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Office of Research
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Commentary from ... Europe East Asia South Asia Western Hemisphere |
| 'The Light And Shade Of Albright's Visit To North Korea' |
Most overseas commentators usually scold the U.S. for trying to isolate various states of concern and press for a more active diplomatic dialogue with all parties. Thus, the fact that Secretary Albright's historic visit to North Korea drew a decidedly mixed set of reactions in the press overseas is somewhat surprising. Many analysts in Asia and Europe were negative in their assessments, with some expressing concern, others advising caution and still others displaying some cynicism. These critics questioned both the trip's merits and implications, as well as the underlying U.S. motives. A smaller number of other commentators, however, were more hopeful, applauding the secretary's "determination" and welcoming the U.S. overture as a positive step which will have sound consequences for regional and global stability. One explanation for the diversity of international responses is that, apparently, in the post-Cold War world, no U.S. diplomatic move can draw either universal criticism or total praise. Highlights follow:
CONCERN, CAUTION: A majority of South Korean analysts was very apprehensive, worrying that the intra-Korean dialogue might take a back seat to U.S.-North Korea rapprochement and that U.S.-South Korean relations might become less intimate. In Tokyo, some dailies also wondered whether issues of importance to Japan might be swept aside. These and other Asian and European media voices warned the U.S. against being too "hasty" in normalizing relations with North Korea. Above all, they remained wary of any promises made by the reclusive North Korean leader, Kim Jong Il, insisting that DPRK must demonstrate "action along with words" on restraining missile development and reducing tensions between North and South Korea. Some European papers noted that DPRK has made no positive changes in its policies and that it was incongruous for a U.S. administration--which has sought to isolate Cuba, Burma and Iraq--to cozy up to such a brutal despot as Kim Jong Il. Another oft-expressed concern was that the U.S. overture could make nuclear and missile blackmail a more attractive policy for international "rogues."
CYNICISM: Several opinionmakers held that President Clinton is looking for a political opportunity in North Korea. Others even saw the impetus for the North Korean opening in the alleged failure of other U.S. foreign policy endeavors, e.g. the Middle East peace process. Meanwhile, Russian and West European columnists wondered whether any diplomatic deal on North Korean missiles would moot the justification for a U.S. NMD. The tenor of their remarks suggested that they would welcome this possibility.
HOPE: Pyongyang coverage of the event was notably scant, but with a rather positive slant. It emphasized Dr. Albright's "constructive and in-depth conversations" with Kim Jong Il, as well as her "conviction that improved U.S.-DPRK relations would contribute to peace and stability" in the region. Some Chinese, Japanese, Australian, Russian, major Western European and South Asian writers also viewed Secretary Albright's visit as a step in the right direction.
EDITOR: Diana McCaffrey
EDITOR'S NOTE: This survey is based on 70 reports from 23 countries, October 16 - 26. Editorial excerpts are grouped by region; editorials from each country are listed from the most recent date.
EAST ASIA
SOUTH KOREA: "Keen Eyes Observe Trilateral Meeting"
Moderate Hankook Ilbo editorialized (10/26): "Secretary Albright said she discussed the plan for restraint on North Korea's development and export of missiles. This sounds like there is a blueprint for financial compensation in return. Therefore, South Korea must prepare herself for possible U.S. demands for 'KEDO-like compensation.' It is the United States and Japan who are threatened by [North Korea's] missiles. The most important fact right now is that South Korea does not have the luxury of participating in any compensation plans for missiles. There should be no unilateral pressure to make South Korea bear that burden."
"We Welcome Progress In U.S.-DPRK Relations"
Independent Hankyoreh Shinmun opined (10/25): "We wholeheartedly welcome the progress made in U.S.-DPRK relations. This is because we believe that the 'normalization of U.S.-DPRK relations,' along with 'South-North reconciliation,' is essential to bring about peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula."
"Are We Paying Again For North Korea's Giving Up Its Missiles?"
Conservative Chosun Ilbo argued (10/26): "The issue of easing tensions on the Korean Peninsula is as important as the missile issue. Easing of tensions must be pursued with sufficient exchange and fine-tuning of ideas with South Korea.... [The United States] must be aware that too rapid an attempt at normalization of bilateral [U.S.-DPRK] relations could...leave room for discord in the U.S.-[South] Korea relationship.... Under no circumstances can we allow South Korea to be saddled with providing compensation for North Korea giving up its missiles."
"The Light And Shade Of Albright's Visit To North Korea"
Professor Moon Jung In of Yonsei University observed in conservative Chosun Ilbo (10/26): "There should be a clear distinction between the easing of tensions and confidence-building on the Korea Peninsula, and the matter of missiles and weapons of mass destruction. The former is a matter to be handled by the two Koreas and the latter should be the agenda of U.S.-DPRK negotiations. There should also be a strategic role for building a peace structure on the Korean Peninsula under the '2+2' plan. South and North Korea should be the leading players in the four-party talks, with the United States and China having a supporting role."
"No U.S.-DPRK Peace Treaty Behind Korea's Back"
Independent Joongang Ilbo asserted (10/26): "Some even point out that the United States has exaggerated the threat of North Korean missiles. In this regard, it does not make sense for Korea to bear the burden of getting rid of that threat.... Achieving a peace treaty is an urgent matter. However, an attempt to have the signatories of the Armistice Treaty (the UN and North Korea) sign a peace treaty that would replace it would be incomplete since it would leave out South Korea, the most important player in the peace structure of the Korean Peninsula."
