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Iran Rolls Back Nuclear Commitments After U.S. Kills Top General

By RFE/RL January 05, 2020

Iran says it will no longer abide by any of the restrictions set down in the 2015 nuclear deal with world powers, amid mounting tensions with the United States.

The government announced Iran's fifth step back from the accord in a statement cited by official media on January 5, saying the country will forego the "limit on the number of centrifuges" used to enrich uranium.

Iran would no longer observe limitations on the level of enrichment, the amount of stockpiled enriched material, or research and development in its nuclear activities, the statement also said.

It did not elaborate on what levels it would immediately reach in its program.

The announcement comes two days after a U.S. air strike killed Iran's top military commander, Qasem Soleimani, in neighboring Iraq -- further escalating tensions in the region.

Tehran and Washington have been at loggerheads since the United States last year withdrew from the 2015 nuclear accord that offered Iran sanctions relief in exchange for curbs on its nuclear program.

Washington has since reimposed crippling sanctions on the Iranian economy, while Tehran has gradually reduced some of its commitments under the deal.

The statement by President Hassan Rohani's administration said the steps could be reversed if the United States lifted its sanctions on Tehran, and that Iran will continue to cooperate with the UN nuclear watchdog, the Vienna-based International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).

It did not say Iran was withdrawing from the agreement and didn't back off of earlier promises that it wouldn't seek a nuclear weapon.

Under the 2015 pact, Tehran agreed to limit its sensitive nuclear activities and allow in IAEA inspectors in return for the lifting of economic sanctions.

U.S. President Donald Trump wants to force Iran to renegotiate the agreement, arguing that the terms were not tough enough to prevent Tehran from developing nuclear weapons or ending its support for "proxy" groups across the Middle East.

Iran has refused, insisting that its nuclear program was strictly for civilian energy purposes.

The other parties to the 2015 deal -- Britain, France, Germany, China, and Russia -- have tried to keep the accord alive.

But European partners so far have been unable to offer Tehran a way to sell its crude oil abroad despite the U.S. sanctions, which caused the value of Iran's currency to plummet and sent its inflation rate soaring.

On January 4, French Foreign Minister Jean-Yves Le Drian called on Iran to stick to the agreement, saying: "France fully shares with Germany the central objective of deescalation and preservation" of the deal.

With China, "we in particular noted our agreement...to urge Iran to avoid any new violation of the Vienna accord," Le Drian added.

The European Union on January 5 said it had invited Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif to Brussels for talks.

The nuclear statement came as hundreds of thousands of mourners in Iran participated in processions honoring Soleimani.

State television broadcast live footage of the January 5 ceremonies in Ahvaz and the holy city of Mashhad showing throngs of black-clad marchers accompanying a flag-draped casket containing Soleimani's remains.

Members of the crowd chanted and beat their chests in homage to Soleimani, considered Iran's top military commander.

His body was flown to Iran in the early morning from Iraq and is to be taken next to Tehran before his burial in his hometown of Kerman on January 7. Iran has announced state holidays for January 6-7.

As head of the Quds Force, the 62-year-old Soleimani helped orchestrate Tehran's overseas clandestine and military operations.

The Quds Force, the foreign arm of Iran's hard-line Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC), has been designated a foreign terrorist organization by the United States.

He was killed in a U.S. drone strike as he traveled in a convoy of Iran-backed militia members after leaving the Baghdad airport in the early morning hours of January 3 -- a strike that substantially raised tensions between Washington and Tehran.

Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis, a deputy commander of the Iran-backed Hashd Shaabi militia in Iraq, was also killed in the raid.

Mourners marched earlier in Baghdad for Soleimani and others killed in the raid, while many anti-Iranian protesters celebrated the deaths at other sites in Iraq.

Rallies in protest of the U.S. air strike were also held in Lebanon on January 5 by followers of the Shi'ite militant group Hizballah.

In Pakistan, supporters of Shi'ite organizations took to the streets of the capital, Islamabad, and Karachi.

Trump said he ordered the strike on Soleimani, saying the Iranian commander had organized attacks on U.S. and Iraqi targets and that he was planning further terror actions.

Iran has promised "harsh revenge" for the U.S. attack on Soleimani, one of the most powerful military men in Iran.

With reporting by Reuters, AP, dpa, AFP, and the BBC

Source: https://www.rferl.org/a/ceremonies-ahvaz-quds- irgc-commander-soleimani/30360801.html

Copyright (c) 2020. RFE/RL, Inc. Reprinted with the permission of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, 1201 Connecticut Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20036.