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Project 85 light aircraft carrier (ABL)

Project 85 light aircraft carrier (ABL) was another unbult Soviet CVL. This 1954 design was really a counterpart to the French Navy Clemenceau Class aircraft carriers.

The first pre-design aircraft carrier project (AV Pr. 72) was performed by the Nevsky Central Design Bureau (then TsKB-17) in accordance with the operational-tactical task (OTZ) of the Navy back in 1943-1944. The chief engineer of the bureau VV Ashik was in charge of the development of Project 72. As the first naval fighter of the Soviet Navy designed for basing on this AB, it was planned to use a marine modification of the Yak-9K, a well-known Yak-9 series land-based fighter, the creation of which was included in the draft plan for pilot aircraft construction in 1944, in connection with the reloading of OKB AS Yakovlev front orders, this work was removed from him.

At the same time, the design bureau of AN Tupolev developed technical proposals for the ship torpedo carrier PT-M71, but it did not go further. In the first postwar military shipbuilding plan, approved by the Government in November 1945, there were no aircraft carriers. Navy Commander N. G. Kuznetsov achieved only the inclusion of AB in the design plan for ships and ships.

In May 1953, N. G. Kuznetsov approved the OTZ for the creation of a light aircraft carrier (ABL), Intended for air defense (air defense) of naval formations at the crossing by sea and in battle (item 85). The draft plan for military shipbuilding for 1956-1965, submitted by NG Kuznetsov to the Government, foresaw the construction of a series of five ships, 85 pr., With the delivery of the main ship in 1960.

To prepare proposals for a tactical and technical task (TTZ) The Ministry of Heavy and Transport Engineering (which included Minsudprom in 1953-1954) attracted TsKB-17. Based on the results of the development of the HTA, carried out under the guidance of V. V. Ashik, the bureau submitted to the Ministry in 1953 a conclusion on this task with its proposals. However, the design of the AVL started in 1955 was entrusted to TsKB-16 (which remained with the suspension of the construction of heavy cruisers under No. 82 without loading). Where he was headed by Chief Designer KI Troshkov.

With the shift in December 1955, N.G.Kuznetsov from the position of the Commander-in-Chief, the development of the draft design 85 ceased, since in the approved plan for military shipbuilding for 1956-1960. It was not included. CDB-16 was instructed to develop a draft of an air defense missile ship (draft 81) instead of the ABL, but in the summer of 1957 and its further design was considered inexpedient.

In the next military shipbuilding program for 1958-1965, prepared with the participation of the new Commander in Chief, SG Gorshkov, another attempt was made to ensure the protection of Navy ships from the air attack of the enemy in the ocean without the creation of AB, only with missile weapons. In connection with the change by the time of the specialization of TsKB-16, design of a new air defense missile ship (draft 1126) was entrusted to TsKB-17, which was headed by VV Ashik before leaving in 1960 for scientific and teaching work in LCI. The draft 1126 was approved, but in 1961 further work on this ship was stopped with the goal of concentrating forces and resources on the creation of more promising multipurpose missile ships.