"What Is The U.S. Aiming At With Its 'North Korea Card'"
Professor Lee Jung Min at Yonsei University wrote in the independent Joongang Ilbo (10/26): "The United States seems to be using the North Korea card in its domestic and foreign affairs. In foreign affairs, the United States is exercising preemptive diplomacy with China and the North Korean People's Army in mind.... The United States is accelerating its contacts with the North, with the aim of minimizing China's political and military influence [over North Korea]. Also, by setting up a pipeline with the North Korean leader, the United States may feel that it can better observe movements within the People's Army.... In the domestic arena, with the Middle East peace talks off the rails, President Clinton desperately wants to have a diplomatic victory that will make the history books, and the only possible target is North Korea."
"A Complicated Game"
Seoul National University Professor Ha Young Sun and Kyounghee University professor Jung Sae Hyun observed in conservative Chosun Ilbo (10/25). "The United States will try to obtain a clear picture on tying the final knot on the nuclear and missile issues. The North will want something in return and, at the same time, will want [the United States' word on] an assurance on peace. So, there will be a tug of war.... We must avoid a situation where the United States and North Korea are the main players and South Korea ends up being an secondary player.... Right now, the Korean Peninsula is witnessing a very complicated game.... It is important that the United States and [South] Korea fine-tune their positions before Clinton's visit to North Korea. If the United States suddenly puts out something in relation to the peace structure that does not match the public sentiments of the Korean people, it would damage the Sunshine Policy."
"U.S. And DPRK In A New Era"
Kim Young Hie wrote in independent Joong-Ang Ilbo (10/25): "The rapid progress in U.S.-DPRK relations is something that [South] Korea wanted as well. Reconciliation between the two Koreas is a requirement for peace on the Korean Peninsula, but that alone will not be sufficient [to bring about peace]. Normalization of U.S.-DPRK relations is what is needed to make it complete.... Some point out that the North is paying less attention to inter-Korean relations since Vice Chairman Jo's visit to the United States.... But North Korea also knows that without improvements in inter-Korean relations, it cannot have normal ties with the United States.... What is important is the peace structure to be discussed in the final stages of improved [U.S.-DPRK] relations. It must take place within the framework of the four-party talks and be based on the peace agreement between the two Koreas. U.S.-ROK cooperation in this regard is more important than ever."
"U.S.-DPRK Rapprochement: An Opportunity And A Crisis"
Kyonggi University Professor Nam Ju Hong wrote in moderate Hankook Ilbo (10/25): "The Korean government feels that improvement in bilateral [U.S.-DPRK] relations will ultimately help inter-Korean relations.... However, U.S.-DPRK rapprochement provides both an opportunity and a crisis for South Korea. It is an opportunity in that it gives us hope for continued opening up of the North...leading up to internal North Korean reforms and the ultimate dismantling of the Cold War structure on the Korean Peninsula. It is a crisis in that there are practical concerns over the possibility of the U.S.-ROK security alliance being dismantled in advance.... Now is the time to discuss the issue of permanent peace on the Korea Peninsula, or the security issues, rather than signing of reunification."
"Points To Remember In The New U.S.-DPRK Relations"
Independent Dong-A Ilbo editorialized (10/25): "The normalization of ties between the United States and North Korea will definitely be a positive force on the Korean peninsula.... However, there are concerns over the possible negative impact on U.S.-DPRK relations. In particular, Pyongyang must not put inter-Korean relations on the shelf because of improved U.S.-DPRK relations. The United States should deal with the North with this in mind. Both North Korea and the United States must remember that practical progress in U.S.-DPRK relations is only possible on the basis of inter-Korean relations."
"U.S.-DPRK Talks In Pyongyang"
Government-owned Daehan Maeil's editorial stated (10/24): "We hope Secretary Albright's Pyongyang visit will help establish a 'good circle' of progress in the inter-Korean dialogues and improve U.S.-North Korea relations. That would mean Pyongyang should not neglect implementing inter-Korean agreements as it endeavors to improve relations with the United States. With regard to the message sent by European leaders attending the Asia Europe Meeting (ASEM) about their future relations with Pyongyang, North Koreans should also recognize the continuous efforts that the South Korean government has made to create a peaceful atmosphere in the Korean peninsula. In essence, a balanced pace of improvement in North-South and North Korea-U.S. relations is the key to bringing peace and stability to the Korean Peninsula."
"Albright's North Korea Visit And Inter-Korean Relations"
Conservative Segye Ilbo editorialized (10/24): "No matter how significant North Korea's proposals may be, the United States cannot carry out its North Korea policy without coordinating with South Korea. In this regard, it is fortunate that Secretary Albright has decided to come to Seoul to review her Pyongyang visit with the ROK officials. The United States, however, should take heed of concerns that its fast-paced approach toward North Korea might undermine what South Korea has achieved and even become an obstacle to the inter-Korean dialogue.... Considering the North hasn't implemented any agreement between the two Koreas despite all the economic support from the South, many suspect that Pyongyang is trying to deal exclusively with the United States while taking advantage of Seoul. North Korea should show sincerity in the inter-Korean talks as well."
"Historic Visit Of U.S. Secretary To North Korea"
Independent Hankyoreh Shinmun editorialized (10/23): "We hope the visit will create a positive external environment for a peace settlement in the Korean Peninsula.... We should, however, be wary of any overly optimistic ideas of solving all the pending nuclear and missile issues at once. U.S.- North Korea relations have as many obstacles to overcome as North-South relations."
"Fundamental Peace Settlement Issues Should Be Discussed"
Independent Joong-Ang Ilbo declared (10/23): "In the current positive atmosphere, we must focus on tension relief, and South Korea should not be excluded from talks regarding a peace treaty.... Clinton may have deemed that, as a lame-duck president, he is better positioned to work out a strategic framework for the Korean Peninsula and Northeast Asia."
