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Two variants of Type 191 modularized rocket artillery appear at military parade; expert highlights long range, high accuracy, strong firepower, low cost

Global Times

By Liu Xuanzun, Fan Wei and Liang Rui Published: Sep 03, 2025 10:30 AM

Two variants of Type 191 modularized rocket artillery were reviewed at the V-Day military parade on Wednesday to mark the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, displaying the high compatibility of long-range artillery units of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA).

A military affairs expert told the Global Times that the Type 191 modularized rocket artillery integrates modularized launch technology and can launch guided rockets of different calibers. When launching larger caliber rockets, the strike distance can be further increased and achieve similar effect as using ballistic missiles, but at the cost of rockets.

The modularized rocket artillery system is introduced as a core equipment of the PLA Army's long-range fire strike missions. It can not only deliver full-depth fire strikes on combat areas and provide accurate fire support for troops on the ground, but also carry out joint fire strike missions in conjunction with the Navy, Air Force and Rocket Force.

During the "Strait Thunder-2025A" drills in early April this year, the unique role of modularized rocket artillery was represented. The army of the PLA Eastern Theater Command conducted live-fire shooting using the long-range rocket artillery in relevant waters in the East China Sea, delivering precision strikes on simulated Taiwan island targets such as key ports and energy facilities.

Zhang Chi, a professor at the National Defense University, told media that long-range modularized rocket artillery has four characteristics. Firstly, it has a long range. Compared with traditional rocket launchers, the range of various types of ammunition in the long-range modularized rocket artillery can reach tens to hundreds of kilometers, covering the entire Taiwan island. Secondly, it has high precision. Traditional rocket artillery does not have guidance function, while the long-range modularized rocket artillery has guidance function, and the strike accuracy from hundreds of kilometers away can reach meter-level. Furthermore, there is intense firepower. A salvo can include dozens of various types of ammunition. Finally, the cost is low. Compared to conventional missiles, the cost is significantly lower.

The two variants of Type 191 modularized rocket artillery integrate roles of operational strike and tactical support, and can expand the new frontier of land combat.

Military affairs expert Wang Yunfei told the Global Times that compared with the long-range modularized rocket artillery shown in the past, there were two variants reviewed at the military parade. This fully displayed the outstanding compatibility and expansion potential Type 191 as a land-based long-range precision strike weapon.

The Type 191 long-range modularized rocket artillery can participate in joint firepower strikes, carry out operational firepower assaults and full depth firepower support, or independently carry out firepower operations for attacking long-range targets, Wang said, adding that this type of equipment adopts modularized launch technology, which is multi-functional and versatile, compatible with launching guided rockets of different calibers. It has the advantages of long range and high accuracy, and can carry out precise strikes on targets. It also has a wide variety of ammunition types, has digital fire control, rapid firepower response, strong off-road capability, and can flexibly respond to various combat environments.

"A larger caliber of the rocket could mean that its range may be doubled, "said Wang. Thanks to the application of domestic integrated guidance systems such as satellite navigation system, radio navigation, and inertial navigation in long-range rocket artillery, as well as China's breakthroughs in integration and miniaturization of electronic components, the long-range modularized rocket artillery can not only achieve longer strike distances, but also have the potential to further improve strike accuracy: even achieving the strike effect of ballistic missiles at the cost of rockets, the expert said.