGETED INVESTMENT" IN IRAN AND IRAQ. THAT WOULD BE CONFINED TO OIL AND GAS PROJECTS AND WOULD BE STRICLY SUPERVISED. THEY SAY SUCH A COURSE WOULD APPEAL TO NOW DISGRUNTLED U-S ALLIES WHO WANT TO TRADE WITH IRAN, AND WOULD RECONCILE AMERICAN SECURITY AND ENERGY INTERESTS. GREGORY GAUSE, A PROFESSOR OF POLITICAL SCIENCE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT WHO WRITES EXTENSIVELY ON THE GULF, SAYS THE RECOMMENDATION MAKES SENSE IN THE CASE OF IRAN: // GAUSE ACT // OUR ECONOMIC SANCTIONS AGAINST IRAN ARE TARGETED AT SPECIFIC POLICIES THE IRANIAN GOVERNMENT IS PURSUING REGARDING THE MIDDLE EAST PEACE PROCESS, PERHAPS REGARDING WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION. BUT IN TERMS OF BEING A RESPONSIBLE PLAYER IN THE INTERNATIONAL OIL MARKETS, I DO NOT THINK WE HAVE ANY PROBLEMS WITH IRAN. AND INVESTING IN IRAN SEEMS TO ME TO BE A CREDIBLE WAY OF MAKING SURE THERE IS GOING TO BE OIL DOWN THE LINE. // END ACT // PROFESSOR GAUSE THINKS U-S INVESTMENT IN IRAQ MUST AWAIT THE DEPARTURE OF SADDAM HUSSEIN. IAN LESSER, A SENIOR ANALYST AT RAND IN CALIFORNIA, MAKES A SIMILAR DISTINCTION: // LESSER ACT // IRAN IS A SERIOUS REGIONAL ACTOR THAT NEEDS TO BE TAKEN SERIOUSLY OVER THE LONGER TERM, EVEN IF THEIR BEHAVIOR IN MANY WAYS IS UNACCEPTABLE TO US. THE SITUATION IN IRAQ IS VERY DIFFERENT. WE ARE DEALING WITH THE MANAGEMENT OF A RELATIONSHIP WITH A DEFEATED COUNTRY IN THE WAKE OF A WAR, IN WHICH THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY THROUGH THE UNITED NATIONS IMPOSED CERTAIN CONDITIONS TO WHICH THE IRAQIS ADHERE TO ONLY SPORADICALLY. // END ACT // MR. LESSER SAYS THE UNITED STATES SHOULD PERMIT INVESTMENT IN IRAN AND IRAQ ONLY IF IT RECEIVES SOMETHING IN RETURN; THAT IS, STOPPING SUPPORT OF TERRORISM AND ACQUISITION OF WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION. PROFESSOR GAUSE AGREES WITH THE AUTHORS THAT THE SANCTIONS IMPOVERISHING IRAQ ARE TURNING ITS PEOPLE AGAINST THE WEST, NOT AGAINST SADDAM HUSSEIN: // GAUSE ACT // THIS IS A RESPONSIBILITY WE AND THE COUNTRIES OF THE REGION HAVE TO TAKE ON MUCH MORE PUBLICLY AND BE SEEN TO TAKE ON MUCH MORE PUBLICLY, SO IN A POST-SADDAM ENVIRONMENT THE WHOLE IRAQI PEOPLE DO NOT FEEL THEY HAVE BEEN SINGLED OUT AS ENEMIES BY THE UNITED STATES OR BY THE REGION. BUT IT HAS TO BE DONE IN A WAY THAT DOES NOT GIVE THE REGIME MORE RESOURCES TO BUILD UP ITS OWN CONVENTIONAL AND NON-CONVENTIONAL WEAPONS AND NOT MAKE MISCHIEF. // END ACT // WHILE DIFFERING IN CERTAIN RESPECTS, THE AUTHORS OF THE COMMENTARY AND ITS TWO CRITICS AGREE SOME CHANGE IS NECESSARY IN U-S POLICY TOWARD THE PERSIAN GULF. (SIGNED) NEB/EW/MMK 04-Nov-97 3:47 PM EST (2047 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America .
NEWSLETTER
|
Join the GlobalSecurity.org mailing list |
|
|