NORTH KOREA: "Kim Jong Il Again Meets Madeleine K. Albright "
Pyongyang's official Korean Central News Agency (KCNA) reported (10/24): "General Secretary Kim Jong Il today met again and had a conversation with Madeleine K. Albright, secretary of state of the United States of America.... Wide-ranging views on the issues of common concern were exchanged in the meeting. Madeleine K. Albright expressed deep thanks for the warm hospitality accorded to her by the DPRK side."
"Kim Yong Nam Meets Albright"
Official KCNA had this report (10/24): "Kim Yong Nam, president of the presidium of the DPRK Supreme People's Assembly, today met and had a talk with Madeleine K. Albright, U.S. secretary of state.... Albright said that she had a talk with leader Kim Jong Il on important issues. She expressed conviction that the improved U.S.-DPRK relations would contribute to the peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula and in East Asia. She noted that President Clinton is greatly interested in his Pyongyang visit."
"Albright Meets Media Representatives"
KCNA also ran this piece (10/24): "At the press conference, the U.S. secretary of state said she came here to convey to Chairman Kim Jong Il of the National Defense Commission the views of U.S. President William Clinton on the improvement of the DPRK-U.S. relations and prepare for Clinton's visit. During her visit, she noted, she had hours-long constructive and in-depth conversations with Chairman Kim Jong Il on various issues."
"Kim Jong-il Receives U.S. Secretary Of State"
Pyongyang's official KCNA issued several reports detailing Secretary Albright's in-country activities. This item was the most substantive (10/23): "General Secretary Kim Jong-il today received Madeleine K. Albright, secretary of state of the United States of America, on a visit to the DPRK to convey the views of U.S. President William Clinton on the improvement of the DPRK-U.S. relations directly to him and to prepare for Clinton's visit. Present on the occasion was Kang Sok Ju, first vice-minister of Foreign Affairs. On the occasion Albright...presented with respect a personal letter to leader Kim Jong Il from U.S. President William Clinton. Kim Jong Il expressed thanks for this and had a sincere conversation with Madeleine K. Albright."
"Kim Jong Il Enjoys Mass Gymnastic Display And Art Performance"
This KCNA article was representative of its coverage of Secreatary Albright's visit (10/23): "General Secretary Kim Jong Il enjoyed 100,000-strong gymnastic display and art performance, 'Ever-victorious Worker's Party of Korea,' at the May Day Stadium this evening. Also seeing the gymnastic display and art performance was Madeleine K. Albright, U.S. secretary of state.... Kim Jong Il appeared in the tribune of honor.... Stormy cheers of 'hurrah' burst forth.... The words 'greatest glory to the great leader comrade Kim Jong Il' were seen on the background and waves of rhythmic dances and flowers rolled on the floor of the stadium. The mass gymnastic display and art performance successfully depicted on a grand epic canvas the revolutionary history of the ever-victorious Worker's Party of Korea and the inexhaustible potentials of Juche Korea."
"DPRK-U.S. Joint Communique Supported"
Official KCNA, as of 10/22, continued its near silence on Secretary Albright's visit to North Korea. The sole U.S./DPRK story (10/21) stated: "The DPRK-U.S. joint communique was supported by China and Russia. A spokesperson for the foreign ministry of China, commenting on the DPRK-U.S. joint communique, said that the Chinese government is making sustained efforts to preserve peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula and has always supported and welcomed anything helpful to it. Losyukov, vice-minister of foreign affairs of Russia, when interviewed by Itar-tass, noted that the dialogue between Pyongyang and Washington is of an important nature and, accordingly, Russia fully supports it."
JAPAN: "U.S., Japan And South Korea Must Strengthen Coordination"
Liberal Mainichi editorialized (10/26): "We fully appreciate the fact that Secretary Albright briefed the Japanese and South Korean foreign ministers in Seoul on the contents of talks she had with Kim Jong Il. Close coordination, as shown in the Seoul meeting, will be important in future and present dealings with the North. President Clinton is likely to decide whether to make a formal visit to the North Korean capital after reviewing the substance of Albright-Kim meetings. We hope the president will make the decision in a careful manner. If Mr. Clinton tries to normalize ties with the DPRK in a hasty manner and in a desperate bid to have his name go down in history amid the explosive Middle East situation, the North Koreans will most probably take advantage of the president's precocious diplomatic move. If the United States makes a 'soft' compromise with the DPRK, the North Koreans may begin to think they have the 'upper hand' over the South, and sidetrack future talks aimed at national reconciliation and reunification."
"Improved U.S.-DPRK Ties Must Bring Peace And Stability To East Asia"
Moderate Tokyo Shimbun observed (10/26): "As there is no change yet in the military threat from North Korea, the United States should not forget the goal of reducing tensions on the peninsula and bringing peace and stability to East Asia. Mr. Clinton should not hasten to improve relations with the North in an act of 'diplomatic prowess' before his term of office ends. Secretary Albright told Foreign Minister Kono that during her meetings with Kim Jong Il, she took up the 'abduction issue' as important to both the United States and Japan. We shall take special note of the North's attitude on the abduction issue at the normalization talks with Japan, scheduled to start in Beijing on October 30."
"Did Albright Solve Delicate Problems With Kim?"
An editorial in top-circulation, moderate Yomiuri opined (10/25): "Judging from Secretary Albright's news conference, during which she said there was important progress in her talks with Kim, the United States is expected to go ahead with arrangements for President Clinton's landmark visit to the North Korean capital. The Clinton-Kim meeting, if realized, should be comprehensive and substantive enough to create an environment that will bring a lasting peace to the Korean Peninsula.... First and foremost, [a Kim-Clinton] summit will have to open the way for reducing tensions on the peninsula and strengthening security in Northeast Asia."
