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Foreword

It is the sacred right of each and every sovereign State and a fundamentalprinciple of international law to safeguard national unity and territorialintegrity. The Charter of the United Nations specifically stipulates thatthe United Nations and its Members shall refrain from any action againstthe territorial integrity or political independence of any of its Membersor any State and shall not intervene in matters which are essentially withinthe domestic jurisdiction of any State. The United Nations Declarationon Principles of International Law Concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operationAmong States in Accordance with the Charter of the United Nations pointsout that any attempt aimed at the partial or total disruption of the nationalunity, territorial integrity or political independence of a State or countryis incompatible with the purposes and principles of the Charter of theUnited Nations.

The modern history of China was a record of subjection to aggression,dismemberment and humiliation by foreign powers. It was also a chronicleof the Chinese people's valiant struggles for national independence andin defense of their state sovereignty, territorial integrity and nationaldignity. The origin and evolution of the Taiwan question are closelylinked with that period of history. For various reasons Taiwan is stillseparated from the mainland. Unless and until this state of affairs isbrought to an end, the trauma on the Chinese nation will not be healedand the Chinese people's struggle for national reunification and territorialintegrity will continue.

What is the present state of the Taiwan question? What is the crux ofthe problem? What are the position and views of the Chinese Governmentregarding the settlement of this issue? In order to facilitate a betterunderstanding by the international community, it is necessary to elucidatethe following points.