A.D. 1512 - 5th Lateran Council
The 5th Lateran council was convoked by pope Julius II. to offset a general council which had been summoned by some of the cardinals, at the instance of imperial and French envoys, to be held at Pisa, September 1,1511, but which, composed almost wholly of French prelates, was without influence. This Lateran council was opened May 10, 1512, and closed May 16, 1517. It condemned the council or convention at Pisa and annulled its acts; at first laid France, and especially Lyons, under an interdict, but subsequently, by consent of the French king, Francis I., pronounced the death-warrant of the Pragmatic Sanction of 1438, which had secured in France the freedom of election to bishoprics and abbacies, and the removal of various ecclesiastical abuses; sanctioned the unlimited power of the pope, maintaining his full authority to summon, suspend, or dissolve councils at his pleasure; and declared that " by divine as well as human law the laity can have no jurisdiction over ecclesiastical persons." This council was composed almost wholly of Italian bishops, of whom " The Pope and the Council, by Janus " says there were only about 65, while the Catholic Almanac says it was " attended by 140 bishops." As Julius II. died February 21, 1513, the council was held mostly under Leo X.
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