"Clinton Should Observe Principles For Normalizing Ties With DPRK"
Business-oriented Nihon observed (10/25): "Now attention is being focused on whether or when President Clinton will make a visit to the North Korean capital. We hope that the Clinton administration will not deal with the North in a hasty manner but try to open the way for reducing the North's military threat, while keeping in mind the concerns of Japan and other allies. Since the United States continues to assume heavy responsibility for reducing military tensions on the Korean Peninsula, President Clinton should not hasten to discuss normalization with the North, but focus on creating a new framework for bringing a lasting peace to the peninsula."
"Mixed Regional Views On Albright-Kim Meeting"
Liberal Mainichi observed (10/24): "Secretary of State Albright's meeting with DPRK leader Kim Jong Il in Pyongyang should be considered a landmark event, given the possibility that it would not only put an end to the previously hostile U.S.-DPRK relationship, but also boost their ties to a closer and stronger footing.... In South Korea, more people are beginning to worry that their country might be left behind while the United States and the North go on a 'fast track' to normalize relations. In Japan, government officials are keeping a close watch on what effect the Albright-Kim talks will have on future normalization talks with the DPRK. China, which is trying to maintain more of its influence on the Korean Peninsula, is also watching the development carefully."
"U.S., DPRK Eager To Liquidate Regional Security Threat"
Liberal Asahi's Seoul correspondent remarked (10/24): "The Albright-Kim meeting, the first tete-a-tete between a top diplomat from the United States and the top North Korean leader, is significant in light of the fact that there is already a ray of hope that the meeting will create a new, stable security environment in the region."
"Haste Makes Waste"
Conservative Sankei noted (10/23): "Major Western countries are accelerating moves to improve or normalize ties with the DPRK, as seen by the visit of Secretary of State Albright to Pyongyang starting today, which is expected to open the way for a later visit by President Clinton. Against such a background, more Japanese appear to be obsessed with the so-called 'miss-the-bus' mentality. But Japan should not hasten to normalize relations with the North because Pyongyang is trying to take advantage of the Japanese mentality to turn the tide of future negotiations in its favor. Japan must not be trapped in North Korea's diplomatic 'encirclement' operation.... The Japanese should make a diplomatic move to the North in a measured and patient manner after studying the outcome of the South-North talks. Japan and the DPRK remain unable to resolve such diplomatically difficult issues as the North's call for Japan's compensation for the colonization of the Korean Peninsula before and during World War II and Japan's request that the North resolve the alleged abduction of Japanese nationals by North Korean agents."
CHINA: "Why Have North Koreans Made Great Progress In Foreign Relations?"
Sha Qiu said in official Beijing Youth Daily (Beijing Qingnianbao, 10/26): "In order to achieve success, the DPRK knows well that it should improve ties with the United States. Both the United States and North Korea need each other, but neither side is willing to back down first. Albright's visit to North Korea is a good beginning, but there is still a great deal to do in order to achieve a breakthrough."
"Is Peace The Main International Trend?"
Chen Bo commented in official Chinese Youth Party China Youth Daily (Zhongguo Qingnianbao, 10/25): "With the U.S.-DPRK relationship growing at an extraordinarily fast speed, the peace process on the Korean Peninsula has entered a new stage. Moving towards full reconciliation, this situation is also conducive to maintaining peace in the entire region."
"U.S. Secretary Of State Visits DPRK"
Sha Qiu commented in official Beijing Youth Daily (Beijing Qingnianbao, 10/24): "Upset by the bloody conflict in the Middle East, President Clinton turned his eyes to the Korean Peninsula. By promoting peace between the two Koreas, President Clinton may be able to make his political record more glorious. So he sent U.S. Secretary of State Albright on this trip for peace.... To Americans, DPRK is still an enigmatic nation. Therefore, one of the purposes of Albright's trip to DPRK is to get a true picture of DPRK's missile plan and its missile technology exports to America's rivals."
"The U.S. And DPRK Seek Full Improvement Of Bilateral Relationship"
Zhang Jinfang commented in official Xinhua Daily Telegraph (10/23): "Although the pace of improving bilateral relationship has been stepped up, the United States and DPRK still need to remove many important obstacles before the bilateral relationship is finally normalized. In fact, the United States has not fundamentally changed the containment policy towards DPRK, and will continue to pressure DPRK on questions like nuclear issues and missile problems. Only when the United States abandons the containment policy and lifts all the sanctions and blockade on DPRK, will normalization of the bilateral relationship be realized."
"Korean Conundrum"
The independent South China Morning Post had this editorial (10/25): "Where Kim Jong Il is taking his new friendship policy has yet to be explained. Six hours of intensive talks with Ms. Albright apparently did not provide a definitive answer. But it is clear that if Mr. Kim opens his nation to the world to rescue a moribund economy, he runs the risk of subverting the political system that keeps him in power. So just how far he can move to satisfy United States and other outside demands remains a mystery.... Clinton wants to visit Pyongyang as part of his foreign affairs legacy. But he can't do so without having good reasons for embracing a friendlier Mr. Kim. Whether Ms. Albright found those reasons this week remains to be seen."
"Uncertain Thaw"
The independent South China Morning Post had this editorial (10/24): "It must be assumed they [Albright and Kim] had fruitful talks about the North's plans for missile deployment, missile exports and nuclear development, plus ways of opposing terrorism and reducing military tensions along the North-South border.... If the North cancels its missile plans, the United States will lose a main justification for building the Theatre Missile Defense System Beijing opposes so strongly. Yet North Korea's strategy remain unclear. It has not yet accepted suggestions about making the border less militaristic, nor has it said how engaged with the modern world it wants to be. Pessimists fear the thaw is a ploy to win foreign aid, to be followed by renewed enmity towards South Korea. Optimists hope yesterday's long talks will prove them wrong."
