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Czech Republic - Regions

At the sub-national level, the 2004 reform resulted in the formation of 14 sub-national units - self-governing regions (SGRs), including the capital city of Prague. Their main responsibilities are in the areas of roads and transport, regional planning, regional development, secondary education, health, social affairs, culture. SGRs are almost exclusively responsible for secondary education in terms of establishing secondary schools. The Parliament consists of two chambers - the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. Chamber delegates are elected from 14 regions -- including the capital, Prague--for 4-year terms, on the basis of proportional representation.

Central Bohemia is situated in the middle of Czech Republic. Due to its area, number of urban areas and number of inhabitants this region occupies the first place among Czech regions. Its area covers almost 14% of Czech Republic. The region is divided into 12 districts, which make a ring around the capital, Prague.

Prague is one of important European towns as a traditional metropolis connected with magical importance. Its importance is strongly influenced by the location of the Prague Basin, where the long distance and trade paths crossed each other since times long gone.

Liberec region is situated in the north of the Czech Basin and spreads over the eastern part of the mountain ranges Luzicke hory, Jizerske hory and western Krkonose with Krkonose foothills. North border of the region is also a 20 kilometre long state border with German Saxony region Lobau Zittau and 130 kilometre long border with Poland Dolnoslezske vojvodstvi. To the east it borders with Hradec Kralove region, to the south with Central Bohemia region and to the west with Usti region, with which it created the North Bohemia region since 1960.

Hradec Kralove region is the second region of NUTS 2 Northeast, neighbouring on the Liberec Region to the west and the Pardubice Region to the south. Its historical, economic, and cultural centre is the town of Hradec Kralove. The region has five districts Hradec Kralove, Jicin, Nachod, Rychnov nad Kneznou, and Trutnov. The total area of the region is 4,758 sq. km. Of its 448 municipalities 43 are towns inhabited by 69 per cent of the region’s population.

Pardubice region is situated in the eastern part of Bohemia. Location of the region is also determined by the bordering regions Central Bohemian, Kralovehradecky, Olomouc, South Moravian and Vysocina. Part of the northeast border of the region is also border with Poland. The area reaches 4,519 km2 (5.73 % of the whole Czech Republic).

Karlovy Vary region is the most western part of the Czech Republic. More than half of the overall border creates the border with Germany. To the west it borders with Bavaria and to the north with Saxony. Karlovy Vary region is the second smallest right behind Liberec region. Its area reaches 3,314,4 km2 and takes up 4.2% of the Czech Republic overall area.

Pilsen region is situated in the southwest of the Czech Republic. To the west it borders with Bavarian region in Germany, to the northwest with Karlovy Vary region, to the northeast with Central Bohemian region and to the southeast with South Bohemian region. The area of 7,561 km2 makes it the third largest region in the Czech Republic.

The South Bohemian region represents, geographically, quite closed unit. Core of the unit is the South Bohemian basin. The southwest borders with Sumava, northwest borders with Brdy, north with Central Bohemian granite Highlands, east with Bohemia Moravian Highlands and to the southeast it borders with Novohradske Mountains. The South Bohemian basin consists of two smaller basins called Ceskobudejovicka and Trebonska. South and west borders of the region also create the state borders with Austria and Federal Republic of Germany. The region also borders with Pilsen and Central Bohemian regions and with Vysocina region.

Usti region is situated in the northwest of the Czech Republic, along the border with Federal Republic of Germany. To the northeast it borders with Liberec region, to the west with Karlovy Vary region and a small part of Pilsen region. To the south it borders with Central Bohemian region. The north border of the region is also the border with German Saxony region.

The North Moravian region consists of the Bruntal, Frydek Mistek, Karvina, Novy Jicin, Opava and Ostrava districts. The North Moravian region is located in the north easternmost part of CR; it borders Poland on the north and east, and Slovakia in the southeast.

Olomouc region is situated in the north central Moravia. Border with Poland is 104 kilometres long. The area of 5,139.3 km2 has a big share of large protected landscapes Jeseniky and Litovelske Pomoravi 10.8 % (CR 14.7 %). The region consists of the following townships: Jesenik, Olomouc, Prostejov, Prerov, Sumperk and places eighth among the 14 Czech regions.

Zlin region was founded on January 1st, 2000 and based on the constitutional law No. 347 from December 3rd, 1997, on creating higher territorial autonomous units. The region was created by merging townships of Zlin, Kromeriz and Uherske Hradiste, which belonged to the South Moravian region and township Vsetin, which belonged to the North Moravian region.

South Moravian region is delimited by the districts of Blansko, Brno City, Brno Rural, Breclav, Hodonin, Vyskov and Znojmo, form the central part of the former South Moravian (1960 1999) Region, the western part of which as adjoined to the Vysocina Highlands Region and the eastern part to the Zlin Region.

Brno is the second largest city in the Czech Republic with population of almost 400,000 inhabitants. It was created by gradual development of a settlement at the Brno basin by the domestic population and by colonists from Western Europe.