AUSTRALIA: "Time To Give Engagement A Go"
An op-ed by opposition MP Kevin Rudd in the conservative national Australian read (10/26): "The pace of change has been astonishing...and now the truly amazing prospect of President Clinton visiting this only recently reclassified 'rogue state' by year's end.... For the rest of us in the region, the stakes are also high.... Much of course can still go wrong. Kim Jong Il has a history of unpredictability--as well as a predilection for policy blackmail in his dealings with the West.... And then there is the United States and the prospect of a Bush administration revisiting the entire strategy. After a failed half-century-long experiment with containment of the DPRK, all of our interests are served by the next U.S. administration simply letting people like Kartman [DAS North Asia] get on with the job. It's time to give engagement a go."
"Washington Takes Lead On Korean Peace"
The conservative, national Australian asserted (10/24): "The United States needs to see evidence that Mr. Kim will give ground on key issues. Washington should not remove North Korea from the list of states that sponsor terrorism--and as such, free up trade and investment--without gaining enforceable commitments that the missile program will end. Economic reforms should be spelled out and guarantees given that foreign aid is reaching the needy. The United States must also raise questions about the North's military build-up along the demilitarized zone.... And forcing the pace, Washington cannot let Pyongyang backtrack on its June landmark commitment to accept South Korea's right to participate in talks aimed at securing permanent peace."
SINGAPORE: "Pyongyang Courted"
The top-circulation, English-language Straits Times editorialized (10/24): "Any doubts there may have been that the United States is of two minds about the detente, and how it fits into its Pacific security framework, are surely erased now. What the world is witnessing is a Washington-Pyongyang courtship so torrid Seoul may even be feeling a little left out.... What would knock the socks off Seoul's strategists is that her (Mrs. Albright's) trip could well be the curtain-raiser to a visit by Mr. Clinton himself.... Albright would not be there if the vibes had not been positive. The possibility is enough to throw right-wing crybabies in the United States into apoplexy. What, validate a cruel dictator (albeit a champagne-guzzling one) by visiting him in his lair? The appropriate answer would be: Why not if the trip could produce agreements that would bind Pyongyang to certain guarantees?... There are more important provisos to be met. The prime one is that Mr. Kim Jong Il should visit the South ahead of a Clinton trip, if it does come off. This is to make clear his commitment that his peace deal is with Seoul, not with the Americans.... Secondly, Mr. Clinton cannot go to Pyongyang and not also visit South Korea and Japan. The two are America's principal security allies in Asia. Japan, together with China, will have a key role in Korean affairs, regardless of the peninsula's eventual status."
THAILAND: "Time Now For Kim To Ponder Regional Peace"
The lead editorial of the independent, English-language Nation commented (10/26): "So far, North Korea's attention has been concentrated on the United States, Japan, China, Russia and South Korea. Pyongyang now needs to heed the views and concerns of the rest of the Asian region.... Kim must now realize the time has come for North Korea to establish genuine dialogue and trust with the rest of the Asian region."
"Pyongyang Could Yet Turn Contrary"
The lead editorial of top-circulation, moderately conservative, English-language Bangkok Post commented (10/24): "As the West rushes to Pyongyang, it rests with U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright to be both a pioneer and a pragmatist. Mrs. Albright appears to recognize both the opportunity and danger. All nations must welcome the effort by Pyongyang to come out of its long isolation. At the same time, they must ensure that North Korea takes the necessary steps to change some of its unacceptable behavior."
EUROPE
BRITAIN: "Missile Talks"
The independent Financial Times editorialized (10/25): "The sight of Madeleine Albright in Pyongyang this week chatting away with Kim Jong Il...would have been unthinkable only a few months ago. Equally remarkable could be the effect of this rapprochement on the decision of the next U.S. president will make on plans for NMD.... If the 'Dear Leader' dispenses with his jokes and embarks on a serious rapprochement with the United States, he could make it harder politically for the next president to go ahead with NMD."
"Slow But Sure"
The conservative Times told its readers (10/24): "It would be prudent to conclude that the efforts of North Korea's leaders to make new foreign friends are not entirely wholehearted, and to respond accordingly. Washington must not be lulled into a false sense of security. It should not follow nine EU states and naively offer diplomatic recognition. Promises have been made at earlier meetings on renouncing terrorism, formally accepting the end of the Korean War in which 33,000 Americans died, and, most importantly, giving up missiles. Before Washington goes further, Pyongyang must match these words with deeds."
FRANCE: "Preparing Clinton's Visit"
Luc de Barochez stressed in right-of-center Le Figaro (10/24): "It is on the Korean Peninsula, far from the Middle East, where Clinton wanted to leave a historic imprint, that he may in the end leave his mark.... Secretary Albright's visit to Pyongyang points to the possible resolution of a security issue of concern to the United States and Japan.... While Europe continues to wonder whether it is opportune to re-establish ties with North Korea, American diplomacy needed only ten days to organize Madeleine Albright's visit--proof of the degree of urgency which Madeleine Albright assigns to this issue."
GERMANY: "Handshake Without Promises"
Henrik Bork opined in centrist Sueddeutsche Zeitung of Munich (10/26): "There are moments in politics in which a gesture can move more than dozens of negotiating rounds. Madeleine Albright's trip to North Korea was such a gesture. It was a gesture that rewards the opening course of the North Korean dictator.... This handshake alone is an important signal of détente for Asia as a whole, and as important as the inner-Korean summit in June. But when searching for concrete results of her visit, we should not jump to early conclusions. North Korea allegedly promised no longer to test long-range missiles. Now the hawks in Washington and Tokyo, who used a grotesquely exaggerated picture of North Korea as an enemy image, have difficulties explaining the need for NMD."
"Gesture Counts"
Right-of-center Nordwest-Zeitung of Oldenburg opined (10/16): "Too many concrete things were not approved during Secretary of State Madeleine Albright's visit to Pyongyang, but the gesture counts. If a visit by President Clinton to Pyongyang is really possible, it could pave the way for a better future. Time will soon tell, whether North Korea's leader Kim Jong Il is really serious, since Albright said in Seoul that there can be a narrowing of views only if North Korea reveals its nuclear program."
"Why The United States Hesitates"
Harald Maass opined in centrist Der Tagesspiegel of Berlin (10/25): "Due to the peace process, the U.S. military presence in Asia is now in question. In Seoul and Tokyo, there are an increasing number of voices calling for a reduction or withdrawal of the United States from the region. Against this background, it is not surprising that Washington is now pursuing a more pragmatic course in its policy towards North Korea. But Albright does not want to relax the economic embargo on North Korea without concrete concessions. If Bill Clinton is now, nevertheless, thinking about a lightning visit to Pyongyang, this consideration is mainly based on election campaign tactics.... If Kim Jong Il really wants to open up his country...Washington will have to follow the example of the Europeans."
"Washington Catching Up In East Asia"
Roland Heine opined in an editorial in left-of-center Berliner Zeitung (10/24): "At the beginning of the year, nobody would have ever considered it possible: Secretary of State, Madeleine Albright, is visiting North Korea to explore the terrain for a possible visit by U.S. President Clinton. This is spectacularly different and begs the question what prompted the United States to change course. Washington's concern is mainly not to be overtaken by the rapid development in the region. The efforts of the Europeans to extend their economic and political influence in the region have strongly increased.... Several countries have established full diplomatic relations with North Korea. Washington had to fear being forced to the sidelines through its tough stance toward Pyongyang. But this turn toward North Korea will also create problems: Pyongyang has long been the model enemy to justify U.S. plans for the controversial NMD project. We are anxious to see what kind of language Washington will now use."
"Good Morning, Pyongyang"
Torsten Krauel said in an editorial in right-of-center Die Welt of Berlin (10/23): "Kim's military officials, who are conducting a lightning war of smiles, are the same military officials who sell missiles to the world. If Clinton is buoyed with the hope to enter the history books with a breakthrough shortly before the end of his rather lackluster term, this would be a risky operation. To pay a rather insignificant country as North Korea such an honor only conveys the message to Pyongyang and other regimes that a reckless arms build-up pays off."
"No Reason For Haste"
Petra Kolonko wrote in right-of-center Frankfurter Allgemeine (10/21): "All of a sudden, things cannot move fast enough. Everyone wants to support the process of détente in North Korea. At the Asia-Europe summit in Seoul, the summiteers spoke of the need to integrate North Korea. When U.S. Secretary of State, Madeleine Albright, and President Clinton travel to Pyongyang, the Europeans do not want to be left behind. But it would not be useful to literally force diplomatic relations with the North Korean communists after denying them good relations for such a long period of time. As welcome as the gestures of openness are, it must not be forgotten that nothing has changed inside the secluded country which is still ruled by a dictatorial regime that is responsible for years of famines. The North Korean leaders are in dire straits and they are hungry for international recognition. They should be offered the prospect of diplomatic relations with the West in return for concessions. Haste is not appropriate in this case."
"Chance For Intervention"
Centrist Sueddeutsche Zeitung of Munich opined (10/21): "It would be wrong to torpedo the latest overtures of the United States, Germany, and ASEM to North Korea with such arguments. Those who want to change regimes must talk to them The historic summit between North and South Korea, the hesitant opening of the North, and the sunshine policy of Peace Nobel laureate Kim Dae-jung have created a unique chance: the dangerous outcast North Korea can now be integrated into the international community of nations. But the new relations must be immediately used to negotiate about human rights and disarmament."
ITALY: "Thaw Between U.S. And North Korea"
Antonella Scott filed from Pyongyang in leading, business Il Sole-24 Ore (10/25): "Secretary Albright announced that North Korea accepted a temporary moratorium on its missile program.... The North Koreans' curb of its missile plan would really make a significant contribution to stability in the region and would deprive the NMD of one of the main reasons for existing."
"Fifty Years After The War, Secretary Albright In North Korea"
U. S. correspondent Arturo Zampaglione wrote from New York in left-leaning, influential La Repubblica (10/23): "At the end of Albright's two-day stay, neither accords nor communiqués will be signed, as they will be 'reserved' for President Clinton's visit. The 'Iron Lady' will have to verify the opportunities for the president's trip and determine its possible obstacles."
RUSSIA: "Sensation"
Andrei Ivanov reported in reformist, business-oriented Kommersant (10/25): "The U.S. secretary of state has sensationally ended her visit to North Korea--Madeleine Albright has had Kim Jong Il promise not to launch any more long-range missiles. This shows that he was serious when, talking to Vladimir Putin last July, he offered to shut down the rocket technology program in North Korea in exchange for foreign assistance in space exploration. Moscow and Beijing are pleased--the Americans can no longer refer to the threat of rocket proliferation from the DPRK to justify NMD."
"Don't Muck It Up"
Andrei Ivanov said in reformist, business-oriented Kommersant (10/24): "After the debacle in the Middle East, the Americans need a success somewhere else. They are almost assured of it in the Korean Peninsula where last June's summit between Kim Jong Il and Kim Dae Jung, coming as a surprise to Washington (as well as to Moscow), started reconciliation between the North and the South. The worst thing that may happen to it is for the Americans to bungle that process by being in a rush, as in the Middle East. The Democrats can't wait, with the elections round the corner."
BELGIUM: "Astonishing"
Business-oriented De Financieel-Economische Tijd held (10/25): "The North Korean regime is prepared to stop its own long-range missile development program, Secretary of State Madeleine Albright said at the end of her two-day visit to Pyongyang. To the astonishment of many, Albright spoke with Stalinist leader Kim Jong Il for many hours.... To her own astonishment, she was received by Kim Jong Il himself. They spoke with each other more then six hours. Albright said that she had an open discussion with Kim about all the American concerns about North Korea. After the meeting, she could not confirm whether Clinton would visit Pyongyang.... Albright's unexpected success shuts the mouth of many critics in the United States. They believed that her visit came much too early and that American diplomats strove for rapprochement to this 'extremely unreliable country' much too quickly."
"A 'Nordpolitik' Like, In The Past, A 'Ostpolitik?' There Is More Than Just A Parallel"
Pol Mathil commented in left-of-center Le Soir (10/24): "One does not know whether this 'Nordpolitik' will lead to the reunification of the two Koreas, and whether Kim Dae-Jung, who is already known as the 'Asian Mandela,' will once be called the 'Korean Willy Brandt.' But if Madeleine Albright ventured to cross the 38th parallel, it is to look for partial answers to these questions. And this is not the end of the pilgrimages: The European Union, Clinton, and Japan are already lining up. Why is there such a traffic jam to shake hands with a man who, among other things, is responsible for the terrorist attack which claimed the life of 21 people, including several South Korean Ministers, in 1983, and for the blowing up of a South Korean plane with 115 passengers in 1987? Why is there such a crowd at the door of a country which makes the former Soviet Union and Cuba look like perfect democracies? Why did we send aircraft to punish Milosevic and Saddam, and why did we isolate Burma, although all their combined crimes against human rights are in no way comparable to those of the 'Dear Leader' Kim Jong II? The answer is simple: Fear.
"Neither Milosevic, Castro, nor the Burmese Generals can militarily threaten the United States. Perhaps the 'Dear Leader' can. That is the question! His nuclear arsenal and his sales to Iran and Iraq are worrying Western strategists. This is risky. On the one hand, it breaks the isolation of the last purely Stalinist country.... By doing so, the West hopes to facilitate a process of reforms in North Korea, which would mean self destruction for this regime. But on the other hand, all those visits to the communist dictatorship give it a credibility, a dignity, and an authority, in the view of its population, but also in the view of other dictatorships. The latter will understand the message: Blackmail pays off."
"Clinton Hoping To Secure Legacy "
Philippe Paquet wrote in independent La Libre Belgique (10/24): "Thwarted on domestic issues by a Republican Congress during six of his eight years in the White House, the president hoped to secure his legacy with a few major realizations in foreign policy. Yet, with the exception of reconciliation with Vietnam, NATO enlargement, and the Dayton Agreement on Bosnia, there has not been much so far. That is why North Korea would be a precious solace.... Paradoxically, the evolution of the relations between Washington and Pyongyang is such that it worries everybody. South Korea, which is afraid of being despised again by North Korea which wants first and foremost to deal with the United States. Japan, which is afraid of being dragged into normalization without having settled its own dispute with Pyongyang. Europe, which does not want to miss the opportunity of a devastated communist country which needs to be rebuilt thanks to international investments. Lastly, China and Russia, which see the American 'threat' arriving at their Eastern border."
"An Irresponsible Haste"
Asian affairs writer Philippe Paquet comments in independent La Libre Belgique (10/23): "A few months ago, North Korea was still among Washington's worst enemies, a 'rogue state,' like Iran, Iraq, and Libya.... Last week, North Korea's number two was received by Bill Clinton at the White House. And today, U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright is expected in Pyongyang, where she will meet with the leader of the communist regime, Kim Jong-II. When one remembers the extraordinary slowness of the reconciliation with Vietnam, one is surprised by the haste with which the United States wants to normalize its relations with North Korea. Of course, the State Department toned down the historic importance of this visit, highlighting that Mr. Clinton's visit will depend of North Korean answers to the American concerns. But the American President sees that the Europeans are, also inexplicably, in a hurry: the British and the Germans, followed by the Spanish and the Dutch, and even by the Belgians, announced their intention to establish diplomatic relations with Pyongyang at the Seoul Summit.... As Belgian Foreign Minister Louis Michel told us, it is hard to ignore the call from a Peace Nobel Prize winner.... It is also true that one recognizes states, not political regimes. But still, establishing diplomatic relations with Pyongyang would boil down to consecrating a government which rules with terror. Talking with Mr. Kim Jong-II to facilitate reforms in his country and détente in the region is one thing. Blindly rushing to Pyongyang and giving up any leverage is dangerous."
CZECH REPUBLIC: "Better Not To Rely On Miracles"
Pavel Masa commented in centrist Lidove noviny (10/24): "A determined Albright met in Pyongyang with a similarly determined representative of another superpower. Chinese Defense Minister Cch Chao-tchien came to celebrate anniversary of joint victorious fight against American imperialists. A leading daily of Chinese army reminded that in the '50s, 'the Chinese people inspired by the spirit of patriotism and internationalism, destroyed the myth of undefeatable American imperialism; and that these people can even today use the same spirit to create miracles.' It would probably be better not to rely on miracles this time."
HUNGARY: "Hermit Missiles"
Endre Aczel editorialized in leading Nepszabadsag (10/25): "The United States has dismantled the diplomatic blockade of DPRK and the only thing left is that the U.S. president himself appears on the scene. But U.S. presidents are usually not that hyperactive in foreign affairs when they have only weeks before their departure from office. Clinton is.... Today it is Albright, tomorrow maybe Clinton. And in that case the old dream of the 'hermit kingdom' comes true that the Americans take them (the North Koreans) seriously, very seriously."
THE NETHERLANDS: "Albright In Pyongyang"
Independent NRC Handelsblad of Rotterdam editorialized (10/23): "It would appear clearly to be part of the concluding agreements with which President Clinton wants to end his term in office.... The meeting between Kim Jong-il and Albright is anything but meaningless. Every opening can usefully offer perspectives to North Koreans who are tired of their dying economy and who are therefore looking to the successes to the south. But can anything more than a crack in the door be expected? As long as the results of the election campaign in the United States are not known, American diplomacy cannot be exercised at full strength. Only a visit by Clinton to North Korean can change the crack in the door to a real opening."
NORWAY: "The Swinging Door In Pyongyang"
Independent Dagbladet opined (10/25): "Clinton is on his way out of the White House. Is Jong-il on his way into the international society? The swinging-door in Pyongyang is anyway in constant movement. If the United States gets what it wants, maybe the World Bank and the IMF soon will visit. But first Kim Jong Il must prove that he has more feeling for people than for weapons."
POLAND: "Risky Game In Pyongyang"
Krzysztof Darewicz wrote in centrist Rzeczpospolita (10/25): "Kim Jong Il is the most ruthless and cruel dictator in the world. Like his father Kim Il Sung, he is known for notoriously breaking promises and for his inclination to blackmail and playing with the 'Chinese,' 'Russian,' 'American, 'South Korean,' 'nuclear' or 'missile' cards. The leader of a country which is plunged in economic crisis and starvation has not been miraculously 'reformed,' but is rather extremely desperate trying to obtain foreign assistance before the winter comes in return for nice promises."
"I Don't Trust Kim"
Lukasz Warzecha observed in right-of-center Zycie (10/25): "President Putin boasted several months ago that Kim offered to cancel North Korea's missile program if other countries help him launch satellites. Soon afterwards North Korea's leader said he was just joking. Isn't Mrs. Albright afraid that Kim was mocking her this time too? What Kim is possibly trying to attain is what he always wanted: He intends to bargain for assistance in return for concessions. The question is: Is it worth paying ransom over and over again? And what would happen if the tap [of foreign assistance] was turned off?"
"Rush To Pyongyang"
Leopold Unger wrote in liberal Gazeta Wyborcza (10/24): "Why such a queue to shake the hand of the man who has on his conscience, to name the most important crimes, the 1983 attack in which 21 South Koreans, including ministers, were killed and the South Korean airline bombing with 115 victims? Why such a crowd at the gates of the country that makes the Soviet gulags look like kindergarten and which makes Fidel's Cuba look like a British democracy? Why were aircraft sent against Milosevic and Saddam, and the Burmese junta radically ostracized, even though their collective violence against human rights is nothing compared to Kim Jong Il's list of [victims of] bloodshed and starvation? The answer is simple: Fear. From the military point of view, Milosevic, the junta in Burma, Castro, and others cannot harm U.S. security. The 'Dear Leader' possibly can. North Korea's nuclear stockpile, its weapons of mass destruction, and their proliferation to Iran, Iraq, and other countries that are hostile toward the West--these are what U.S. strategists are losing sleep over."
SPAIN: "A Hand Extended To The North"
Center-left El Pais commented (10/21): "The policy of isolating North Korea has given few results in the past and has aggravated the suffering of the citizens under the regime , punished by poverty, hunger and disease. In the wake of the historic dialogue between the Koreas...it's a matter of involving the Pyongyang regime in relationships which lead them to open up to the world.... For this reason, staking his final political capital before leaving the presidency, Bill Clinton will undertake a historic visit to North Korea at the end of November. Even though what the EU can do in inter-Korean affairs is still fundamentally to salute (U.S/ efforts), the United States once again takes the lead for Europe in a policy which is of interest to the entire world."
TURKEY: "Far East"
Hadi Uluengin commented in mass-appeal Hurriyet (10/26): "Albright's visit...shows that the United States has not given up in Asia-Pasific region; contrary to common belief, it (the United States) is still in full control.... Currently the hot item on the agenda is Mideast; but in a mid- and long-term assessment, it seems Far East will become a main item on the agenda."
SOUTH ASIA
BANGLADESH: "Albright's Trip To North Korea"
Large-circulation Ittefaq held (10/26): "Albright's visit to North Korea will lead to an era of peace in the divided Korean Peninsula and create a congenial atmosphere in relations among Asian countries.... The prospect of President Clinton's visit to North Korea is very significant. This will be a new milestone, not only in the relations between North and South Korea, but also in the field of peace and security in Asia as a whole. Albright's visit is a good sign."
PAKISTAN: "A Significant Thaw"
An editorial in the Lahore-based, English-language Sun held (10/26): "The cancellation of long-range missile tests by North Korea will also allay the apprehensions of Japan, which is a major ally of the United States. Further, the decision will lend political stability to the East Asian region and usher in an era of peace and tranquillity."
WESTERN HEMISPHERE
MEXICO: "Interested Friendships"
Mireya Olivas wrote in nationalist Milenio (10/23): "Secretary of State Madeleine Albright is visiting Pyongyang today and tomorrow with a two-tiered agenda: to find out if the North Korean president is sincere, and to determine if the conditions are right for President Clinton to visit North Korea in November. The White House insists that such a visit would serve as a push for the reconciliation of the two Koreas, but one cannot help to feel some kind of opportunistic behavior.... If the visit takes place, the smart Kim Jong Il would be the only winner." ##
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